Subject: Dry Goods

This ledger documents the business transactions of an unidentified Philadelphia merchant from August 31, 1784, to August 23, 1788. The 438-page manuscript ledger contains hundreds of entries detailing exchanges of imported and domestic goods, payments received, and accounts settled. Many transactions involve the shipping trade. The ledger includes numerous entries related to prominent Jewish merchants in Philadelphia, providing valuable insight into their commercial activities during this period. The book is bound in full brown reverse calf, and shows signs of age and wear.

Highly detailed advertisement for A. Collemberger & Co., a dealer in fancy and staple dry goods, groceries, and hardware located in Selma, Alabama. The advertisement is dated July 17, 1853. The advertisement is a physical item from a manuscript collection.

An advertisement for French, German, and English fancy and staple goods, buttons, cutlery, pipes, leather goods, etc., located at 91 Chambers and 73 Reade Streets. The advertisement is from circa 1885 and is found in Arc.MS.56, Volume 18, Page 20.

This is a multi-page advertisement for Stern Brothers, a prominent New York City department store. The front page features a large illustration of the store's impressive building, depicted in architectural detail, with figures approaching its entrance. This image provides a clear visual representation of the store's scale and grandeur. The inside pages contain a detailed advertisement with further information about the merchandise offered, although the exact details are not fully visible from the available image. The back of the advertisement showcases an unusual and detailed map providing directions to the store, which occupied addresses across West 32nd, 34th, and 36th Streets and West 23rd Street.

Militia Buckle - Dug...California gold rush era militia buckle from the 1850s. The set was found in Placer county, California. The wreath is embossed BONDY BROTHERS & CO. on the belt loop cross bar. This is the only early militia wreath made that was stamped with a maker's name. The Bondy Brothers (Adolph & Joseph...possibly Leopod also) business was in New York selling accoutrements and supplies to the military and miners during the gold rush. As with other New York businesses, that were trying to capitalize on the gold rush market in California, the Bondy's opened a store in San Francisco to sell goods that were manufactured at their New York business. William Taussig & the Pollack brothers were other gold rush-based businesses that manufactured in New York and sold in San Francisco to the gold rush market. As the gold rush market declines, in 1859, the Bondy Brothers move their business to 6 Dey Street in New York City and begin to manufacture shirts. 1863 New York Directory lists Adolph dealing in shirts and Joseph working in whalebone. Whalebone. The 1875 New York directory shows both Adolph and Joseph move to 25 Howard Street and are working in ribbons. The ribbons could possibly be for Civil War veteran organizations or some sort of trimmings on hats or clothes. was used in the manufacture of ladies corsets. In the US, from 1873 to 1879, 18,000 businesses went bankrupt, including 89 railroads. Ten states and hundreds of banks went bankrupt. Unemployment peaked in 1878, Hard times for the citizens of the United States and the Bondy Brothers trying to make a living manufacturing and selling ribbons. The last listing for the Bondy Brothers appears in the 1878 New York City directory listing them as commission merchants and manufacturing ribbons in New York City and residing in New Jersey.

Advertising mirror for Blumenthal's Bargain Store in Sebewaing, Michigan. The mirror features blue cardboard and likely advertised dry goods, clothing, food, and other general store items. Undated, but likely from the early 20th century based on style.

Advertising mirror for Blumenthal's Bargain Store in Sebewaing, Michigan. The mirror features yellow cardboard. Date is unknown.

Advertising bank note for the Auction Dry Goods Bank, located at 10 Market Street, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. The note is signed by M. G. Einstein and is dated circa 1865.

Autograph letter signed by Maurice Guggenheimer of Guggenheimer & Co., a dry goods merchant in Lynchburg, Virginia, to Creasy & Brother. Written on October 2, 1872, the letter discusses an order and goods sent. The letter is on Guggenheimer & Co.'s letterhead.

This is a Fall and Winter 1886-87 catalogue from B. Altman & Co., a prominent New York City department store. Catalogue No. 54 is fully illustrated and features a wide array of merchandise, including clothing for men, women, and boys; stationery supplies; purses; jewelry; lamps; and ceramics. The back cover showcases a large illustration of the store at 19th Street and Sixth Avenue.

This is the Spring and Summer 1888 catalogue (No. 57) from B. Altman & Co., a prominent New York City department store. The catalogue features numerous illustrations and details a wide range of merchandise, including men's, women's, and boys' clothing, as well as stationery, purses, jewelry, lamps, and ceramics. The store was located at the intersection of 18th Street, 19th Street, and Sixth Avenue.

Check signed by Benjamin Altman, dated December 5, 1905. Altman's small dry goods store, opened in New York City in 1865, became the third largest in the city during his lifetime. The store was incorporated in 1913.

This bill of lading documents a shipment of dry goods via the California Fast Freight Line, issued on November 17, 1880, from New York. The goods were consigned by P. Liberman & Son of New York and addressed to Louis Rosenbaum in Virginia City, Nevada. The freight line operated in conjunction with Chicago & North Western, Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific, Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R.Rds., and Union & Central Pacific R.Rds. The document features the prominent company name "CALIFORNIA FAST FREIGHT LINE" at the top and lists various agents and managers. The consignor and consignee names are written in ornate script, and there is a signature by "Strauss."

Bill from A. & S. Levy, dealers in Dry Goods, Clothing, Notions, Shoes, Boots, Hats, and other items located at the corner of Main and South Streets, Victoria, Texas. Dated January 7, 1880. The bill lists items bought by O. Stoner for Julia Rose including fabric, dress goods, boots, and other items. The bill shows a detailed breakdown of quantities, prices, and a total of $16.75. The billhead features a printed header section, a company logo, a date, and decorative borders around the edges.

Billhead for A. Blum & Brother, a fancy and staple dry goods business in Galveston, Texas. Dated October 19, 1860. The billhead lists an itemized purchase by S. N. Cayce, likely of dry goods or clothing. The billhead features a printed header with the business name, address, and a list of goods offered. It has an ornate Victorian-style lettering and includes a company logo of a hand and a star.

Billhead from A. Frank & Sons, wholesale dry goods and notions merchants, located at the southwest corner of Fifth Street and Washington Avenue, Saint Louis, Missouri. The billhead is dated August 20, 1887. The transaction is for the purchase of goods, likely fabrics or notions, by John Freeman, a buyer from Seymour, Missouri. The billhead is printed in a simple, clear style, typical of commercial paper in the late 19th century, and includes the company name, address, terms of payment, and a space for listing the items sold. The total amount of the transaction is not included on the billhead.

Invoice from A. Frank & Sons, wholesale dry goods and notions, located at the Northeast corner of Fifth Street and Washington Avenue in St. Louis, Missouri. Dated November 29, 1882. The bill was sold to C. I. Karstedt of Stone Hill, Missouri, and lists a number of items purchased. The billhead is printed on ruled paper and has a hand-written heading. The terms of payment are listed in the upper left-hand corner of the billhead.

Invoice from A. Rachofsky, a New York Store in Central City, Colorado, for dry goods, fancy goods, millinery, and clothing. Dated January 2, 1890. The bill lists the purchase of several items, likely clothing or fabrics, by B. E. Seymour. It includes an itemized list, quantities, prices, and a total sum. The billhead features a decorative border and the text 'Established 1869.'

Billhead for A. Rachofsky's New York Store located in Central City, Colorado. The bill was written on July 24, 1889. This bill lists the cost of several items purchased by William McLaughlin. Items listed are: 'June 17 - Hat', 'July 4 - To Balian suit for Scott' and 'July 20 - a sale - suspenders.' The business is identified as a dry goods store that also sells fancy goods, millinery, and clothing. The billhead also lists other items for sale, including gents' furnishing goods, hats, capes, shoes, carpets, and Reynolds Bros., Curtis & Wheeler, and Bay State Shoes. It also mentions the business's New York office at 403 Broadway. The billhead is printed on a plain white paper with a simple, elegant design.

Billhead of A. A. Wolff, dealer in staple and fancy dry goods, ladies' and children's shoes, and importer of German hosiery, linen and damask. This transaction was made on June 14, 1880, and is for 50 '3/4' shirts, likely referring to children's shirts. The billhead features a decorative header with the business name and a description of its goods. The overall style is clean and simple.

Billhead for Abraham & Brother, a wholesale and retail dealer in clothing, dry goods, hats, caps, boots, shoes, groceries, wines, liquors, hardware, crockery, and other items. The bill is dated August 31, 1867, and is made out to the Stage Co., a likely reference to the Oregon Stage Company, which was a stagecoach line operating in the late 19th century. The billhead lists two purchases of nails on August 16 and 24, with a total price of 50 cents. The billhead has handwritten text, a detailed list of goods, and a handwritten signature by Abraham & Brother.

Billhead from Abraham & Karsky, dealers in dry goods, clothing and furnishing goods. The bill is dated October 8, 1888, and lists a purchase made by J. Vanderhoff & Co. The total amount is $1.01. It appears that payment was made, as noted on the bill, in full by cash. This billhead is from Weaverville, California and lists a San Francisco store.

Billhead - Albert Steiner, Dadeville, Alabama, dated February 5, 1876. The billhead lists a series of items purchased by W. H. Walker, totaling $17.32. The items purchased are handwritten on the billhead and the transaction details, such as quantity, price, and item descriptions, are also listed. The billhead has a printed header with decorative lettering and an ornate border. It includes the company name, address, and list of goods sold by the business.

Billhead from B. Altman & Co., importers and manufacturers of fine costumes, ladies and children's underclothing, and general dry goods, located at 19th Street and 6th Avenue, New York, N.Y. Dated June 9, 1879. The bill is for the purchase of various items, including Greys, Ozenda, and Dresses, likely for clothing. The buyer, H. C. Glenn, paid a total of $15.06. The billhead is handwritten in elegant cursive script and displays a framed header section.

Billhead of B. Altman & Co., importers and manufacturers of fine costumes, ladies' and children's underclothing, and general dry goods, located at 19th Street & Sixth Ave., New York, New York. Dated March 4, 1884. The billhead lists a purchase of items, likely clothing, by R. F. Freuman. It includes a list of item quantities and prices, and a total of the transaction. The billhead is handwritten with elegant cursive. The billhead displays the company's name and address in cursive. It also includes a printed line with the company's industry and services. The billhead features a decorative header.

Billhead for B. Berman, a dealer in Dry Goods, Clothing, Notions, Hats, Boots, Shoes & Furnishing Goods. Located in Luling, Texas, the bill was issued to J.Y. Corida on February 5, 1892. The bill lists one item purchased, likely clothing or a fabric, with a price of 11.50. The bill is signed by Berman, indicating the transaction was likely a receipt for payment. The business lists its NY Office address as 2 Oliver Street.

Billhead from B. Berman, a dealer in dry goods, clothing, boots, shoes, and furnishing goods, located in Luling, Texas. Dated October 15, 1894. The bill records the purchase of various items, likely textiles or clothing, by Miss Flora Daz, from the business. The total amount owed to the business is written at the bottom of the bill, and the bill is signed by M. Epstein, likely an employee of the business. The billhead is a simple, printed document with a business name and description at the top. The document is aged and folded, and contains handwritten entries in ink.

Billhead from B. Lowenstein & Bros., a dry-goods, gents' furnishing goods, and notions store, located at 242, 244, & 246 Main Street in Memphis, Tennessee. Dated July 26, 1894. The billhead shows an image of a building likely owned by the business. The bill is for an item purchased from the store by A. Weber & Co. and includes a detailed list of items and prices.

Billhead from B. Lowenstein & Bros., wholesale dealers in dry goods, gents furnishing goods, and notions, located at 242, 244, & 246 Main Street, New York, and 53 Leonard St, New York. Dated March 23, 1897. The bill lists several items purchased by M. A. Weber & Co., and includes an itemized list of the transaction. The billhead has a printed header, ornate lettering, and clear details of the business address, transaction, and terms. The billhead includes a visual representation of a building, likely the business’s location, with the address printed below.

Bill from Bamberger Bros., proprietors of the Palace Dry Goods House, located at 18 Mill Street, Grass Valley, CA. Dated June 3, 1879. The bill, likely for the purchase of dry goods, is for a Mr. Heyman. The transaction details an itemized list, likely of goods and prices, and includes a handwritten note at the bottom indicating a payment of $6.49. The billhead includes ornate lettering, a framed header section, and a decorative border with a company logo.

Invoice from Bamberger, Bloom & Co., wholesale dry goods, notions, and gents' furnishing goods, located in Louisville, Kentucky. Dated June 10, 1887. The bill likely lists the purchase of an item(s) from the business by Alexander & Denney, and includes an itemized list of the transaction: 100 sheets for $3.00, 3 tape for $0.60, and 1 rope cuff for $0.25 for a total of $3.85. The billhead has a printed header, ornate lettering, and clear details of the business address and transaction. The business’s name appears in a large cursive script, and the billhead includes a shield-shaped company logo in purple and black.

Billhead for Bamberger, Tichner & Co., located at “The White House” in Baker City, Oregon. Dated December 31, 1888. The bill is for an item(s) purchased by T. Parke & Co. The bill lists an item purchased, likely dry goods, clothing, or fancy goods, and a price. The billhead includes a printed header with the business name and a list of goods sold, a space for the business to write notes, and a section for payment details. The billhead also includes a company logo, likely a decorative image of the White House, and a decorative border.

Invoice from Beir & Stern, located at 10 State Street, Gould Building in Rochester, New York. Dated March 24, 1862. The billhead shows the purchase of 13 items, with varying prices listed. There is a handwritten signature at the bottom of the billhead. The billhead is handwritten in ink and has a simple design.

Billhead for BLOCK & SALZ, Dealers in Fancy & Domestic Dry-Goods, located at Corner Front & Main Streets, Keyport, New Jersey. Dated June 30, 1871. This bill is for the purchase of goods by J. T. Howditt, and includes an itemized list with prices. The billhead includes ornate Victorian-style lettering, an eye-catching border along the top edge, and a decorative letter ‘M’ with a floral design on the upper left-hand corner.

Invoice from Cardozo, Fourqurean & Co., dealers in dry goods, located at 1005 Main Street, Richmond, Virginia. Dated June 7, 1879. The bill lists a purchase of 1 1/4 yards of lawn and 11 yards of calico by W. H. Sims. The billhead displays a traditional Victorian-style script. The billhead also features a printed logo with the words “Bought of,” and lists the names of various associated people, including: I.D. Cardozo, J.M. Fourqurean, William Cardozo, Jack Temple, J.R. Money, J. Alsop, I.M. Brit, and R.P. Lyons.

Billhead from Cardozo, Fourqurean & Co., dealers in dry goods, located at 1005 Main Street, Richmond, Virginia. Dated November 26, 1878. The bill lists three purchases, likely fabric or other dry goods, by W. H. Simms. The billhead has an ornate logo with the phrase “Bought of,” clear details of the business address and transaction, and is printed on thin paper with a light blue and purple border.

Invoice from Chas. Glaser & Co., importers and jobbers of staple and fancy dry goods, hosiery, and Yankee notions, located at 207 Battery Street, San Francisco, California. Dated March 27, 1866. The bill is addressed to Cohen & Co. and lists a transaction of four separate items. This is an example of a bill from a textile merchant, showing the type of items sold and the prices of materials. The billhead includes a framed header section with bold lettering and details about the business, as well as a note that goods are received by every steamer.

Invoice from Chas. Simon & Sons, wholesale and retail dealers in foreign and domestic dry goods, located at No. 63 North Howard Street, Baltimore, Maryland. Dated January 9, 1879. The bill shows a transaction for “figured Swiss” for a total of $3.57 with “Rec. payment” from “Mormon” for 369, 337, and 12 cents. The billhead has an elegant printed header section and a handwritten line “The same for expenses to day”.

Invoice from City of Paris Dry Goods Store, located at the corner of Front and Morrison Streets in Portland, Oregon. The invoice is dated March 17, 1864. The bill lists the purchase of “1 1/2 yd French Merino” and “1/8 Dress Silk” by an individual named Mayer. The total cost of the purchase is $20.75. The billhead features the business name, location, and “Fancy & Staple Dry Goods” in large, bold font.

This billhead from Cohen & Stern, Importers and Jobbers of Hosiery, Notions, and White Goods, records a transaction with Messrs. Jones Bros. in Baltimore, Maryland, dated December 5, 1889. The item lists the sale of 13 dozen muffs at $1.50 per dozen and 7 dozen of another item (likely muffs, based on the context) at $1.00 per dozen. The total amount is $2.50, with a calculation error that leads to a corrected total of $2.45. The billhead features ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name and a distinctive company logo depicting a flag with text "AUCTION JOBS A SPECIALTY" and "ONE PRICE HOUSE." The document includes terms of sale: "Net 30 days" and "2 percent off 10 days," and is stamped "PAID" with the date "DEC 5 1889."

Billhead from Cohen & Triest, importers and dealers in dry and fancy goods, silks, laces, and embroideries, located at 248 King St., Charleston, S.C. Dated April 1, 1888. The bill lists the purchase of one buggy blanket for $7 by J. L. Capplerman. The billhead has a printed header, ornate lettering, and clear details of the business address and transaction.

A handwritten billhead from Crine & Rosenthal, a business dealing in dry goods, clothing, shoes, groceries and liquors. Dated November 17, 1883. The billhead is addressed to Eagle & Phenix Manufacturing Co., indicating a possible purchase of goods or services from Crine & Rosenthal. The billhead contains an order for the shipping of a quantity of 'Bali Sheets' in different sizes and colors. The billhead also mentions a previous order and requests the shipment of goods soon. The billhead features plain, simple lettering typical of the period.

Billhead from D. & A. Oppenheimer, wholesale dealers in staple and fancy dry goods and clothing, located at No. 8 Commerce Street, San Antonio, Texas. Dated January (or June) 30, 1875. The bill lists the purchase of a suit of clothes by an unidentified buyer and includes an itemized list of the transaction. The billhead is printed on a cream-colored paper and features the business name at the top with elegant script. It also includes the details of the business: 'Sign of the 'Big Boot', No. 8 Commerce Street.'

Bill from D. Loveman & Co., a dry goods and ladies' furnishing house in Memphis, Tennessee. The bill was purchased by E. D. Hicks on November 6, 1884, and lists a “Cloak” and “Remnant - Size” for a total of $7.00. The billhead includes a framed header section with the company name and address and a separate box highlighting the “Mourning Department.” The billhead has ornate Victorian-style lettering.

Billhead from Dingfelder & Goldman, wholesale and retail dealers in staple & fancy dry goods. Located at No. 323 Fourth Street, between Market and Jefferson, Louisville, KY. Dated March 9, 1865. The bill lists several purchases, including cashmere, agatite, and lawn, with quantities, prices, and a total amount. The billhead features a detailed header with the business name and address, a description of their goods, and a note about goods cut or taken in not being exchangeable. It also has a 2-cent revenue stamp.

Billhead for Dreyfus & Meyer, dealers in dry goods, clothing, boots and shoes, groceries, hardware, saddlery and general country supplies. Located in Barnard, Arkansas, this billhead was dated June 5, 1880 and belonged to Adolph Meyer, successor to the business. The bill lists the items purchased by a buyer, likely a Mr. A. Jackson, for a total of $1.70. The billhead displays ornate lettering and a framed header.

Billhead from E. J. LEHMANN, a jobber and dealer in bankrupt stocks and job lots of fancy dry goods, notions, jewelry, toys, novelties, and more. Located at 198 State St., 61, 63, 65 & 67 Adams Sts., Chicago, Illinois. Dated March 15, 1873. The bill shows a purchase made by D. D. Davis Archer for various items such as “Shaw Brushes,” “Mazel Dishs,” “Thimbles,” and “Looking Glasses.” The billhead has a printed header and contains handwritten details about the purchase. The amount due is written in both numbers and words as “$9.96.”

A billhead of Edward Seeligson, dealer in dry goods, groceries, and general merchandise, located in Goliad, Texas. The billhead is dated October 3, 1874, and is made out to W. A. Jackson, guardian of Lucy Berryman. The billhead contains a detailed list of items purchased, with quantities, prices, and dates of purchase, including 2 balls knitting thread, 1 breakfast shell, 3 pair hoots, 1 pair shoes, 1 belt, 1 copy book, 7 yds calico, 1 yd batten, 1 box pencils, 1 bot dommels, 7 yds ruffles, 7 yds calico, and 1 dress hat.

Invoice from Ehrich & Co., importers and dealers in millinery, fancy and dry goods. Located at Nos. 287, 289, 291, 293, 295 Eighth Avenue, New York, NY, the bill is dated October 21, 1879. It includes an itemized list of goods purchased by G. F. Back. The billhead features a printed header with ornate lettering and decorative elements, including a company logo of a building with a decorative banner. The text includes the publisher information for “Ehrich’s Fashion Quarterly,” which was a magazine published by the company.

This billhead from Eliel Brothers, a general merchandise store in Dillon, Montana, details purchases made by R. C. Halliday on August 1, 1889. The transaction lists various items, including cloth paper, thread, muslin, cambric, ribbon, skylight shades, curtain cord, and a table cloth, along with a balance brought forward from July and an entry for dry goods. The billhead features an ornate heading with "BOUGHT OF ELIEL BROTHERS" and specifies their offerings: "CLOTHING, DRY GOODS, CARPETS, WALL PAPERS, BOOTS, SHOES, HATS & CAPS, BLANKETS, QUILTS and GENTLEMEN'S FURNISHINGS." The document includes ruled lines for accounting.

This billhead details multiple purchases made by R. C. Halliday from Eliel Brothers, a general store in Dillon, Montana, specializing in clothing, dry goods, carpets, and various household and apparel items. The transactions span from March 3 to June 20, 1891, and include goods such as white wraps, crochet cotton, ribbons, embroidery silk, socks, calico, and crash, with a listed return of dry goods on June 13. The total amount is 19.09. The document features ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name and a decorative border, characteristic of late 19th-century commercial stationery. **3.

Billhead - 7/1/1893...Eliel Brothers, Clothing, Dry Goods, Carpets, Wall Papers, Boots, Shoes, Hats & Caps, Dillon, Montana...The bill lists a series of items purchased by Mrs. A. D. Hollister, with prices and quantities. The transaction includes various fabrics, trims, shoes, and clothing items, reflecting the scope of Eliel Brothers' wide variety of goods.

This billhead from Ely, Oberholser & Co., dealers in foreign and domestic dry goods, details a transaction with J. & S. S. Durland, dated October 1, 1869. The item lists various dry goods with quantities and prices, amounting to a total of $1253.93. The document features ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name and an embossed circular stamp stating "NO GOODS TO BE RETURNED UNLESS THEY ARE DAMAGED." 3.

Invoice from F. Auerbach & Bro., a wholesale and retail dealer in dry goods, fancy goods, millinery, cloaks, suits, boots and shoes, carpets, linoleums, upholstery, clothing, hats, and caps, located at 144, 146, & 148 East Temple Street, Salt Lake City, Utah. Dated April 8, 1887. The invoice lists one item - likely samples - with the number '1' in a column, 'samples' in another column, and the price of $14.00 in a third column. The invoice is made out to Scipio Co. in Scipio, Utah. The billhead features a small image of the storefront with the company name.

An invoice from Feigenbaum & Co., importers and manufacturers of toys, fancy goods, notions, and cutlery, located at 120 to 126 Sansome Street between Pine and Bush in San Francisco. Dated October 19, 1876, the invoice is for a sale to a customer. The invoice lists multiple purchased items, including “Knipto Kuf,” “Back Furres Suf,” “Triefco,” “Phoeno,” “Phease Eal,” “Mershaum pipestewles,” “Tabac,” “Tabic slate pencils,” and “Knives.” The invoice is written on a printed form with ruled lines for recording the items and totals. There is a printed header that highlights the company name in a decorative font with multiple lines of text listing the products sold. It also notes that goods are sold for U.S. Gold Coin and Silver is taken at current rate of discount.

Invoice from Fibelman & Elson, wholesale and retail dealers in dry goods, clothing, boots, shoes, hats, etc., located at No. 277 Main Street, Memphis, Tennessee. Dated April 19, 1865. The bill lists a series of items purchased by S. A. Walker, with quantities, prices, and a total amount due. The billhead features a decorative border and a company logo with the company name and address in ornate Victorian-style lettering.

This billhead records a transaction where Frank & Sichel, a dry goods and clothing merchant in San Antonio, Texas, sold one piece of oil carpet for $17.50 to M. Ferdinand Hahn on February 12, 1875, with payment confirmed on March 1, 1875. The document features an advertisement for Clark's O.N.T. Spool Cotton, described as "unequalled for Hand or Machine Sewing," and a note that "Milward's Needles are the best." The typography is typical of the late 19th century, with a clear, functional layout for business transactions. 3.

This billhead records a transaction where N. S. Trowbridge & Co. bought fancy goods and Yankee notions from Frankenthal & Co. in San Francisco, California, on June 14, 1877. The items listed on the invoice include "1/2 dz Camel", "1 dz indel Cuffs", and other illegible goods, totaling $16.99. The billhead explicitly states, "This Bill of Goods is sold for GOLD COIN. Silver taken at current rate of Discount." The item features ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business names and categories, with decorative borders enclosing product offerings such as Hosiery, Gloves, Suspenders, Handkerchiefs, Neck Ties, Stationery, Cutlery, Pipes, Musical Instruments, Perfumery, Playing Cards, and Clarke's Notions. **3.

Billhead from Frauenthal Brothers, dealers in Dry Goods, Clothing, Fancy Goods, Trimmings, Embroideries, Cassimeres, Wall Paper, Boots, Shoes, Hats, Caps, Blankets, Carpeting, etc, located on Commercial Street, Seattle, Washington Territory. The bill lists the purchase of an item or items likely from the business by A. W. Smith. The items listed are 42 yards of Calico, 6 yards of Worsted Muslin, and 1 pair of Mens Shoes. The total amount is $6.25. The billhead has a printed header, ornate lettering and details of the business and transaction.

Invoice from Frederick Loeser & Co., importers and retailers, located at Fulton, Tillary, and Washington Streets in Brooklyn, New York. Dated September 16, 1878. The bill lists the purchase of 3 'Glove' and 1 'Collarrette' by M. Pitt, located at 111 N. Oxford. It displays handwritten numbers and an L trademark in a decorative circle. The billhead is formatted as a standard commercial bill, with numbered columns for item description, quantity, unit price, and total price.

Billhead from Friedman & Loveman, a dry goods store located on Broad Street, opposite the Old Bell Tavern, in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. Dated June 6, 1871, the bill lists the purchase of 1 hat, 25 shoes, and 12 collars by Frank Gordon. The billhead has a printed header featuring the business name, a detailed description of the store's offerings, and a decorative border. The text is printed in a Victorian-style font.

Bill from Gans & Klein, importers, manufacturers, and dealers in clothing, boots, California blankets, and hydraulic hose, located in Helena, Montana. Dated January 3, 1872. The bill lists an item purchased by J. H. McKnight & Co., likely from the business's factory in New York City, located at 184 & 186 Church Street. The bill includes a handwritten list of items with their associated prices and sums of money, and provides a company address. The billhead features a hand-drawn logo of the company name with ornate lettering and includes a section with payment terms.

Billhead from Geo. Goldberg & Co., wholesale dealers in wooden ware, brooms, brushes, cordage, mats, matches, baskets, mop sticks, clothes wringers, shoe blacking, stove blacking, and other goods, located at No. 326 Washington Street, New York City, dated February 2, 1869. The bill details a purchase of goods by J. Wallace, including the quantity, item description, and price. The billhead includes a detailed list of the business's products and services, as well as the address and date in the top right corner.

Billhead from Godchaux Bros. & Co., importers of French, English and German dry goods, located at 100 Battery Street, San Francisco. Dated April 17, 1877. The bill likely lists the purchase of an item(s) from the business by N. S. Trowbridge, and includes an itemized list of the transaction with detailed prices. The billhead has a printed header, ornate lettering, and clear details of the business address and transaction. The billhead also indicates that the business is located at 109 Battery Street, San Francisco, CA.

Billhead from Godchaux Bros. & Co., importers of French, English and German Dry Goods, located at 109 Battery Street, San Francisco. The billhead includes addresses for branches in New York and Paris. The business is listed as payable in U.S. Gold Coin. Dated March 8, 1877, the bill is addressed to N.S. Trowbridge & Co., likely a buyer of goods from Godchaux Bros. & Co. The billhead includes a detailed header with decorative elements.

Invoice from Goldsmith & Strauss, dealers in dry goods, millinery, and fancy goods located at 168 Lexington Street near Eutaw, Baltimore, Maryland. Dated November 1, 1866. The bill lists items purchased by Mrs. Brooke and includes an itemized list of the transaction. The billhead has a printed header, ornate lettering, and clear details of the business address and transaction. It also features a 2-cent U.S. revenue stamp.

Billhead from Greenboum & Co., a general store offering a variety of goods including dry goods, fancy goods, groceries, liquors, provisions, furniture, boots, shoes, hardware, crockery, lumber, oils, paints, and general merchandise. The business was located in Soledad, California. The billhead is dated May 1, 1882. The buyer is J. T. Porter. It includes a list of items purchased and their prices. An associated business listed is J.A. Goldwater, possibly a supplier of goods or a partner in the business.

Invoice from Greenebaum & Bro., importers and dealers in Dry Goods, Clothing, Boots, Shoes, &c., located at No. 128 J. cor. Fifth Street, Sacramento, California. Dated February 23, 1858. The bill lists a purchase of 24 different items with corresponding prices for each item. The billhead features a printed header and uses ornate, cursive lettering typical of the period. The bill was issued to a buyer named Hardy & Kennedy.

Invoice from Greenleve, Block, & Co., importers of wholesale dealers and staple & fancy dry goods, boots, shoes, notions, hats, trunks, etc., located at 126, 128 & 130 Strand Street, Galveston, Texas. Dated November 11, 1879. The bill lists various goods purchased for a total of $731.15 from the Notion Department, and includes an itemized list of the transaction. The billhead has a printed header with a small image of a building, ornate lettering, and clear details of the business address and transaction.

Invoice from Grostein & Alexander, a general store located at the corner of Montgomery and Second Streets, Lewiston, Idaho. Dated October 26, 1867. The bill lists several items purchased by G. Gamble, including sugar, butter, syrup, bacon, peas, Japan tea, beans, and potash. It includes the prices for the goods and the total amount owed. The billhead features a simple design with the business name prominently displayed and the location listed directly below. The text appears to be written in a clear and legible script.

Billhead from Guggenheimer & Co., wholesale dealers in staple and fancy dry goods, notions, boots, shoes, hats, carpeting, and trunks, located at 144 Main Street, Lynchburg, Virginia. Dated June 19, 1873. The billhead shows a transaction with Creasey & Bro. The billhead includes the names of the business owners: Max Guggenheimer, Jr., and Maurice Guggenheimer. The document is a form billhead with an ornate header and a handwritten date and amount.

Invoice from Guggenheimer & Co., importers and jobbers of dry goods and notions, mens hats, and millinery, located at 154 & 156 Main Street, Lynchburg, Virginia. Dated June 22, 1881. The bill lists several items, including quantities and prices. The transaction description is written in cursive. The bill is addressed to J. W. Robinson & Co. in Max Meadows, Virginia. The billhead is beautifully decorated with ornate Victorian lettering and a stylized image of the business's storefront, surrounded by ornate scrolls and text.

This billhead, dated November 26, 1881, records a transaction between Gutman Brothers, importers of hosiery, gloves, and men's furnishing goods located at 424 & 426 Broadway, New York, and buyer H.W. Underwood. The item details handwritten purchases of goods such as "B/hose" and "red o/ges," including quantities and prices. The document features ornate Victorian-style script for the business name, location, and the phrase "Bought of," while other text like the address and terms ("No Goods to be returned unless for IMPERFECTION," "Terms Net Cash") are in standard print. The billhead includes ruled lines typical of accounting documents from the period. **3.

Bill from H. & M. Marx, Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Staple and Fancy Dry Goods. Located at 73 Dauphin Street, Marion, Alabama. The bill is dated June 16, 1869. This billhead records a purchase of 2 yards of goods by W.B. Modawell. This billhead is handwritten with an elegant Victorian-style typeface.

Billhead from H. C. F. Koch & Co., importers and retailers of fancy and dry goods, suits, etc., located at West 125th Street, between Lenox and 7th Avenue, New York City. Dated January 2, 1896. The bill displays a list of purchases, likely for clothing or dry goods. It shows the store’s address and an image of the store's exterior, a large multi-story building. The billhead is printed with simple, classic typography.

Billhead from H. C. F. Koch, importers and retailers of fancy and dry goods, suits, etc. Dated July 2, 1894. The bill is for the purchase of an unspecified item by Mrs. Judith Lincoln. The billhead is printed with the business name, address, and a small illustration of the store. It is written in a clear, crisp, and simple style, typical of the period.

Billhead for H. Cohn, a dealer in general merchandise including lumber, posts and shakes, hay, grain, groceries, produce, hardware and crockery, dry goods, clothing, boots and shoes, hats and caps, California blankets, French, German, and fine English cutlery, and a fine line of fancy goods. The billhead includes a note about interest being charged at 1 percent per month on all bills after maturity. Dated July 3, 1895. The bill is for 39 # Barley, purchased by M. A. Diggs for $12.95, and notes 'Rec'd Payment' by C. H. Cohn.

Invoice from H. Goldschmidt & Co., located at 61 and 63 Asylum Street in Hartford, Connecticut, dated July 14, 1887. This invoice is for a purchase of goods by Walner and Clark, and lists the items, quantities, and prices. The invoice includes an itemized list of the transaction. The billhead has a printed header and includes a small stamp of the business's name. The billhead is dated in the upper right corner.

Invoice from H. Goldschmidt & Co., wholesalers and retailers of dry and fancy goods, notions, white goods, hosiery, and furnishing goods, located at 61 & 63 Asylum St., Hartford, Connecticut. Dated June 30, 1881. The bill lists an itemized purchase of “Will Hat”, “Lace Collar”, and “Shetland Shawls” by Grover Warner & Clark. The billhead is dated and includes the business address and a terms of payment field.

This itemized billhead was issued by H. Wertheimer (originally Seldner & Co.), Dealers in Dry Goods, located at No. 13 Main Street in Norfolk, Virginia, to Msrs. Drew, Pretlow, & Co. on June 6, 1867. The bill details a transaction for various dry goods, including "Cal. Print," "Summer Drill," "Duck," "Lawns," "Prints," "Coats Spools," "Cotton Hdkfs," and "Pr Shoes," with corresponding quantities, unit prices, and extended totals. The total amount due is $102.89, which includes freight charges. The document features ornate script for the buyer's name and the location, and standard serif font for the seller's business details. The printed business name "SELDNER & CO." is enclosed within a decorative border and has been crossed out, with "H. Wertheimer" handwritten above it, indicating a change in business name or management. A clause regarding claims is printed at the top. The verso contains handwritten notes including "Unpaid Seldner & Co. Bill." 3.

A billhead from Haas & Oppenheimer, a dry goods store located at the corner of Main and Soledad Streets, San Antonio, Texas. The bill is dated July 1, 1880, and is addressed to the Menger Hotel in San Antonio. The bill is handwritten and likely lists items purchased for the hotel by the business. The handwriting style is typical of the period and includes a detailed record of items purchased for the Menger Hotel.

Invoice from Haas & Oppenheimer, dealers in dry goods, clothing, hats, boots, shoes, and other items. Located on the corner of Main and Soledad Streets, San Antonio, Texas. Dated October 1, 1879. The bill details a series of purchases from the business by the Menger Hotel. The bill contains an itemized list of purchases, quantities, prices, and total amounts. The billhead is printed on plain paper with handwritten entries.

Billhead from Haas Bros., importers and dealers in books, stationery, fancy goods, toys, jewelry, baskets, perfumery, baby carriages, etc., located at Georgia St., cor. Sacramento, Vallejo, California. Dated August 2, 1875. A note on the billhead indicates that the business is affiliated with the Golden State Lodge #216. The billhead is printed with decorative borders. The business name is in a large, bold typeface with an ornate flourish.

This billhead from Henry Fuhrman, a jobber in Dry Goods, Notions, Boots, Shoes, and Gents' Furnishing Goods, records a transaction with Mr. John Stibal on March 8, 1882, in Fremont, Nebraska. The transaction includes the purchase of 12 pairs of grain shoes at 85 cents each for a total of $10.20, and 12 pairs of women's shoes at $1.00 each for a total of $12.00, bringing the grand total to $22.20. The terms of the sale were 90 days, and a note indicates "Back order." The billhead features an ornate Victorian-style design, including an illustration of a multi-story commercial building, likely the "Fuhrman Block," on the left side. The header also states, "All claims must be made within 5 days after receipt of goods, and all bills paid by draft on Chicago or New York."

Invoice dated November 12, 1872, from Henry Hyman, a wholesale and retail dealer in staple and fancy dry goods, clothing, boots & shoes, hats, trunks & valises, iron & steel, located in Silver City, Idaho Territory. The bill lists various items purchased by Owyhee Mining Co., including 2 cans of oil, 1 doz. of Chimmneys, 5 1/2 lbs of Ham, 7 1/3 lbs of Sugar, 5 lbs of Cinnamon, 1 lb of Cream Tartar, 1 keg of Pickles, 1 bag of Sack Coffee, 1 Whisk Broom, 12 6 tbs Gold Sugar, and 30 lbs of Tea. The billhead has a printed header, ornate lettering, and clear details of the business address and transaction.

Invoice from Herman, Winter & Co., wholesale dry goods dealers in clothing, boots, shoes, hats, and millinery, located at 88 South Market Street in Nashville, Tennessee. Dated November 1, 1881. The bill shows a transaction, likely for dry goods, for a customer identified as McDaniel, Thompson & Co. It lists items, quantities, prices, and total purchase amount. The billhead includes details of the company’s business, addresses, terms of payment, and location in New York and Boston. The billhead is printed with ornate lettering and a framed header.

Billhead of Heynemann & Co., importers and jobbers of British, French, German, and Domestic dry goods, carpets, etc., located at No. 5 Sansome Street, near Market, San Francisco. Dated April 23, 1877. The bill records a sale to N. S. Trowbridge & Company of Tybo, Nevada. The bill lists numerous items and their quantities, prices, and total cost in US Gold Coin. The billhead has ornate lettering and a framed header section.

Billhead from Heynemann & Co., importers and jobbers of British, French, German and Domestic Dry Goods, Carpets, and other items, located at No. 5 Sansome Street, near Market, San Francisco, California. Dated January 4, 1877. The billhead lists two items purchased, likely 2 1/4 comforters, by N. S. Trowbridge & Co., and indicates an amount owed of $2.50. The billhead features a printed header, with a decorative border surrounding the business information. It is printed in a Victorian-style script, with decorative embellishments to the lettering.

A billhead from Hirsh & Guggenheimer, dealers in foreign, domestic, and fancy dry goods. The business was located at 627 Broad Street in Richmond, Virginia, between 6th and 7th streets. The billhead is dated November 29, 1869, and lists an item purchased by a customer identified as “Mr Cox”. The transaction details include handwritten items, quantities, and prices. The billhead features a decorative border around the header and includes a statement that all claims must be made within three days of receipt of the goods.

Invoice from Hochstadter & Bro., importers and dealers in clothing, gents' furnishing goods, boots, shoes, hats, staple dry goods, duck, etc., located at the southwest corner of D and Second Streets, Marysville, California. Dated June 19, 1866. The bill is made payable in U.S. gold coin at par. The bill lists various items purchased, likely clothing or dry goods, by A. Cohn & Co. The billhead includes a printed company name with decorative elements, a prominent and clear business address, and notes that interest may be charged on sums after maturity. The billhead also includes a note that the business accepts payment in US gold coin.

Billhead of HOCHSTADTER & MARCUSE, successors to HOCHSTADTER & BRO. Importers and dealers in clothing, gents’ furnishing goods, boots, shoes, hats, staple dry goods, duck, etc. The business is located at the southwest corner of D and Second Streets. Dated October 11, 1869. The billhead has the name of the business, and their address, and a notation about the cost of interest that will be added to overdue accounts. It also includes a box for a stamp with the name ‘MARYSVILLE’ and a smaller box for a stamp that is not filled in.

A billhead from Hutzler Brothers, importers of fine dress silks, wraps, trimmings, and other items located at 212, 214, 216, 218 North Howard Street, Baltimore. Dated January 27, 1898. The bill likely lists the purchase of an item(s) from the business by Mrs. H. C. Croft, and includes an itemized list of the transaction. The billhead has a printed header with a detailed illustration of the store building and ornate lettering.

A billhead from Hyman & Reichenberg, wholesalers and retailers dealing in clothing, dry-goods, groceries, boots and shoes, liquors, tobacco, cigars, etc. in Silver City, Idaho. Dated January 1, 1868. The bill lists two purchases by W. P. Walbridge. The billhead includes an ornate vignette of a building with the word 'Orders' printed below it.

Billhead - 9/1/1870 Silver City, Idaho Territory - Hyman & Reichenberg - General Store.......selling items to the Owyhee Mining Co.. Note this BH has a different design than others in the collection. The bill lists a number of items purchased by the Owyhee Mining Co. at Hyman & Reichenberg, including groceries, tobacco, and other goods. There are handwritten annotations of quantities, prices, and totals.

This billhead is a printed document from I. Epstein & Bro., a dry goods store in Savannah, Georgia, dated April 2, 1892. The billhead shows a detailed list of items purchased, quantities, prices, and a total sum. The buyer name is likely M. J. Sturtevant, but it is difficult to confirm. The billhead displays an illustration of the store building, an ornate Victorian-style letterhead, and a company logo.

Statement of account from I. Epstein & Bro., wholesale dealers in staple and fancy dry goods, located at 130 Congress Street, Savannah, Georgia. Dated August 20, 1892. This billhead is a business document that details a financial transaction between a customer and a dry goods store. The billhead is well-designed and includes an image of a store facade and the business name. The decorative elements include a vignette featuring a building and a decorative frame.

Billhead from I. Oppenheimer & Co., dealers in dry goods, clothing, boots, shoes, and other items, located in Alabama. The billhead includes a handwritten date of 1/1/1865 and a handwritten signature from I. Oppenheimer, likely the proprietor or an employee of the business. The bill is likely for a purchase of clothing or other items by an individual named “J. Cragun,” and the billhead shows the total amount due in handwritten script. The billhead includes ornate Victorian-style lettering and borders. The paper has faint red lines.

A billhead from Isaac Marx, a dealer in dry goods, clothing, boots, shoes, etc. in Demopolis, Alabama. The billhead is dated January 18, 1877. The bill is a written message from Isaac Marx to E. C. Bailey. The transaction description is written in cursive. The billhead contains a small printed image of a horse-drawn carriage, which appears to be stylized in a Victorian-era style. The billhead also contains the text 'Always on Hand', which is likely a company slogan.

A billhead for J. & C. Levy & Co., a wholesale dealer in dry goods and clothing, located at D Street, in a Fireproof Building, opposite the United States Hotel, Marysville, California. The billhead is dated May 2, 1856, and lists the purchase of 2 dozen long rubber boots, 12 pieces of sheeting (583 yds.), and 4 dozen woolen socks for the sum of $167.78 by Thompson & Co. The billhead has a printed header and a decorative floral design with “Bought of” in an ornate script.

Invoice from J. Hildesheimer, a dealer in staple and fancy dry goods, silks, embroideries, ribbons, clothing, boots, shoes, trunks, valises, hats, caps, family groceries, and other goods, in Greensboro, N. C., dated April 12, 1862. This bill is made out to Mary Meachum, and is for a total of $3.30. The billhead has a printed header with ornate lettering and the business name in bold. The invoice shows a list of items sold to the customer and their prices.

This billhead from J. Mandlebaum & Sons, successors to Stern & Mandlebaum, details a transaction with M. Cutter, Kingston & Co. dated October 16, 1885, in Hartford, Connecticut. The invoice lists various fancy goods and notions, including safety pins, damask, cupboard braid, fancy edge braid, bone crochet hooks, tape measures, ladies silk goods, red working cotton, Ruth file counts, Art, mending cotton, and Woolly Dell Germantown yarn, along with their respective quantities, unit prices, and extended totals. The billhead features prominent, ornate Victorian-style typography for the business names, a small decorative emblem for "Telephone Connection," and a printed statement that "All Claims to be made within Five Days from Receipt of Goods." **3.

Invoice from J. S. Rosenfeld, a dry goods dealer located at 59-61 North Street, Pittsfield, Massachusetts. Dated November 6, 1884. The bill lists two purchases: “Drawers” and “hose.” The billhead includes a printed header, a business name, a list of goods sold, and a total amount of $9.50. The business address is in the upper right corner of the billhead. The bill contains a statement that all claims must be made within three days after delivery of goods.

Invoice from J. S. Rosenfeld, dry goods merchant, located at 61 North Street, Pittsfield, Massachusetts. Dated September 29, 1882. The bill lists several items purchased by C. K. Brewster of Worthington, Massachusetts. The billhead displays an address and business name at the top, followed by a section for an itemized list of the transaction, and a section detailing payment terms. The billhead has an ornate border at the top and bottom.

Invoice from J. W. Davidson & Co., importers of foreign and domestic dry goods, located at 101 & 103 Kearny St., San Francisco. Dated September 28, 1875. The billhead features a large, detailed illustration of the

Billhead from J. W. Davidson & Co., importers of foreign & domestic dry goods, located at 101 & 103 Kearny St, NW Cor. Post, San Francisco. The bill lists items purchased by R. G. By & Lee, with a total of $711.1/4. The billhead features an image of a building labeled “The White House” with the date 1870 above the entrance, indicating it is an establishment of the J. W. Davidson & Co. The billhead includes ornate lettering and a decorative border surrounding the company name and address.

This billhead is from J. Waxelbaum & Co., a wholesale and retail dry goods, clothing, boots, shoes, and carpet store located in Americus, Georgia. The document is dated August 24, 1885. The billhead has a printed header with the company name, location, and business type printed in black ink. There is a handwritten note to the buyer, Eagle & Phenix Manufacturing Co. The billhead is in a typical Victorian-style format.

Billhead for J. Waxelbaum & Co., wholesalers and retailers of dry goods, clothing, boots, shoes, and carpets, located in Americus, Georgia. Dated March 2, 1885. The bill includes a handwritten note, possibly referring to a transaction with the Eagle and Phoenix Manufacturing Co. in Columbus, Georgia. The billhead includes an ornate Victorian-style lettering. The company has a New York City office at 309 & 311 Canal Street.

Invoice from Jos. Brooks, a wholesale and retail dealer in general merchandise, located in Silver City, Idaho Territory. The bill is dated October 31, 1872, and lists a variety of items purchased by Ouyhu & Co. The invoice shows the dates of purchase and the prices of various items. The billhead features a decorative border around the header section, which includes a description of the business's offerings.

Billhead for Jos. Frankland & Co., jobbers in dry goods, notions, and other goods. Located at 46 Public Square, Nashville, Tennessee. Dated April 3, 1883. The bill is addressed to Robert Williams and lists a series of purchases by quantity and price. The billhead uses a standard format and includes the company name in ornate text.

Billhead for Jos. Frankland & Co., jobbers in dry goods, notions, and other items. Located at 46 Public Square, Nashville, Tennessee. The bill is dated April 3, 1883 and includes an itemized list of the transaction for Robert Williams. The billhead is printed on thin paper and includes a framed header with the business name and address.

Billhead for Jos. Rosenfield & Co., jobbers in dry goods, shoes, hats, notions, and other goods. Located at 88 and 90 Franklin Street, Clarksville, Tennessee. Dated November 19, 1896. This bill is made out to M.J. Kalliberton. The billhead features a lithograph of the store's facade.

Invoice from Joseph Lippman, a dry-goods merchant, located at Owen's Building, Congress Street, facing the Market, in Savannah, Georgia. Dated February 5, 1849. The bill lists a purchase of 12 and 3 pairs of pants for a total cost of $14. The billhead has a printed header that advertises the store's stock of foreign and domestic dry goods at wholesale and retail.

Billhead from Joseph Lippman, dealer in foreign and domestic fancy and staple dry goods, at wholesale prices. Located at Owen's Building, Congress Street, facing the Market, Savannah, Georgia. Dated January 1, 1848. The bill contains a list of items purchased by Mr. Sprinkle, and the total amount due. The billhead is printed with ornate lettering.

A billhead from Joseph Schiffman, a dealer in dry goods, groceries, and crockery, located in Gainesville, Alabama, dated October 1, 1877. The bill details a statement of account for Mifs Josiah Wrenn, listing purchases made between February and September 1877, including women's shoes, a water bucket, children's hose, and glass shoes, with a total of $5.25 for these listed items. The item features ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name and location, a decorative "BOUGHT OF" logo, and various decorative borders and lines typical of the period. Handwritten notes indicate payment was received on October 7, 1877.

Billhead from Joshua Schnurman, a jobber and wholesale dealer in American, English, French, and German fancy goods, hosiery, gloves, ribbons, laces, combs, suspenders, threads, and every variety of buttons and trimmings. Located at No. 9 East Hamilton Street, Allentown, Pennsylvania. The billhead is dated February 22, 1865 and is made out to the Lehigh County Poor House. The billhead features a decorative border, ornate lettering, and the business name printed in a bold font.

Billhead for a purchase from Kaufman & Straus, dealers in dry goods and notions, located at 730-736 Jefferson St., Louisville, Kentucky, dated June 28, 1883. The bill lists items purchased by R. B. Webster, including 3 yards of silk, 1 yard of gingham, 5 yards of calico, and 2 yards of crinoline. The billhead also has the words 'Received Payment' with a signature at the bottom.

Billhead for Klopman & Fellman, wholesale and retail dealers in staple and fancy dry goods, located at 155 & 157 Tremont Street, Galveston, Texas. Dated October 28, 1876. The bill lists the purchase of 6 blankets for $21. The billhead features a woodcut illustration of a building, possibly their store, and uses ornate Victorian-style lettering.

Bill from Kohn, Furchgott & Benedict, importers and dealers in Foreign and Domestic Dry Goods, Cloaks, Shawls, Hosiery, Notions, and Ribbons, located at No. 275 King Street, Charleston, South Carolina. The billhead lists items purchased by J. D. Appleman, including 21 1/2 blankets and 29 1/2 matting. The billhead also indicates that the company has additional locations in Jacksonville, Florida and New York City. The date of the transaction is December 31, 1885. The billhead has decorative elements including a border around the company name.

Billhead from Kohn, Furchgott & Co., importers and dealers in foreign and domestic dry goods, carpets, cloaks, shawls, hosiery, notions, ribbons, and ladies and gentlemen's furnishing goods. The business is located at No. 259 King Street, Charleston, South Carolina. The billhead is dated January 28, 1889. The buyer is J. Charleston S. C. Jauey. The billhead features an image of a corset, ornate Victorian-style lettering, and a list of branches for the business in Jacksonville, Florida and New York City.

Invoice from Kuhn, Netter & Co., importers and wholesale dealers in dry goods, gents' furnishing goods, and clothing. Located at the N. E. Corner 3rd & Vine Sts. Opp. Burnet House, Cincinnati, Ohio. Dated December 26, 1863. The invoice lists a transaction for 1 pc blk cloth and 2 corset screws. The billhead features a detailed illustration of the business storefront and ornate lettering in a Victorian style.

Billhead from Kuhn, Netter & Co., Importers & Wholesale Dealers in Dry Goods, Gents Furnishing Goods & Clothing. The billhead is dated February 18, 1868. It lists an itemized account, likely for clothing or fabrics, for the buyer, Beam & Jay. The bill includes the address: N. E. Corner 3rd & Vine Sts, opp. Burnet House, Cincinnati, Ohio. It also includes a detailed illustration of the company's brick storefront and details of the business in ornate Victorian-style lettering.

Invoice from Kuhn, Netter & Co., importers and wholesale dealers in dry goods, gents furnishing goods, and clothing, located at N.E. Corner 3rd & Vine Sts. Opp. Burnet House, Cincinnati, Ohio. Dated November 4, 1863. The bill lists the purchase of various items including cloth, C. W. and Shawls, by Beam & Jay. The billhead depicts an ornate Victorian-style building with a large, detailed storefront and printed text. It is bordered by a printed ruled ledger section.

A billhead from L. & H. HERZOG, dealers in staple and fancy dry goods, boots, shoes, and plantation supplies. Located at 296 Main Street, Memphis, Tennessee, the store is noted as being “next door to Wasson’s Drug Store”. Dated May 18, 1864. The bill records a purchase of “2 yd Ribbon” and “1/2 yd Elastic”, totaling $2.15. The buyer, L. James, likely paid cash for the goods. The billhead has simple lines and an elegant printed header with the name and address of the business and the type of items sold.

Statement of account from L. Cohen, a dealer in dry goods, clothing, furnishing goods, carpets, blankets and trunks, located in Georgetown, Colorado. Dated June 8, 1886, this bill lists multiple purchases made by J. S. Randall, and totals 76.26. The billhead is handwritten and contains detailed information on the transactions, including dates and prices. It is signed by L. Cohen.

Invoice from L. J. Levy & Co., importers and dealers in fancy and staple dry goods, located at No. 134 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Dated April 10, 1852. The bill lists several items, quantities, and prices for the purchase of dry goods by an unknown buyer. The handwritten billhead features ornate lettering and is well-preserved.

Billhead from L. J. Levy & Co., importers and dealers in fancy and staple dry goods located at 134 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. Dated June 11, 1852. The bill is addressed to Mrs. Col. Davenport. The bill includes items purchased from Levy & Co., their costs, and an addition of the amounts to arrive at the final amount. This document is a statement of account.

Billhead from L. J. Levy & Co., importers and dealers in fancy and staple dry goods, located at 134 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. Dated June 25, 1852. The bill lists the purchase of 'White Cotton Hose' and 'Embroidered Mantilla' by Mrs. Col. Davenport. The billhead features a simple, understated layout with the business name printed at the top.

Billhead from L. Moke, dealer in groceries, dry goods, hardware, crockery, wooden and willow ware, boots, shoes and hats, located on Military Plaza, opposite the Old Court House, San Antonio, Texas. The bill is dated June 1, 1878, and lists a purchase of 140 pounds of buffalo meat for $14.00 from the Menger Hotel. The billhead features ornate Victorian-style lettering. The billhead header includes a company logo, a business address, and a description of the business.

Billhead from L. S. Pepper, dealer in dry goods, groceries, gentlemen's furnishing goods, hats, caps, boots, shoes, notions, ribbons, laces, etc., located in Hallettsville, Texas. Dated January 14, 1879. The bill is an itemized record of purchases made by N. & L. Valentine. The total amount owed is listed at the bottom, with the final amount scribbled above it. The bill is very faded and in poor condition, with a great deal of the text illegible. The handwriting is very small. The billhead is on letterhead with no decorative elements.

Bill from L. Wolfson, a dealer in dry goods, hats, boots and shoes, clothing, gents' furnishing, furniture, carpets, matting, crockery, glassware, and other items, located on the Main Plaza, San Antonio, Texas. Dated May 24, 1884, the bill shows the purchase of one walnut table by Colora Santos. The total cost is listed as $4.00, and the bill is marked “Paid” with the signature of L. Wolfson. This billhead has an ornate Victorian-style lettering. The header features an engraved image of a three-story brick building, likely Wolfson's store, with the name of the business printed in a large, bold font and additional details about their location, merchandise, and New York office.

Deposit slip from Leon & H. Blum, wholesale dealers in staple and fancy dry goods, hats, boots, and shoes, located at Bank Buildings, Strand, Galveston, Texas. Dated February 28, 1870. The bill lists deposits made to the business by M.P. Hart & Co., an associated business. The deposit slip is printed on heavy, off-white paper with the company's logo and address in black. Leon H. Blum is overprinted in red.

Deposit slip from Leon & H. Blum, importers and wholesale dealers in staple and fancy dry goods, located at Bank Buildings, Strand, Galveston, Texas. Dated March 10, 1870. The deposit slip lists a deposit from BLUM, LEON / BLUM, H. and includes an itemized list of the transaction. The billhead has a printed header and clear details of the business address and transaction.

Billhead for Leon & H. Blum, merchants located in Galveston, Texas, dated November 22, 1880. The bill is addressed to F. Prug, in San Diego, California. The billhead lists a total owed amount of $100.36 with two charges. The first charge is for merchandise and the second charge is for less, and likely related to returned merchandise. The billhead is written in cursive script and includes printed lines for the account details.

Billhead for Leon & H. Blum, wholesale dealers in staple and fancy dry goods, hats, boots & shoes, notions, etc. located at Corner Mechanic & 24th Sts, Galveston, Texas. Dated October 4, 1889. The bill lists the purchase of a

Invoice from Leonard Eliel, dealer in clothing, dry goods, carpets, wall papers, boots, shoes, hats & caps, blankets, quilts, and gents’ furnishings, located in Dillon, Montana. The date is February 1, 1886, and the buyer is Edward Bloomer. The invoice details the purchase of multiple items of various quantities and costs. The billhead features ornate Victorian-style lettering. It has a detailed description of the goods sold by Leonard Eliel.

Billhead for Levi Strauss & Co., Importers of Dry Goods and Sole Manufacturers of Patent Riveted Clothing, located at 14 & 16 Battery Street, San Francisco, California. Dated March 18, 1885. The bill lists a variety of items purchased by Rosenberg Bros. in Nevada City, California, likely for a retail store. The billhead features a detailed company logo with an ornate font and a description of the business's main products and services.

Billhead for Levy & Davis, successors to Levy Brothers, wholesale and retail dealers in staple and fancy dry goods, carpets and oil cloths, baby carriages, baskets, and toys. Located at 1017 & 1019 Main Street, Richmond, Virginia. Dated March 1, 1890. The bill lists an item purchased by Geo. B. Finch, likely for the business. The billhead has a printed header with a list of goods sold by the business. The header is framed with a thick, ornate border.

Invoice from Levy Bros. & Co., jobbers and retail dealers in dry goods, carpets, and notions. The business had locations in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, and Scranton, Pennsylvania. The invoice is dated July 28, 1881, and is for a purchase of “Matting” by George R. Wright, of Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania. The billhead displays a printed header and includes the addresses of the business.

Billhead from Levy Brothers, wholesale and retail dealers in Staple and Fancy Dry Goods, located at Nos. 1213 and 1215 Main Street, Richmond, Virginia. Dated July 6, 1870. The bill lists an item purchased by R. F. P. R. for the Hot Hotel at Junction. The billhead features a revenue stamp indicating a tax on the transaction. The bill lists quantities, prices, and an amount paid for the items, including table cloths, doy napkins, towels, and 18 1/4 yards of crash.

This billhead for Lewis Wald & Co., Importers of Hosiery, Furnishing Goods & Notions, records a transaction dated May 20, 1879, with M. West & Son. The document features a prominent "BOUGHT" logo in a decorative cartouche, ornate Victorian-style script for the location, date, and buyer's name, and a stylized font for the business name. Handwritten entries detail "This Invoice 188" for an amount of 2.10, with a payment of 1.98 and a credit or adjustment of 0.12, resulting in a balance of 1.86. The bill also states "Terms Net Cash" and confirms payment to "Lewis Wald & Co." 3.

Billhead from Louis Cohen & Co., dealers in Foreign & Domestic Dry Goods, Notions, and Fancy Goods. The business was located at 248 King Street, Charleston, South Carolina. The billhead is dated May 1, 1886, and contains a transaction record that is not completely visible. The billhead features two women in corsets, and the logo “Regal” is prominently displayed. Ornate lettering and stylized text are used throughout the billhead.

Billhead - Louis Scharff, Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Staple & Fancy Dry Goods, located at 31 Washington Street, Vicksburg, Mississippi. Dated June 29, 1866. The bill was written to J. O. Simmons, likely for the purchase of dry goods items. The billhead has a framed header with the business's name and services, including Clothing, Hats, Caps, Gents' Furnishing Goods, Carpets, Queensware, Groceries, and Plantation Supplies. The bill also notes that cotton is bought for cash at the highest market prices. The billhead has ornate lettering and is set within a decorative border. The total cost of the goods listed is $11.60 3/10.

Invoice from Louis Stix & Co., dealers in dry goods, notions, cloaks, manttillas, and women's goods, located at West Third, Race & Union Streets, Cincinnati, Ohio. Dated May 7, 1867. The invoice lists the purchase of numerous items likely related to dry goods, notions, or clothing. It also includes detailed calculations of the transaction, a printed revenue stamp, and a handwritten signature of “Paid Louis Stix & Co.” The billhead includes a lithographic image of a building with ornate Victorian-style lettering.

Invoice from LOUIS STIX & CO., dealers in dry goods, notions, cloaks, mantillas & c.& c. , located at West Third, Race & Union Streets, Cincinnati, Ohio. Dated August 19, 1866. The bill lists the purchase of various items by John Rick, including: 1/2 doz. of 'Jenny Birds' for $7; 1 'Shirtfront' for $.50; 3 1/2 'Corners' for $1.75; 2 'Gar. Shoot' for $1.50; 1 1/2 'Needles' for $.50; 1/2 'Pins' for $.25; and 1 1/4 'Ins Eyes' for $1.25. The total cost of the purchase was $7.75. The invoice is dated Aug. 19, 1866 and is signed by Louis Stix & Co., the billhead is ornately decorated with an illustration of the business's storefront, has printed headers, and includes an embossed revenue stamp.

This billhead details a transaction from Louis Stix & Co., Importers & Wholesale Dealers in Foreign & Domestic Staple & Fancy Dry Goods, located at No 164 Main Street, Between Fourth & Fifth East Side, Cincinnati, Ohio, dated August 25, 1864. The bill is addressed to Mr. John Rick and itemizes various dry goods purchased, including Naps, Damask, Spool Thread, Marseilles Skirtforms, Clo. Shoelaces, Irish Linen, Jeans, and Broad. The document features an ornate Victorian-style header with elaborate lettering for the business name and description, and a decorative circular seal outlining their return policy. A blue U.S. Internal Revenue stamp is affixed to the document. **3.

This billhead from Louis Stix & Co., Dealers in Dry Goods, Notions, Cloaks, and Mantillas, documents a transaction with Mr. Jno Rick on August 31, 1870. The invoice lists various dry goods items, including yarn, needles, thread, prints, and carpet chain, with specified quantities and prices, totaling $128.65, with a final payment received of $128.36. The document features a detailed lithographic illustration of the Louis Stix & Co. store building and the company name displayed in ornate Victorian-style lettering. A U.S. revenue stamp is affixed to the lower left corner.

Invoice from Louis Stix & Co., dealers in dry goods, notions, cloaks, and manttillas, located at West Third, Race & Union Streets, Cincinnati, Ohio. Dated July 1, 1870. The bill lists several items purchased by J. Rick, including 'Lawndale Cambric,' 'Muslin,' 'Cassimere Jeans,' and 'Goods.' The bill includes a handwritten calculation and total, and a revenue stamp. The billhead features an illustration of the business's building, ornate lettering, and a decorative header.

This billhead for Louis Stix & Co., Importers & Wholesale Dealers in Foreign & Domestic Staple & Fancy Dry Goods, is dated March 13, 1865. It records a transaction with Mr. E. E. C. for various dry goods, including spools, "Foods," linen, "Embre Cottmade," "C b," "Fancy Tweed," and "Cont g Net," totaling $158.31. The bill is marked as "Paid" and features a 3-cent U.S. revenue stamp. The billhead design includes elegant Victorian-style calligraphy for the business name and location, with an ornate oval frame detailing terms for deductions and returns within five days of receipt.

This billhead from M. G. & J. Cohen, Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Dry Goods, Clothing, Shoes, Hats, Carpets, Notions, Etc., located at Nos. 1 & 2 Deupree Block, Athens, Ga., is dated February 13, 1884. It details a transaction with M. J. Robinson for 5½ yards of ticking at $6.24 and 1 pair of shoes at $1.59, totaling $7.83, which was paid. The item features ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name, location, and date, along with clear printed text outlining their extensive product range. 3.

Invoice from M. Hutzler & Son, dealers in embroideries, laces, dress trimmings, hosiery, gloves, and a general stock of fancy goods, located at 71 North Howard Street, Corner Clay Street, Baltimore, Maryland. Dated September 28, 1864. The bill is for goods purchased by George Koonce & Son, and includes a list of items with quantities, prices, and totals. The billhead has a printed header section and the business' address, with a smaller section for customer details.

Billhead of M. Joseph, a jobber of dry goods and millinery, located at 87 & 88 Broad Street, Columbus, Georgia. Dated December 10, 1888. The bill was likely for a purchase of dry goods or millinery from M. Joseph, possibly by Eagle & Phenix Manufacturing Co. The billhead features the business's name and address within a decorative banner and includes a note indicating that all remittances must be prepaid.

This billhead from M. Meyer & Co., manufacturers of ladies' scarfs, fichus, bows, and novelties in ladies' neck wear, located at 95 Mercer Street, New York, records a transaction on September 4, 1873. The item purchased by M. C. Hood & Co. is listed as "6 doz Scarf fichus" with a total of 28.50. The document features an ornate masthead with "M. MEYER & CO." in decorative lettering and details about their products. The date and the buyer's name "Mssrs M C Hood & Co" are handwritten in script.

Bill from M. Meyer & Co., dealers in Dry Goods, Clothing, Fancy Goods, and Millinery, located on Broad Street, Selma, Alabama. Dated February 4, 1861. The bill lists the purchase of 1 parasol, 1 pair of shoes, and 2 trimmings, by L. Smith. The billhead has a printed header, ornate lettering, and clear details of the business address and transaction.

Billhead for M. Oppenheim, a dry goods merchant in Edna, Texas. Dated September 7, 1891. The bill states that V. A. Atkisson purchased an item(s) for Lillie Hoglewood. The billhead lists a variety of items sold by the business, including dry goods, notions, clothing, carpets, matting, hats, caps, boots, shoes, and gents' select furnishing goods.

This billhead from Macy & Co., located at 190 Sixth Avenue in New York, dated February 19, 1867, documents the sale of merchandise to Mr. W. L. Williams. The transaction includes 2 dozen cans of cherries for $18.00 and 1 dozen cans of pears for $0.75, totaling $18.75. The document also serves as a payment receipt, indicated by "Rec Payment Macy & Co. Per H. G. Walker" inscribed at the bottom. The billhead features elegant calligraphic script for the date and the buyer's name, with a decorative "Bought of" preceding the prominent "MACY & CO.," name, which is presented in a bold serif font.

Billhead for MANN, WALDMAN & CO., wholesale and retail dealers in foreign and domestic dry goods, cloths, silks, shawls, embroideries, hosiery, etc. The business also manufactures cloaks and mantillas. Located at 44, 46 & 48 South Pearl Street, Albany. Dated October 3, 1863. The bill lists 1 Rem Silk for $98.00. The billhead features an ornamental border, decorative script, and a 'PEDLERS COUNTRY MERCHANTS SUPPLIED AT NY PRICES' stamp. The bill also has a small tax stamp.

Billhead for Mary Lewy, dealer in dry goods, millinery, notions, mattings, rugs, and shoes, located at 175 Broad Street, Eufaula, Alabama. The bill states payment received of $3,720.00 from Congregation B'nai B'rith on account of a note. The billhead is printed on ruled paper with vertical columns for line items. The document includes handwritten entries for the amount received and buyer's name. The billhead is dated April 16, 1900.

Invoice from Menken Brothers & Co., importers and wholesale dealers of planters' goods, located at No. 237, Corner Main & Court Streets, Memphis, Tennessee. The bill is dated June 7, 1864, and lists a purchase of Dry Goods by Lou James. The transaction is recorded at a price of 4.20. The billhead features the company's logo and address in ornate red lettering.

Billhead for a purchase by Mr. Bushnell from Milius Frank, a dealer in dry goods, silks, shawls, housekeeping goods, hosiery, etc. located at 327 Chapel Street, New Haven, Connecticut. The billhead is dated April 10, 1872. It includes an itemized list of purchases and their prices, likely for textiles or household goods. The billhead features a printed header in a stylized Victorian font. The purchase total is clearly recorded at the bottom of the bill, with the receipt of payment noted. The billhead indicates that Mr. Bushnell paid for his purchase, likely with cash. The billhead displays a standard 19th-century format with an emphasis on clarity.

Billhead from Milius Frank, dealer in Dry Goods, Silks, Shawls, Housekeeping Goods, Hosiery, etc., located at 327 Chapel Street, New Haven, Connecticut. The bill is dated July 19, 1880 and lists a purchase of items from the business by Bushnell & Blin. The transaction includes a list of items purchased and their prices. The billhead has a printed header, ornate lettering, and clear details of the business address and transaction.

This billhead from Monheimer Bros., wholesale and retail dealers in dry goods, gents' furnishing goods, fancy goods, carpets, linoleums, oil cloths, and matting, is dated February 1, 1884, in Leadville, Colorado. It is addressed to Mrs. H. H. Tomkins and notes a "Bill rendered last month" for $6.60. The reverse side bears a "PAID" stamp dated "FEB 1 1884 H.H.Tomkins & Co.". The item features ornate Victorian-style lettering for "MONHEIMER BROS." and includes details like their P.O. Box and a note that "All Bills Payable on the First of the Month." 3.

Billhead from Morris & Levy, dealers in fancy and staple dry goods, carpets, oil cloth, and wall paper, located in Eureka, Nevada. The billhead is dated October 9, 1884, and includes a handwritten entry for a transaction that totals $4.90. The billhead displays a handwritten signature by P. Hjul. The billhead has an ornate, handwritten header with a decorative frame.

Billhead from Morris & Levy, importers and dealers in fancy and staple dry goods, carpets, oilcloth, and wall paper, located in Eureka, Nevada. The bill was purchased by P. Hjul on September 9, 1884. It includes a single line item of “Cassimer” and a handwritten price of $1.75. The billhead features a simple format with a bold, centered header and is printed on standard, white paper.

Billhead from Moses & Co., importers and jobbers of dry goods and manufacturers of clothing and cloaks, located at 126 Main Street, Cincinnati, Ohio. Dated April 15, 1869. The bill details a purchase of goods by S. & M. Rugger. The bill includes an itemized list of the purchase, with prices and quantities for

This billhead documents a transaction between Moses Cohen & Sons, a dry goods merchant in Baltimore, Maryland, and Messrs. Jones Bros. of Front Royal, Virginia, on December 20, 1889. The item lists the purchase of various fabrics including Bolton Sidecia, Androscoggin Sattern, Pepperell, Exeter Gingham, and Lancaster, with a total cost of $18.85. The billhead features the business name "MOSES COHEN & SONS" in a prominent block-letter style, with an ornate "Bought of" flourish. A red stamped message on the left side reads: "Claims for errors, correction of prices or terms, must be made AT ONCE, or bills settled as rendered. Goods sold".

Billhead - Mrs. J. Sheyer & Co., dealers in fancy and staple dry goods, located at the North-East corner of Carson and Spear Streets, Carson City, Nevada. Dated August 1, 1876. The bill lists a payment made by the Virginia & Truckee Railroad for $7.00 for the month of July. The billhead includes a company logo, an ornate border and decorative Victorian lettering.

Billhead for Mrs. S. Moos, a retailer of dry goods, notions, ladies' dress goods, and other unspecified items located in Seguin, Texas. The billhead includes the slogan “Bought Here” and a statement about the business’s payment terms. It shows an itemized list of the transaction, likely for items purchased by Lizzie Wiseman on July 9, 1887. The billhead has a decorative logo and a standard layout with a header and a section for transaction details.

Billhead from N. M. Uri, a wholesale and retail dealer of dry goods, clothing, notions, boots, shoes, and other items, located at No. 39 Broadway, Paducah, Kentucky. Dated March 1, 1871. This invoice records the purchase of 13 yards of calico, 2 spools of thread, 3 spools of balling, and 1/4 yard of ribbon for a total of $3.20. The transaction is marked as paid. The billhead is a simple printed form with a handwritten notation of the transaction. The text appears to be in typical script handwriting, with a distinct cursive style. It also notes “Received Payment” and that it was paid for in cash.

Billhead from Neumegen, Zacharias & Co., wholesale and retail dealers in dry goods, clothing, etc. Located at the corner of Main and Texas Streets, Vernon, Texas. The bill is dated December 31, 1890, and lists a purchase by A. L. Lonig. It includes an itemized list of goods purchased with quantities and prices, and a balance due. The business’s addresses in New York, Gainesville, and Weatherford, Texas are also included. The billhead features a printed header with the business name and address in a decorative font. The business name is also printed below in a bold, gothic typeface.

This billhead from Newwitter, Strassburg & Co., Importers and Jobbers in New York, is addressed to Miss C. McAllister & Son in St. Johnsville, NY, and dated May 26, 1882. It lists items purchased, including "1 ga March Fb", "Theral", and "1 1/2 dozen Bead Gimp," with corresponding quantities and prices. The total amount due is $27.39 after a discount. The billhead features an elaborate company logo depicting a building with "RAPID TRANSIT" above it, and the business name is rendered in ornate Victorian-style lettering. The document also includes ruled lines for accounting and states "ALL CLAIMS TO BE MADE WITHIN 5 DAYS AFTER RECEIPT OF GOODS" and "All Bills not paid when due are subject to Drafts." 3.

Billhead for Pioneer Co-Operative Company, a wholesaler and retailer of dry goods, groceries, liquors, and other items, located in Columbus, Georgia. Dated March 21, 1882. The bill indicates a purchase of goods, likely from the Pioneer Co-Operative Company, by Leo H. Thompson. The billhead is an ornate, printed form, with a prominent graphic depicting the building where the company is located and a detailed listing of the items purchased and the amount.

Billhead - POLLACK COMPANY, Wholesale & Retail Dry Goods in Montgomery, Alabama. ....14,16,18, & 20 Court Square,.....3/12/1892. listed an office at 21 Wooster St., NYC Pollak & Co., a wholesale and retail dry goods business operating out of Montgomery, Alabama during the late 19th century. The business was established by Samuel Pollak (who immigrated to New York from Austria in the 1860s) and his brother, Ignatius Pollak (born Ignaz Pollak). Samuel , who converted to Christianity died in 1883. Ignatius Pollak (born Ignaz Pollak, 1854-1915) was an incredibly wealthy Austrian-Jewish immigrant who became a highly influential entrepreneurial force in post-Civil War Alabama. After arriving in America, he built an extensive network of commercial investments: Retail Pioneer: Operating alongside his brother Samuel in Montgomery, Ignatius helped manage Pollak & Co. Wholesale & Retail Dry Goods, which revolutionized regional commerce by being among the first to successfully master the "dollar store" model in the South. " Industrialist & Real Estate Tycoon: Following Samuel's tragic drowning in 1883, Ignatius diversified heavily. He incorporated the Alabama Bitumen Company and established Cullman Properties. His real estate holdings grew so massive that his family maintained lavish residences across Cullman, Birmingham, Montgomery, and New York. " Civic Leader: He was a primary driver of modernizing local infrastructure, investing deeply in early municipal utilities like electric lighting systems. " Progressive Family: His wealth and status provided a platform for his family's progressive civic involvement. His wife, Helene Pollak, went on to become a prominent leader in the Alabama women's suffrage movement, serving as the president of the Cullman Equal Suffrage Association Ignatius Pollak was a prominent Austrian-Jewish immigrant who maintained a deep commitment to his heritage while building a business empire in the American South. In 1876, he married his wife, Helene, within the traditional framework of the Central European Jewish community in Miskolc, Hungary, before emigrating to the United States. While operating his business in Montgomery, Alabama, Pollak and his family actively integrated into the local Jewish landscape, which was anchored by the historic Temple Beth Or congregation. Despite later moving to Cullman, Alabama-a rigid agricultural colony founded primarily for German-Christian immigrants-Pollak successfully preserved his faith and traditions. He raised his children, Robert Raphael and Charlotte Leah, with a dedication to their Jewish heritage despite their geographic isolation from major Jewish population centers. Living as wealthy, highly respected German-speaking Jewish elites, the Pollak family stood out as prominent exceptions in the settlement, maintaining their distinct cultural and religious identity from their grand Cullman estate, "Borkenau."

Billhead from R. & B. Block, dealers in dry goods, hosiery, notions, clothing, boots, shoes, hats, hardware, queensware, and groceries. Located in Wittsburg, Arkansas. Dated July 23, 1877. The billhead shows an itemized list of purchases made by Thomas L. Slaudley. The billhead includes a printed header with the business's name and a decorative border. It appears to be a letter written to the business or an invoice. There are multiple items listed for purchase, including various quantities of groceries, clothing, and other items. The billhead is handwritten, with an ornate style of lettering. It has a decorative border along the top and bottom.

Invoice from Ralph Moss & Co., sellers of staple and fancy dry goods, millinery goods, embroideries, etc., located at 207 Battery Street, (up stairs), San Francisco, California. The bill is dated March 23, 1866, and is payable in US Gold coin. The bill was likely sold to A. Cohen and lists a long list of goods and services including silk, taffeta, buttons, and thread. Some prices are listed, but the total price is not. This invoice includes a handwritten list on both sides.

Billhead from Reinhart & Bro., wholesale and retail dealers in staple and fancy dry goods, clothing, boots, shoes, etc. The billhead lists the purchase of several items, such as silk, cotton, and various fabrics, in quantities and prices. The date is not available, but the billhead is dated in the top right corner as 1856 and lists the business address as 1st Street, Third Door from Corner of D, Marysville, California.

Billhead for a transaction from Rice, Stix & Co., dealers in dry goods, boots and shoes, notions, and furnishing goods, located at 207 Main Street, Memphis, Tennessee. The date of the transaction is October 21, 1864. The bill lists several items, including a balance, a quantity of

Statement from Rowe, Rosenberg & Co., wholesalers in dry goods, located at the corner of Market Street and First Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Dated October 14, 1876. The bill details purchases made by Charles Johnson, located in Rochester, New York, from April 1876 to October 1876. It lists several items purchased, including whiskey, with associated quantities and prices. The billhead features a printed header with the company name, address, and a small decorative flourish. The billhead is written in a formal and legible cursive script.

Billhead for S. Block & Son's Dry Goods Emporium, located in Platteville, Wisconsin. Dated January 3, 1877, the bill lists a series of purchases made by J. Karrmann throughout the preceding year, starting from March 14, 1876. The items include various dry goods, such as calico, buttons, thread, silk, eggs, oil, and clothing. The billhead features a decorative banner with the business name and a detailed list of purchases, including dates and prices.

Invoice from S. Deutsch & Co., a dealer in staple and fancy dry goods, clothing, boots and shoes, hats and gents' furnishings, located at the corner of Main Plaza and Commerce Street in San Antonio, Texas. Dated August 2, 1875, the bill was for 28 yards of damask, likely purchased by Mrs. W.A. Menger. The billhead features an ornate, handwritten heading and a printed business name and address.

Invoice from S. Deutsch & Co., a dry goods and clothing store located at No. 276 and 278 West Commerce Street, San Antonio, Texas. Dated January 4, 1888. The billhead lists an itemized list of purchases made by F. J. Hart, with prices, quantities, and item descriptions. The total amount for the purchase is $116.60, with details of the payment. The billhead includes a company logo, decorative headers, and ornate lettering.

Invoice from S. Hyman, a wholesale and retail dealer in staple and fancy dry goods, located at the corner of Superior Street and Public Square, Cleveland, Ohio. The invoice is dated January 10, 1866, and is addressed to Mrs. C. I. Giltell. The invoice is marked 'Paid' and signed by S. Hyman. The billhead lists a variety of goods sold, including Irish linens, handkerchiefs, tablecloths, napkins, and Yankee notions. The billhead features a company logo and a detailed list of products sold.

Invoice from S. Levy, a wholesale and retail dry goods house located at 77 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore. Dated January 15, 1879. The invoice shows a purchase made by the Baltimore City Fire Department for 12 gray blankets at a price of $.350 each. The total amount due is $42.00. The billhead includes an ornate header section with bold lettering in a Victorian style. The billhead also has handwritten details of the transaction and includes a handwritten check.

Invoice for dry goods, addressed to E. T. Pierce. The billhead displays the business name and address as 'S.M. & M. Rosenbaum, Importers and Wholesale Dealers in Dry Goods, Dress and White Goods, Embroideries, Shawls, Hosiery, Cloth, Cassimeres, &c., Nos. 1211 & 1211 1/2, MAIN STREET.' Dated April 8, 1878. The invoice lists numerous items and their associated prices, suggesting a purchase of materials for clothing production.

Billhead of S. M. & M. Rosenbaum, importers and wholesale dealers in dry goods, dress and white goods, embroideries, shawls, hosiery, cloths, cassimeres, etc., located at Nos. 1211 and 1211 1/2 Main Street, Richmond, Virginia. The billhead is dated December 20, 1877, and the buyer is listed as E. T. Pierce. The billhead features a printed header with bold lettering and a basic format.

Monthly statement of account from S. M. & M. Rosenbaum, importers and wholesale dealers in dry goods, located at 1209 Main Street, Richmond, Virginia. Dated January 9, 1874. The bill lists a series of purchases likely made by B. H. Skaggs & Co., along with their total cost. The billhead displays a handwritten header in Victorian-style script, with the business's name, address, and type of business clearly labeled.

Sales slip from S. Rosenthal & Son, dealers in dry goods, clothing, gents' furnishings, etc., in Petoskey, Michigan. The slip lists the sale of various items, including

Billhead - dated January 14-March 5, 1859 - from S. Rothschild & Bro., dealers in Fancy and Staple Dry Goods, Shoes and Boots, Clothing, Hats and Caps, Hardware, Saddlery, Groceries, Rope and Bagging, located in Claiborne, Alabama. The bill records a transaction with Joseph H. Reyland, and lists a variety of purchases including Sidles, Boots, Stripes, P. Cloth, and Potatoes. This appears to be an invoice, summarizing a previous purchase. The billhead is handwritten in black ink.

Monthly statement from S. Strousse, dealer in dry goods, carpets, clothing, and other items, located in Georgetown, Colorado. Dated January 15, 1892. The bill lists a detailed account of goods purchased by J. S. Randall. It includes the date, a description of items, and the prices for the items purchased. The statement reflects the business relationship between the merchant and customer. The billhead features an ornate banner with the name of the business, printed text, and neatly handwritten entries. The billhead is on lined paper.

Billhead from S. Waxelbaum & Son, wholesalers of dry goods and notions, located in Macon, Georgia. Dated April 4, 1883. The billhead is addressed to Hy Hallson & Co., located in Highland Mills, New York. The billhead is written in a flowing cursive script and contains an ornate flourish. The transaction likely represents payment to S. Waxelbaum & Son from Hy Hallson & Co., in the amount of $199.25. This transaction was paid for via a check drawn on Central National Bank in New York. The billhead includes a handwritten receipt signed by Sammy A. French.

A billhead for S. Wise & Brother, Wholesale Dealers in Dry Goods & Notions, located at No. 4 Earl & Hatcher's Block, Third Street, Lafayette, Indiana, dated June 20, 1867. The bill records a transaction where B. Canaday & Co. purchased 'Mill Creek Jeans' for a total of $20.55. The document is marked 'Rec'd payment by S. Wise & Bro.' It features a detailed lithographic illustration of the S. Wise & Brother store building, ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name, and a U.S. revenue stamp on the left side.

This billhead from Samuel Haas & Co., dealers in clothing, gents' furnishing goods, boots, shoes, hats, caps, and traveling bags, documents a transaction with M. Savage Mining Company. The invoice, dated August 1, 1868, from Virginia, Nevada, details the purchase of a rubber coat for $13.00 and boots for $7.00, totaling $20.00. The item features an ornate, framed logo for S. Haas & Co. with their business details and a list of their branches in San Francisco and Gold Hill, Nevada. The text uses a mix of standard and decorative Victorian-style lettering. A handwritten note indicates "Paid Payment" on August 24, with illegible signatures below.

Billhead from Sands Brothers, wholesale and retail dealers in dry goods, fancy goods, hosiery, small wares, and carpets, located at No. 10 Main Street, Helena, Montana. Dated April 4, 1878. The bill likely details the purchase of items by J. R. McKnight & Co. The billhead lists a price of $100 and includes terms of payment of two per cent per month on all bills overdue. It contains a decorative border and a company logo.

Billhead - 12/1/1875... Sands Brothers Dry Goods store at 48 Main Street, Helena, Montana was operated by two brothers M. Sands and Abraham Sands. J. Sands did the purchasing as a resident in NYC. The elder Sands brothers, Abraham and Julius, remained the only partners in the Helena store until 1880 when Morris acquired a partnership interest in the firm. During the gold strike era and late 1800s, Jewish entrepreneurs dominated the local commerce. In 1867, Jewish merchants operated 17 out of Helena's 20 dry goods stores. Sands Brothers was one of the few elite mercantile houses that grew, expanded, and survived major town fires through the late 1870s and 1880s. Abram Sands was highly respected in both the Jewish and gentile communities. In 1881, he was elected President of the Helena Board of Trade. M. Sands, of the firm of Sands Brothers, Helena, and resident member and manager of the business, is a native of Poland; came to this country in his youth and for a time resided in N. Y. city, where he became interested in business with his brothers. Their present business at Helena was first established in Bannack in the year 1866 and there continued until 1867, at which time they moved to Helena, being now the oldest exclusive dry goods house now doing business in the territory. They carry an immense stock of dry goods. The firm is also largely interested in live stock throughout the territory. A. Sands, of the above firm, resides at Denver, Col., and is president of the Denver Brewing Co.'s Association. J. Sands is the purchasing partner, and a resident of New York city. Morris Sands was vice-president of the James R. Keene Mining and Milling Company and treasurer of the Alpha and Omega Milling and Mining Company. By the late 1870s, Sands Brothers was one of Helena's largest and most prosperous wholesale and retail stores. With brother Julius living full-time in New York, Abraham and Morris Sands managed the Helena store. Home of Peace Cemetery is adjacent to Capital High School and across Custer Ave from the Lewis & Clark Fairgrounds. The front of the cemetery faces west with a back gate on the east. The front entrance has three stone arches, with the center arch being the largest. On the center arch is inscribed "Home of Peace 1908". The smaller south arch says, "Erected by Morris Sands as a memorial to the sacred memory of his beloved wife, Lizzie who departed this life Jan 9, 1907." The small north arch says "Erected to the memory of Morris Sands who departed this life Dec 14, 1910."

Billhead - 12/24/1874….. Sands Brothers…. Carpets/Dry & Fancy Goods, 48 Main Street, Helena, Montana....was operated operated by two brothers M. Sands and Abraham Sands. J. Sands did the purchasing as a resident in NYC. The elder Sands brothers, Abraham and Julius, remained the only partners in the Helena store until 1880 when Morris acquired a partnership interest in the firm. M. Sands, of the firm of Sands Brothers, Helena, and resident member and manager of the business, is a native of Poland; came to this country in his youth and for a time resided in N. Y. city, where he became interested in business with his brothers. Their present business at Helena was first established in Bannack in the year 1866 and there continued until 1867, at which time they moved to Helena, being now the oldest exclusive dry goods house now doing business in the territory. They carry an immense stock of dry goods. The firm is also largely interested in live stock throughout the territory. A. Sands, of the above firm, resides at Denver, Col., and is president of the Denver Brewing Co.'s Association. J. Sands is the purchasing partner, and a resident of New York city. Morris Sands was vice-president of the James R. Keene Mining and Milling Company and treasurer of the Alpha and Omega Milling and Mining Company. By the late 1870s, Sands Brothers was one of Helena's largest and most prosperous wholesale and retail stores. With brother Julius living full-time in New York, Abraham and Morris Sands managed the Helena store. During the gold strike era and late 1800s, Jewish entrepreneurs dominated the local commerce. In 1867, Jewish merchants operated 17 out of Helena's 20 dry goods stores. Sands Brothers was one of the few elite mercantile houses that grew, expanded, and survived major town fires through the late 1870s and 1880s. Abram Sands was highly respected in both the Jewish and gentile communities. In 1881, he was elected President of the Helena Board of Trade. Home of Peace Cemetery is adjacent to Capital High School and across Custer Ave from the Lewis & Clark Fairgrounds. The front of the cemetery faces west with a back gate on the east. The front entrance has three stone arches, with the center arch being the largest. On the center arch is inscribed "Home of Peace 1908". The smaller south arch says, "Erected by Morris Sands as a memorial to the sacred memory of his beloved wife, Lizzie who departed this life Jan 9, 1907." The small north arch says "Erected to the memory of Morris Sands who departed this life Dec 14, 1910." Abraham Sands (1835-1887) was born in Poland into a Jewish family but immigrated to the United States as a small child. He married fellow Polish Jewish immigrant Esther Sands (1840-1903), and they had at least five children. By 1860, he was a dry goods merchant in Leavenworth, Kansas. He began a dry goods business with his brothers in Helena, Montana, in 1866. He moved his family to Denver in 1881, when he was president of both the Sands & Boyce dry goods business and the Sands Cattle & Land Company that owned approximately 8,000 head of cattle. The dry goods millionaire and cattle king committed suicide by cutting his own throat.

Billhead from Sands Brothers, wholesale and retail dealers in dry goods, carpets, wall paper, and house furnishing goods, located in Helena, Montana. Dated January 1, 1891, this bill likely reflects a purchase made by Dudley Halford, for items, likely dry goods. The billhead has a printed header, ornate lettering, and clear details of the business address, transaction, and terms of the purchase.

Billhead from Sands Brothers, dealers in wholesale and retail dry goods, fancy goods, hosiery, small wares, and carpets, located at No. 48 Main Street, Helena, Montana. Dated September 1, 1875. The bill lists a purchase of 2½ yds of 'sheeting' for $3.35, likely from J.L. Davis. The billhead has a printed header with ornate lettering, an embossed pattern, and clear details of the business address and transaction.

Invoice from Schlesinger and Mayer, dealers in dry goods, carpets, and boys' clothing, located at State and Madison Streets, Chicago. Dated June 27, 1888. The billhead lists four purchases, including items identified as “Hose,” “Robe,” “Chem,” and “Vest,” with prices listed for each. The total bill is 5.19. The billhead features a handwritten signature, a company stamp, and a printed header with bold text. It also has a small print section on the bottom that reads “TERMS CASH.”

Billhead from Schoolhouse & Oppenheimer, wholesale and retail dealers in fancy & staple dry goods, clothing, carpets, hats, caps, boots, shoes, etc., located on MAIN STREET. Dated April 4, 1866. The bill is made out to Miss M. Hillman and details a variety of purchases, likely fabrics, and their prices. The bill includes a handwritten balance, totalling $74.16. The billhead features a printed header, ornate lettering, and clear details of the business and transaction.

Invoice from Seeligmann & Macy, & Butler, jobbers of fancy, white, and linen goods, embroideries, gloves, ribbons, and other items. The bill is dated January 25, 1867. An item for “Gents’ Hosiery” for 12.00 dollars is listed, but is not completed. It is likely a bill from the Boston branch of Seeligmann & Macy, & Butler, as New York is crossed out and replaced with Boston on the billhead. “Butler” is written in pen on the billhead. The billhead includes ornate Victorian-style lettering.

Billhead from Shoyer & Company, a dealer in job lots of dry goods, notions, etc., located at 204 & 206 East Madison Street, Chicago, Illinois. The billhead is dated December 28, 1877, and notes that all goods are sold for prompt cash without discount. The billhead is printed in black ink on a pale green paper and features ornate lettering and a detailed description of the business's goods and services.

Statement of account from Simons Brothers, a business in Charleston, South Carolina, for J. B. Waring. Dated January 1, 1855. The statement lists a variety of items purchased by Dr. Waring, including flour, vinegar, molasses, soap, bitters, Rio coffee, lard, segars, lobsters, pickles, butter, raisins, figs, cheese, beef, and more. The total amount owed is $374.53. The billhead is written in cursive script, and is approximately 7 by 17 inches.

Invoice from Stern Bros., dealers in dry goods and groceries, located in Bellville, Texas. Dated September 28, 1891. The bill includes an itemized list of goods purchased, including “Fruigan,” “Fream,” and “Cotton Flannel,” with quantities and prices listed. The total cost is listed as $7.85. The billhead features a decorative header with the business name, address, and services offered, and a secondary header advertising the business as buyers of cotton and produce. The invoice is signed by the buyer, “J.A. Fennell,” and includes a handwritten note at the top of the invoice indicating that the bill was delivered to Mr. J.A. Fennell.

Billhead for Stern Brothers, Importers and Retailers of Dry Goods, Suits, Underwear, Etc., located at 32, 34 & 36 W. 23rd Street, New York City. Dated January 17, 1885, this bill was sent to T. E. Harwood, Trenton, Tennessee. The invoice details the transaction, including the price, quantity and description of the goods purchased. The billhead features an ornate Victorian-style design, including a company logo and framed header.

This billhead from Stern Brothers, Importers and Dealers in Silks, Trimmings, Laces, Millinery Goods, Gloves, Hosiery, Corsets, and Undergarments, details a transaction with Mssrs C. E. Green dated September 24, 1875. The invoice lists items purchased including one pair of shaws, one apron, and one slip, totaling $14.83. The document features ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name, decorative borders, and a small illustration above the names of the partners.

Billhead from Strasburger & Sperling, dealers in Dry Goods, Clothing, Millinery Goods, Groceries, Liquors and Provisions. The billhead lists a series of transactions with Richard Lookey, likely for various goods or services offered by the business. The billhead includes an itemized list of transactions, with corresponding dates and amounts. The business name includes a decorative font, with an ornate Victorian style lettering.

Invoice from Strong, Stern & Co., wholesale dealers in fancy goods, ribbons, hosiery, gloves, corsets, shirt fronts, white goods, and a general variety of notions, located in Monticello, New York. Dated November 29, 1871. The bill lists various items purchased by S. Ganung, with a handwritten total amount of $13.15. The billhead displays a decorative framed header section advertising “Special Stock of Watches, Jewelry, Silver & Plated Ware.”

Invoice from Sutto Brothers, dealers in general dry goods, clothing, and other items, located at the corner of Lackawanna and Penn Aves., Scranton, Pennsylvania. Dated July 31, 1869. The bill likely lists the purchase of an item(s) from the business by the Delaware and Hudson Railway Company. The billhead has a printed header, ornate lettering, and clear details of the business address and transaction. It includes a company logo, the building that housed the business, and a 2-cent revenue stamp, which indicates the potential purchase of items such as stamps, a postal envelope, or a document.

This item is an itemized billhead from T. & M. Schiele, Wholesale Dealers in Straw & Millinery Goods, located at 604 & 606 Fourth Street, St. Louis. The bill, dated October 19, 1871, records a transaction with Rohrbough & Moore, Kinmundy, IL, listing numerous millinery goods such as ribbons, silks, feathers, roches, velvets, and other accessories with their respective quantities, unit prices, and total costs. The billhead features decorative elements including ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name and a list of product categories (Ribbons, Silks, Feathers, Roches, Velvets, Millinery Goods) on the left margin. It also states "No Goods taken back. All claims to be made within three days after receipt of Goods." **3.

This billhead from Tobin, Davisson & Co., importers of Yankee Notions, White Goods, Hosiery, and Millinery Goods, located at the corner of Sutter and Sansome Streets in San Francisco, is dated April 7, 1875. It details a transaction with N.S. Trowbridge for the purchase of "3 doz wavelli" at $1.75 each for a total of $5.25, and "1 Gar" for $1.75. The total amount for these items is $7.00. The terms of sale required payment in U.S. Gold Coin, with a discount offered for payment within 10 days. The document features the business name "Tobin, Davisson & Co." in an ornate, decorative script, along with standard printed text for other information. A stamp on the left indicates it was 'PAID' by Egerton, Allen & Co. on April 17, 1875.

Billhead from W. Cohen, an importer and dealer in dry goods and gents' furnishing goods located at No. 6 Battery Street, San Francisco, California. The billhead is dated September 23, 1872, and lists a purchase by Charles Palmer. The purchase includes 'Canton flannel shirt - 1/4' and '1 1/2 dz. Gingham Blouses - 5.50'. The billhead uses ornate lettering and includes the business name and address.

Invoice from Walker Bros. & Co., wholesale and retail dealers in Fancy and Staple Dry Goods, Clothing, Boots, Shoes, and Plantation Supplies, located at Clay Building, No. 229 Main Street, Memphis, Tennessee. Dated October 1, 1866. The bill lists an itemized purchase made by T. F. Titus for “White Flannel by Lady”, “Linen”, “Sacque”, and “p Glens.” The invoice includes a total amount and a revenue stamp.

A handwritten billhead from Wolff & Marx, a general store located at 10 & 12 Commerce Street, corner Alamo, San Antonio, Texas. The bill was likely written around 1889 or 1890. The bill lists the purchase of a pair of boots for $3.50 and two pairs of blankets for $6, bought by Louis Oge for G. M. Roons. The billhead features decorative lettering typical of the period and includes a detailed description of the business's offerings and its location.

This billhead from Wolff Brothers & Co. details an invoice for various hats, caps, and straw goods purchased by Durarak & Beckman. The items listed include specific styles such as "Brawers Albia," "Georgia College," "Bluebird Scotch," "Blue Moscos," "Coyp Roller," "Parisian," "Albion," "Valurbans," "Garfield," "Blue Ruskie," "Blue Franklin," "Pearl Empire," and "Low brown Nelson," with quantities and prices for each. The total amount is 179.50. The bill notes shipment via "Mo Valley" and that the balance will follow. The billhead features a decorative masthead with an ornate company logo depicting a shield crest flanked by hats, and the business name "Wolff Brothers & Co." in a stylized script. Below this, the types of goods sold—"HATS, CAPS, STRAW GOODS, GLOVES AND UMBRELLAS"—are presented with elaborate Victorian-style borders and varied typography. 3.

Billhead from A. Kahn & Co., wholesale and retail dealers in dry goods, clothing, boots, shoes, and hats, located at the corner of Main Plaza and Acequia Street in San Antonio, Texas. Dated October 22, 1886. The bill is for Elvira McLane and lists the purchase of one shawl for $0.50. The bill shows some creasing and ink smudges.

Billhead from the A. Rachofsky Dry Goods Co. in Central City, Colorado, dated December 9, 1891. The billhead notes that the company was established in 1869 and that it brought the first Torah to Central City.

Billhead from A. (Abraham) Rachofsky's New York Store in Central City, Colorado, dated March 13, 1891. The billhead indicates the store was established in 1869. The verso contains an endorsement. Rachofsky purchased the store from his uncle, Abraham Rittmaster, an early Jewish pioneer in Colorado. Rachofsky later became a prominent businessman in Central City.

Billhead from A. Seessel, located at 259 Main Street, Memphis, Tennessee. The billhead is dated October 20, 1865, and includes a revenue stamp. The billhead is part of the 'E' collection.

Billhead of A. Winter, a dealer in staple and fancy dry goods, carpeting, and oil cloth, located at 12 Union Street, Nashville. The billhead is dated March 28, 1864, and measures approximately 8 1/2 by 14 inches. It includes details of a transaction and bears a Civil War Customs House stamp.

Billhead for Albenberg & Conhaim, located at 373 Jackson Street and Factory 268 Bowery, New York. Dated March 19, 1886. The 1884 Eau Claire City Directory, Eau Claire Co., WI, lists Adolph Albenberg (of Albenberg, Conhaim & Co.) residing in St. Paul, Minn., and Albenberg, Conhaim & Co. (Adolph Albenberg, Louis and Morris Conhaim) as dry goods merchants at 308 Barstow.

Billhead from Albert Aron's dry goods and plantation supplies business in Greenwood, Mississippi, dated July 26, 1894. The billhead provides details of Aron's business and is part of a larger collection of Judaica Americana. Information about Aron's wife's death in Greenville, Mississippi, in 1912 was reported in the Jackson Daily News, noting that he was a prominent Jewish citizen.

Billhead from Bachman Bros., importers of foreign and domestic dry goods, located at 10 & 12 Battery Street, San Francisco, California. Dated June 6, 1877. The billhead also references N. S. Trowbridge & Co. of Tybo, Nevada.

Billhead from Bachman Bros., foreign and domestic dry goods merchants, located at 10 & 12 Battery St., San Francisco, California. The billhead is dated March 27, 1877, and also references N. S. Trowbridge & Co. of Tybo, Nevada.

Billhead of Baer, Levy & Co. Dry Goods, dated December 8, 1880. The billhead details supplies of bacon, coffee, overalls, boots, tobacco, and other miner's supplies. The company's main store was located at 21 Battery Street, San Francisco. The billhead provides a detailed list of items and their prices. Located in Union, Oregon.

Billhead from Block & Erwin, dealers in dry goods, clothing, boots, shoes, hats, and general plantation supplies in Vanndale, Arkansas. Dated May 1, 1887. Includes biographical information about Raphael Block, a leading merchant in Vanndale.

Billhead from Cardozo, Fourqurean & Co., dealers in dry goods, located at 1005 Main Street, Richmond, Virginia. The billhead is dated August 5, 1879, and measures approximately 8 1/4 by 7 inches. By 1902, I.D. Cardozo was an officer at the City Bank of Richmond.

Billhead of Castle Brothers & Loupe, dated May 11, 1881. The billhead displays the address 213, 215, 217 Front Street, San Francisco, California. A lithograph of the store front shows only "CASTLE BROTHERS".

Billhead from Cohen Brothers, a popular dry goods house located at 41 & 43 Bay Street in Jacksonville, Florida. Dated January 26, 1884.

Billhead from D. Block & Co., a dry goods business with locations in Helena, Montana; New York, New York; and San Francisco, California. Dated February 5, 1877. The billhead lists the New York address as 46 West Broadway and the San Francisco address as 22 and 24 Battery Street. J.J. Koenigshofer is listed as running the Helena store.

Billhead from D. Block & Co., located at 46 West Broadway, New York City, issued on July 3, 1876. The billhead was sent to I. I. Koenigschofer in Helena, Montana. D. Block & Co. dealt in staple and fancy dry goods. The billhead also lists addresses in San Francisco: 22 and 24 Battery St.

Billhead from D. Loveman & Co., a dry goods, millinery, and cloaks store located in Nashville, Tennessee. The billhead is dated February 28, 1894. Morris Loveman, the founder's journey to establishing this successful business involved overcoming numerous hardships, beginning with his immigration from Hungary to the United States in 1854. After initial struggles in New York and Michigan, he opened a dry goods store in Mount Pleasant, Tennessee, before relocating to Nashville due to the Civil War. His son, David Loveman, played a significant role, establishing a dress manufacturing business known for its hoop skirts in the 1860s and later, a successful dry goods store, which evolved into the department store, Loveman, Berger & Teitelbaum in the 1890s with the addition of partners Samuel W. Berger and Henry Teitelbaum. This firm was commonly known as Loveman's and became a Nashville institution, operating at 5th and Union streets.

Billhead from D. W. Bloombargh & Co., dealers in staple and fancy dry goods, located in Brenham, Texas. Dated October 17, 1879. The billhead includes a signature from M.J. Jacob, suggesting involvement in a legal matter. An additional address is listed: 174 Church Street, NYC.

Billhead of S. Dannenbaum, importers and dealers in dry and fancy goods, ladies' and gents' furnishing goods, carpets, matting, oil cloth, etc. Located at Bernard Block, 167 Georgia Street, and Wholesale House, Nos. 124 and 126 Sansome Street, San Francisco. The billhead is dated April 10, 1884 and is completely filled with line items.

Billhead of S. Dannenbaum, importers and dealers in dry and fancy goods, ladies' and gents' furnishing goods, carpets, matting, oil cloth, etc., located at Bernard Block, 167 Georgia Street, Vallejo, California. Dated December 28, 1874.

Printed billhead in black ink advertising Davis, Abrahams & Lyon, wholesale and retail dealers in British, French, and American staple and fancy dry goods, carpets, boots, shoes, etc., located at No. 13 Sycamore Street. The bill notes that goods are received weekly from New York auctions and are offered at low prices for cash. The bill is dated January 1, 1859, and is made out to James M.B. Steward, indicating a balance and interest due on account.

Billhead from E. R. Selliger, a dry goods, groceries, hats, and plantation supplies merchant and cotton buyer in Greenwood, Mississippi, dated September 17, 1894. The billhead is addressed to John I. Terry.

Billhead for Ehrich & Co., importers and dealers in all dry goods, and publishers of "Ehrichs' Fashion Quarterly." Located at 287-295 Eighth Street, New York, New York. The company was active in Jewish affairs and founded by William J. Ehrich and his three brothers. Dated December 18, 1877.

Billhead from Elfelt, Weil & Co., successors to J. Kohn, Portland, Oregon, dated May 14, 1864. The billhead lists A. B. Elfelt, D. Weil, and S. Goldsmith as principals. Henry Failing is listed as the recipient.

Billhead of Freedman Brothers, manufacturers of ladies' and misses' mantels, cloaks, and wraps. Located at 332 Canal Street and 39 & 41 Lispenard Street, New York, New York. Dated October 12, 1889. The billhead features a large print depicting the store.

Manuscript billhead from G. Rosenblatt & Brother, importers and jobbers of dry goods located at 78 Chambers Street, New York City. The billhead is dated June 18, 1859, and also mentions A. Smith & Son.

Billhead from Giffhorn, Pothman & Co., a hosiery, lace goods, and gloves business located at 67-73 Bank Street, Cleveland, Ohio. The billhead is dated September 4, 1884, and includes the telephone number 1008.

Billhead of Godchaux Bros. French, English & German Dry Goods, located at 109 Battery Street, San Francisco, California, dated July 11, 1877. The billhead also lists offices in New York City (34 Reade Street) and Paris ("Godchaux Frere, No. 10 Rue des petites Ecuries"). Payments were payable in gold or silver at market value.

Billhead from Greenleve, Block & Co., a prominent Galveston wholesale dry-goods firm, dated May 14, 1882. The billhead displays the company's address: Greenleve, Block and Company Building, 2310-2314 Strand, Galveston, Texas. The building, designed by architect Nicholas Clayton, was a significant structure in Galveston.

Billhead from Guggenheimer & Co., wholesale dealers in staple and fancy dry goods, boots, shoes, and hats, located at 144 Main Street, Lynchburg, Virginia. Dated July 22, 1874. The billhead includes a statement that all claims must be made immediately upon receipt of goods and notes that interest will be charged at the highest legal rate on matured goods. The bill was issued to Mr. Walker.

Billhead for H. Bloombargh, dealer in staple and fancy dry goods, dated April 2, 1873. The billhead lists two business addresses: Zeiss Brick Building, Brenham, TX and 466 Broadway, New York, NY. The billhead is signed by H. Bloombargh. The description also includes a newspaper clipping detailing the funeral of Mrs. Z. Bloombargh, wife of H. Bloombargh, which took place on Sunday evening. The services were conducted by Rev. Dr. Cohen of the Jewish Synagogue of Galveston.

Billhead from H. Cone & Co. and H. F. Foster & Co., fancy goods merchants, located at No. 3 West Seneca Street, Buffalo, New York. The billhead is dated July 18, 1865, and includes a stamp for H.F. Foster of Marilla. A note indicates the prominent Jewish citizen, H. Cone, arrived in Buffalo in 1851 and was an original trustee of the Third National Bank.

Billhead from Henry Bodenheim and Co., located on Washington Street next door to Brown & Johnston's Banking House in Vicksburg, Mississippi. Dated December 16, 1859. The billhead indicates the business was involved in dry goods and clothing trade.

Billhead from September 2, 1876, issued by Heynemann & Co., dry goods merchants at 5 Sansome Street, San Francisco, California, and payable to N. S. Trowbridge & Co. of Tybo, Nevada. The billhead specifies payment in gold.

Billhead from the firm of Hirsch Brothers in Uniontown, Alabama, dated March 6, 1879. The billhead lists items sold, including calicos, domestics, pins, and a toothbrush.

Billhead from Hutzler Brothers, located at 67 North Howard Street, Baltimore, Maryland, dated December 6, 1880. The billhead advertises "White Goods, Embroideries, Mourning Goods, Laces, Black Silk, Lace Curtains; Colored Dress Goods & Etc." An attached expense list details costs for the "Ice Boat" in Baltimore Harbor.

Billhead from I. Epstein & Bro., a dry goods company located at 139 Congress Street in Savannah, Georgia. The billhead is dated April 2, 1892.

Billhead of I. I. Davis, a dealer in staple and fancy dry goods, notions, shoes, and hats. The billhead indicates a business date of May 24, 1892. The geographic location is implied to be near 35.7455559996588, -81.6881179998127. The billhead is part of the O collection, Manuscript Collection 1410, located in Box 2, Folder 25.

Billhead from I. Strasburger's dry goods store in Virginia City, Montana, dated November 13, 1879. The billhead advertises dry goods, clothing, furnishing goods, hats, boots, and shoes. It includes a signed note written on the billhead itself.

Billhead from I. Strasburger's Dry Goods store in Virginia City, Montana, dated June 16, 1877. The billhead advertises dry goods, carpets, millinery, and fancy goods.

Billhead for I. Wolfson's dry goods store located on the Plaza in San Antonio, Texas, dated December 18, 1889. The billhead features a lithograph of the store. The accompanying text provides biographical information about Saul Wolfson, who founded the Saul Wolfson Dry Goods Company in San Antonio in 1868. Saul Wolfson immigrated to the United States from Santer, Germany in 1858 and served in the Union Army during the Civil War. He was a member of various organizations including the Rebekahs, Odd Fellows, B'nai Brith, G.A.R., and Congregation Temple Beth-El. The New York Office was located at 585 Broadway.

Billhead from J. Rosenstock Dry Goods, Clothing...etc., dated September 14, 1885. The business was located in Elko, Nevada. The billhead is part of the collection Arc.MS.56, Box 20, Folder 8.

Billhead from James Kent Santee & Co., Dry Goods, Philadelphia, dated May 25, 1865, invoicing Joseph Abrams. The billhead includes two receipts for payment, one signed by Abrams, each bearing a period Revenue Stamp. The document measures 17 x 8 1/2 inches. The receipts are affixed to the bottom of the invoice.

Billhead from Jos. Frankland & Co., dry goods and notions, located at 46 Public Square, Nashville, Tennessee. The billhead is dated April 3, 1883, and was likely issued to Robert Williams. The billhead indicates that the business was owned by a Jewish Civil War veteran.

Billhead from Joseph Lippman's dry goods business in Savannah, Georgia, dated July 19, 1847. The billhead advertises a 'Choice Assortment of Foreign & Domestic Fancy & Staple Dry Goods, at Wholesale Prices' from his shop located in Owen's Building on Congress Street, facing the Market. The billhead is signed by Joseph Lippman.

Billhead of Joseph Lippman's dry goods business in Savannah, Georgia. The billhead advertises a "Choice Assortment of Foreign & Domestic Fancy & Staple Dry Goods at Wholesale & Retail." It is dated May 3, 1849, and indicates the business's location as "Owen's Building, Congress Street, facing the Market, Savannah, Ga."

Billhead of Joseph Sampson & Son, a dry goods, clothing, boots and shoes, crockery, hardware, groceries and liquors store, located on Front Street, Georgetown, South Carolina. The billhead is dated May 18, 1880, and advertises that the company buys cotton and country produce. Additional information notes that Joseph Sampson served in the Civil War (Company I, 21st Infantry, detailed to Quartermaster Department) and his grandfather was listed in the 1818 business directory.

Billhead from L. Cohen's dry goods, clothing, and furnishing goods store in Georgetown, Colorado, dated August 1, 1885. The billhead features a lithograph of a high-button shoe and indicates that L. Cohen was the sole agent for Curtis & Wheeler Shoes.

Billhead from L. Straus & Sons, located at 42, 44 & 46 Warren Street, New York, New York, dated January 7, 1882. The billhead mentions the Sterling Iron & R. R. Co. The document includes information about the Straus family's business history, their immigration from Europe, and their involvement in various enterprises, including a pottery and glassware business and later, Macy's.

Billhead from Levi Strauss's business at 63 and 65 Sacramento Street, between Battery and Front Streets, San Francisco, California. Dated September 17, 1858. Features a vignette of a clipper ship. This is an early document from the inventor of jeans.

Billhead of Levy, L. J., Importers & Jobbers of Fancy Staple Dry Goods, located at No. 134 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The date on the billhead is March 26, 1850.

Billhead from Levy, Loeb, Scheuer & Co., wholesale dry goods merchants, dated September 24, 1885. The billhead indicates their New Orleans location at 82 Canal Street and mentions a transaction with the Eagle & Phenix Manufacturing Co. in Columbus, Georgia.

Billhead from Lewine Brothers, dealers in dry goods, located in Waco, Texas. Dated December 5, 1881. The billhead also mentions I. W. Lewine in New York City.

Billhead from Louis Stix & Co., located at West Third, Race & Union Streets, Cincinnati, Ohio, dated April 15, 1861. The billhead was likely issued by the company to John Rick.

Billhead from M. C. Eppenstein & Co., located at the northwest corner of State and Madison Streets in Chicago, Illinois. Dated August 13, 1885. The billhead notes that the company is a member of the Jewish Lakeside Club.

Billhead of M. Kohn, Dealer in Dry Goods, Clothing, Caps, Boots, Shoes & etc. The billhead features a woodblock print of clothing. The back of the billhead contains notations for an estate settlement dated January 1, 1863. The billhead lists various items and prices. It originates from Rome, Georgia and dates to 1862.

Billhead from M. Levy's dry goods store in Fort Atkinson, Wisconsin, dated December 13, 1888. The billhead was issued to M. McMillan. It provides a glimpse into the commercial activities of a Jewish merchant in late 19th-century Wisconsin.

Billhead from M. Meyer & Co., located on Broad Street in Selma, Alabama. The billhead advertises the company as dealers in dry goods, clothing, fancy goods, and millinery. It is dated February 3, 1860, and measures approximately 5 1/2 by 2 3/4 inches.

Billhead from M. Meyer & Co., dealers in dry goods, clothing, boots, and shoes, located at 38 Broad Street, Selma, Alabama. The billhead is dated May 5, 1881, and was issued to J. J. Hearst.

Billhead from M. Simon & Son, dealers in dry goods, Placerville, California. Dated May 9, 1877. The billhead measures 8 1/2 x 14 inches and features a decorative logo. Recipient: William R. Haynerd.

Billhead from Moise, T., a dry goods merchant in Owensboro, Kentucky, dated December 20, 1887. The billhead indicates the merchant's business and location. This item is part of the collection of Judaica Americana.

Billhead from Mrs. J. Sheyer & Co., a dry goods store in Carson City, Nevada, dated September 1, 1877. The bill is related to the Virginia & Truckee Railroad Company. It's a two-page document with the pages still joined. Mrs. Sheyer was the widow of Rabbi Jacob Sheyer, who was a prominent figure in the Jewish community of Nevada in the 19th century.

Billhead of Myer / Marx, Staple and Fancy Dry Goods, Clothing, hardware, crockery, hats, boots, shoes and Groceries, with a note indicating a large assortment of tobacco always on hand. Located on the corner of Court and Washington Streets, Montgomery, Alabama. Dated November 14, 1857.

This billhead from December 15, 1885, belonged to Nathan Gutman, an importer of silks, velvets, laces, trimmings, hosiery, and other goods. His business was located at 66 Lexington Street, near Charles Street, in Baltimore, Maryland. The billhead is addressed to A.S.D. H. Weil.

Billhead from Nussbaum & Dannenberg, located at the New Palace Building, Corner Cherry & 3rd Street, Macon, Georgia. Dated May 15, 1880. The billhead features a lithograph of the store.

Billhead from Olcovich Bros., a general store in Carson City, Nevada, dated December 31, 1890. The billhead lists groceries, boots, shoes, and blankets among their merchandise. Olcovich Bros. was a prominent Jewish-owned business in Carson City.

Billhead from Pollock, J., located at 6 & 8 South Water Street, Mobile, Alabama. The billhead indicates the business was a dry goods merchant. Dated July 26, 1883.

Billhead from Sands Brothers dry goods store located at 48 Main Street, Helena, Montana, dated April 5, 1875. The store was operated by the Sands brothers: Abraham, Morris, and Julius. The billhead also mentions Davis & Wallace.

Billhead from Sands Brothers Dry Goods store located at 40 Main Street, Helena, Montana, dated August 27, 1878. The firm later operated two locations, one in Helena, Montana run by M. Sands, and another at 54 Worth Street, New York, run by J. Sands. The Helena building still stands.

Billhead from Sands Brothers Dry Goods store, located at 48 Main Street, Helena, Montana. The billhead is dated November 1, 1875. Sands Brothers was a prominent dry goods store in Helena, established in Bannack in 1866 and later moving to Helena in 1867. The business was operated by the Sands brothers: Abraham, Julius, and Morris.

Billhead from Senftenberg Bros. & Co., a dry goods firm in La Grange, Texas, dated September 27, 1886. The billhead includes the names of W. R. Pollard and E. P. Jarmon. An article from the *La Grange Journal*, January 27, 1881, describes the firm and Adolph Senftenberg's move to La Grange.

Billhead from Sheyer & Morris, Dealers in Fancy and Staple Dry Goods, Carson City, Ormsby County, Nevada, dated September 1, 1871. The bill lists spools, needles, and buttons sold to Mr. Huney (likely Captain John W. Haynie). The business was located on Carson Street, next to Wells, Fargo & Co.'s Express Office. The billhead is printed in black, red, and blue by M. Weiss, Oriental Printing House, San Francisco, CA, and marked "Paid." Jacob Sheyer and Louis Morris are listed as the business owners.

Billhead from Sulzbacher, Seligman & Co., dry goods merchants, Selma, Alabama, dated November 6, 1860. The billhead displays the company's name and likely details of transactions, although the specifics are not legible in the available image.

Billhead of V. Meyer & Co., Fayette, Mississippi, circa 1865. The billhead was originally printed for M. Eiseman, but the name was crossed out and replaced with "V. Meyer & Co." It is signed by S. Lehmann for V. Meyer & Co. and includes a revenue stamp. The billhead reflects commercial activity in Fayette, Mississippi during the post-Civil War era.

Billhead from Weil Brothers, general merchants in Demopolis, Alabama, dated January 6, 1880. The billhead features the company's name and location. The image shows a printed form likely used for recording business transactions.

Billhead from Zenner Brothers, a notions, fancy goods, and stationery store located at 601 & 603 Mulberry Street, Syracuse, New York. Dated August 25, 1891. The billhead also includes a newspaper clipping announcing the death of David Zenner, a senior member of the firm.

This billhead belongs to Conhaim Brothers, a dry goods business located at 373 Jackson Street, St. Paul, Minnesota. The image shows a printed form with space for recording a statement of money due. The billhead is dated November 22, 1888, and signed by D. E. Conhaim. A related note mentions that in 1884, Adolph Albenberg, Louis, and Morris Conhaim ran a dry goods store under the name Albenberg, Conhaim & Co. at 308 Barstow Street in Eau Claire, Wisconsin. The back of the billhead is NOT ENOUGH INFO. A second image is included in this record but is NOT ENOUGH INFO.

Printed receipt billhead, completed in manuscript and signed by Isaac A. Levy. The billhead advertises Levy's business as a dealer in staple and fancy dry goods, carpets, rugs, etc., located at 43 West Main Street, Richmond, Virginia. The receipt is made out to Mr. Wm. Mitchell Jr. for "Royall arch Chap. no. 3." Dated December 15, 1847. The verso is inscribed: "I.A. Levy $2.25 No.2."

This billhead from M. Meyer & Co., dated June 29, 1875, advertises their dry goods business located at 30 & 32 Broad St., Selma, Alabama. The image shows a printed form with spaces for recording financial transactions. The header clearly displays the business name and address. [The donor notes that A. Elkan is listed in Selma and M. Meyer in NYC, suggesting a possible business connection between the two individuals or firms.] The back of the billhead is NOT ENOUGH INFO. There are two images associated with this record. One image shows a detailed view of the billhead itself, with the date, business name, address, and the nature of the business prominently visible. The second image is NOT ENOUGH INFO.

Billhead from Moke & Bro. Dry Goods in San Antonio, Texas, dated December 31, 1874. The bill shows a purchase by Mrs. W. A. Menger of the Menger Hotel for ladies' shoes and gaiters, totaling $4.50. An advertisement for the *San Antonio Daily Express*, December 15, 1874, is visible on the reverse (not included in this collection).

A blotter advertising P. Fleischner & Co., a dry goods store located at 1026 Chestnut Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The blotter features a picture of mountains. The blotter is circa 1885.

Blue cardboard advertising card for Blumenthal's Bargain Store in Sebewaing, Michigan. The card likely dates from the early 20th century, given the style and materials. It features advertising imagery and text promoting the store's merchandise.

A broadside for Beerman's Bargain House at 420 Church St. in Norfolk, Virginia, advertising a "Great Slaughter Sale" of $15,000 worth of Men's, Youths', Boys' & Children's Clothing to be sold "AT YOUR PRICE." The advertisement also notes a $5,000 worth of Dry Goods, including Ladies' Capes and Cloaks, Velvets and Silks, and Footwear, which must be sold to make room for Spring Stock. The text mentions "We are growing daily in public favor" and includes a holiday greeting for Christmas and New Year. The broadside features a detailed illustration of a man in formal attire (likely a merchant or customer) on the left side, and uses large, bold, and ornate Victorian-style lettering for "Great Slaughter Sale" and the business name.

Advertisement for the Wolbach Brothers, Dry Goods, Notions; Hastings, NE

A broadside advertisement from Weil, Dreyfus & Co. announcing that Charles and Jacob Weil, the original founders of the company in 1864, are still in business while other partners have left. It includes the address of their New York salesroom: 538 Broadway. Published in Boston, Massachusetts, on November 11, 1889.

This business card advertises M. Neuburger & Co., importers of small wares, located at 305 Canal Street and 47 Howard Street, New York. [The business was also associated with J. Rosenberg and S. Wilhelm.] The front of the card features the company name in large bold lettering. The card also indicates that the business was an importer of small wares. The back of the card is blank. This is a business card and not a trade card as initially categorized.

This business card advertises Herman, Schwab & Co., wholesale and retail dealers in fancy goods, located at 26 North 8th Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The card's front is printed on coated white card stock and features the business' name and description prominently displayed. The text is simple and elegant, characteristic of business cards from the late 19th century. The back of the card is blank.

This early coated business card advertises I. & A. Blumenthal, importers of fancy goods, located at No. 23 Maiden Lane, New York City. The card's design is simple and understated, typical of business cards from the period. The text clearly states the business name and address. The back of the card has handwriting that says "Country Lass 15."

This business card advertises Rosenfeld Bros., clothing importers, located at 365 & 367 Broadway, New York, NY. The front of the card features the business name, 'ROSENFELD BROS.', prominently displayed in a stylized, uppercase font. Below the name, 'CLOTHING IMPORTERS' is also displayed. The address, '365 & 367 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NEW YORK', is clearly visible beneath. The design is simple and elegant, typical of business cards from the late 19th century. The back of the card is blank. The card's overall color scheme is monochromatic and understated.

White stock business card for Seldner & Rosenberg, Dry Goods, located at 17 Sycamore Street, Petersburg, Virginia. The card's creation date is estimated to be January 1, 1875.

A commercial letter dated May 5, 1884, sent from Abe Mayer & Brother, general merchants and dry goods and groceries in Clinton, Louisiana, to A. Lehman & Co. in New Orleans, Louisiana. The letter features a vignette of the Mayer Building.

A business letter dated September 1851, written by Felix Kahn in Nashville, Tennessee, to L. Mayer & Co. in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The letter details an order for dry goods, including ginghams, tablecloths, spoons, razors, handkerchiefs, and stockings. Kahn requests prompt shipment and specifies the desired assortment and pricing. The letter provides insights into commercial transactions and the dry goods trade in the mid-19th century United States.

A personal letter written by a clerk for Hecht Bros. & Co. on December 24, 1879, in Pocahontas, Arkansas. The letter expresses loneliness and contains commercial content related to the dry goods, boots, shoes, groceries, and general merchandise business of Hecht Bros. & Co. The letter is written on embossed letterhead featuring the names L. Hecht, S. Hecht, and L.F. Nicklase, indicating that the firm may have been Hecht and Nicklase. A gold ink overlay on the letterhead reads 'Hecht and Nicklase Survivor of.'

Copper Civil War store card token issued by Freedman & Goodkind, a dry goods and millinery store located at 171 Lake Street in Chicago, Illinois. The token depicts a head of Liberty and is dated 1861. According to the Fuld catalog (150V.2A), it has a rarity rating of R3. The token's description indicates that it is made of copper.

Copper Civil War store card token issued by Freedman & Goodkind, a dry goods and millinery store located at 171 Lake Street in Chicago, Illinois. The token depicts a head of Liberty and is dated 1861. The description also notes the presence of markings indicating "FULD" and other unclear markings. The token's provenance is from the Fuld Collection.

Civil War-era store token issued by Herschman Bros., dry goods merchants located at 20 Court Street, Binghamton, New York. The token features a wreath and "business card" design. The reverse is blank. Additional research needed. This token is designated as FULD...80B.1C and has a rarity rating of R3.

Civil War store token issued by Hochstetter / Strauss in Buffalo, New York. The token features an 1863 Indian Head penny on the front and "DRY GOODS 280 MAIN STREET" on the back. According to the Fuld catalog, this token is designated as 105J.2A, with a rarity rating of R8 (probably an R6).

Civil War-era store token. The obverse features an Indian head penny dated 1863, and the reverse reads "DRY GOODS 280 MAIN STREET". This is a duplicate token.

Civil War-era store token issued by S. Meir & Co., a dry goods and clothes merchant. The reverse side features the inscription "S. MEIR & CO. DRY GOODS & CLOTHES"; the obverse displays "LIBERTY". The token dates from 1863. This token is part of the O collection in Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS Box 4, Pouch 3.

Copper Civil War store token issued by A. H. Steinmann, Dry Goods, located at the corner of 11th and Galena Streets in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The token features an eagle on the obverse and "DRY GOODS" on the reverse. The date is estimated as 1863 based on the context of the Civil War. The token's dimensions are approximately 510 AL.1a R.3.

This collection comprises three items: a letter dated December 8, 1876, from I. Dreyfus, a dry goods merchant in Marshall, Texas, to a law firm in Tyler, Texas; a billhead from the National Bank of Jefferson in Marshall, Texas (undated); and an envelope addressed to James Turner in Tyler, Texas, with a return address for I. Dreyfus, Robertson & Herndon in Marshall, Texas (undated). The letter details a lawsuit, mentioning Mr. Levy and D. Doppelmayer, who appears to manage Dreyfus's business. The collection also includes a cover with a blue Marshall postmark and a list of cash sent to Jefferson totaling $9,766.00. The connection to Jefferson, Arkansas, is suggested by the presence of numerous Dreyfus family members buried in Jefferson County, Arkansas.

A commercial broadside issued by Greil & Kohn in Selma, Alabama on September 1, 1874. The broadside likely advertised dry goods or clothing, given the subject tags associated with the item.

A one-page commercial letter, written on April 13, 1821, from J. M. Phillips in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to T. I. Tobias in New York, New York. The letter discusses merchandise, primarily dry goods, that were sent on consignment from New York to Philadelphia, including details about pricing and sales.

Commercial letter from Jelenko & Bro., a dry goods store in Charleston, West Virginia, to Thomas R. Brown. Dated August 8, 1884. The letter mentions a location on Front Street near Summer Street in Charleston, WV, and references business dealings possibly in Kentucky.

Commercial letter written by L. Levy and I. Mincer of their dry goods store in Waxahachie, Texas, to Eagle & Phoenix & Co. in Columbus, Georgia, on January 17, 1887. The letter discusses commercial matters.

A commercial letter dated May 26, 1884, from Feigenbaum & Co., importers at 520-526 Market Street, San Francisco, to Henry Hall & Son & Co. at 21-25 Sutter Street, San Francisco. The letter requests an order for various unspecified items. The letter is written on Feigenbaum & Co.'s letterhead.

This is a trade directory published in 1888 by Dockham's, providing a comprehensive listing of businesses involved in textile manufacturing and dry goods across the United States. It is a valuable resource for researchers interested in the American textile industry and the participation of Jewish merchants within it during this period. The directory includes numerous entries, offering detailed information on various businesses, their locations, and their proprietors.

Small aluminum tray; oval. Advertisement for dry goods and millinery located at 1447 Green Bay Avenue. The advertisement likely dates from the 1890s, based on the provided date range. The physical item consists of a small, oval aluminum tray, suggesting it may have been used for display or promotional purposes.

Trade token advertising E. Levy's dry goods store in Morrow, Ohio. The token, dated 1863, features an eagle on the front and the store's name and goods offered (dry goods, clothing, boots, shoes) on the reverse. Issued during the Civil War.

Embossed advertisement envelope for Wychoff & Smelzer, a staple and fancy dry goods, groceries, and boots and shoes store in Watkins, New York. Dated February 14, 1867.

An envelope addressed to L. & E. Emanuel at 725 Market Street, San Francisco, California, postmarked June 27, 1883. The return address is Bachman Bros., 10 and 12 Battery Street, San Francisco. The envelope mentions Herman S., Nathan S., David S., and Leopold S. It is suggested these individuals are associated with Bachman Brothers.

Envelope addressed to Schwabacher Bros. & Co. at 17 and 19 Battery Street, San Francisco, California. The envelope shows the return address of Hoffman & Co. in Walla Walla, Washington Territory. The envelope is postmarked 1875 and features the Wells, Fargo & Company logo. It is likely related to business correspondence between the firms.

An envelope addressed to C. H. Basedon. The envelope features the return address of Bamberger, Bloom & Co., a wholesale dry goods firm in Louisville, Kentucky. The envelope dates from circa 1870s. The firm was located in Louisville, Kentucky with ties to Tell City, Indiana.

An envelope addressed to Jos. Alsheler in Three Springs, Kentucky, postmarked April 12, 1864. The envelope features an advertisement for E. Bamberger & Co., wholesale dealers in staple and fancy dry goods, located at 524 Main Street, Louisville, Kentucky. A handwritten note on the envelope indicates that the area was occupied by the Yankees.

Commercial envelope addressed to Bella Granger, advertising the clothing and dry goods store of J. C. Meussdorffer & Bro., located at the corner of D and 2nd Streets in Marysville, California. The envelope also features a Wells Fargo advertisement. Dated circa 1875.

An envelope postmarked November 27, 1863, addressed to John Maschauer in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The envelope features the letterhead of Dreyfuss Brothers, importers of fancy goods, located at 11 1/2 College Place, New Orleans, Louisiana. The envelope also contains a handwritten note mentioning the death of one of the Dreyfuss brothers, noting that three brothers of the firm had died and the fourth was not expected to live.

Envelope addressed to Goodyear's Rubber Manufacturing Co., advertising Haas & Weiss, notions and furnishing goods, located at 106 W. Pearl and 117 W. Third Streets, Cincinnati, Ohio. Dated February 15, 1882.

Yellow envelope with an advertisement for Myers & Marcus, dealers in dry goods, boots, and shoes, located at 272 Broad Street, Augusta, Georgia. The envelope is addressed to Alexander H. Stephens in Crawfordville, Georgia and postmarked March 11, 1869.

An advertising envelope for Nathan Gutman & Co., a Baltimore, Maryland dry goods store. The envelope, likely postmarked around 1860, advertises "SILK DRESS GOODS, WRAPS, TRIMMINGS LACES, FANCY GOODS, &c." at their location: 17 & 17 W. LEXINGTON ST., Baltimore, Maryland. The envelope shows a stamp and has been addressed to Sue Cox.

This archival item consists of a letter and a receipt. The letter, dated September 18, 1872, is an autograph letter signed by Maurice Guggenheimer, a dry goods merchant in Lynchburg, Virginia. Written in dark ink, it concerns balmorals and shoes and was sent to Creasy & Brother. The letterhead shows the Guggenheimer & Co. stamp. The included receipt is part-printed and signed, issued by Guggenheimer & Co. to Creasy & Brother on October 18, 1872. The receipt indicates an address of 144 Main Street. Maurice Guggenheimer served in the Confederate Army during the Civil War, specifically in Company C, 2nd Virginia Cavalry. He is identified as a Jewish Confederate soldier.

Set of four trade cards advertising the One Price Cash Dry Goods Store in Portland, Oregon. The cards are undated, but circa 1885 based on stylistic elements. The cards feature illustrations of various merchandise and likely served as promotional materials for the store. The name of Charles S. Levy is associated with the store.

Triangle-shaped glass scoop from Lansburgh & Brother, a dry goods store in Washington, D.C. The bottom is marked: "LANDSBURGH & BRO... DRY GOODS ONLY.... WASHINGTON, DC." The scoop measures approximately 5 inches wide, 6 inches long (including the handle), and 2.25 inches tall. Circa 1885.

This four-page folded advertisement pamphlet from Cohen, Davis & Co.'s Golden Rule Bazaar in Portland, Oregon, likely dates from 1887-1889, based on a handwritten inscription. The lithograph features an image of the store's storefront and a woman arranging flowers. The advertisement highlights the Bazaar's wide range of goods, including sporting goods (tennis rackets, hammocks), home goods (china, bric-a-brac), and other items such as baby carriages, notions, and toys. The pamphlet celebrates the move to their new building.

A broadside announcing the grand opening of the dry goods store Lasalle, Cohen & Koch in Toledo, Ohio on September 1, 1883. The broadside notes that Mr. A. H. Cohen has joined the firm and highlights his business experience and contribution to the firm's financial strength. The store was located at the corner of Summit and Adams Streets.

This item is an invitation announcing the grand opening of Henry Bernhard's store, featuring French Pattern Bonnets, Hats, and other novelties. The opening event was scheduled for Thursday, Friday, and Saturday, October 13th, 14th, and 15th, 1881, at his establishment located at 190 Main Street in Middletown, Connecticut. The card features decorative elements including script lettering for the opening line, "FRENCH PATTERN BONNETS, HATS" in an ornate arched text with flourishes, and decorative dividers surrounding the name "HENRY BERNHARD." The corners of the card are rounded.

Trade card invitation to a Baltimore Oriole celebration issued by Phillips Bros. & Co. in Baltimore, Maryland in 1882. The card features an illustration of a Baltimore Oriole. Entered into the Library of Congress in 1882.

This catalog from Isaac Kaufmann & Brother, manufacturers of toilet, odor, and jeweled cases, picture frames, and other goods, showcases their Fall 1882 offerings. The catalog includes detailed descriptions, illustrations, and prices of their products. The business operated at 84 Duane Street in New York City, with factories at 14 & 16 Vanderwater Street and 84 Duane Street. Oppenheimer & Schlesinger served as the printers for the catalog.

Five-cent advertising trade token issued by Joel Gutman & Co., located at 112-122 Neutaw Street, Baltimore, Maryland. The token dates from the post-Civil War era (circa 1890). This token is held by the Jewish Women's Archives.

Advertising trade token for Joseph Fischbein, a grocer, provisioner, and dry goods merchant located at 315 West Water Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. This token dates to 1863. A higher-quality duplicate of this token also exists in the collection.

Civil War-era store token for Joseph Fischbein, a grocer, provisioner, and dry goods merchant located at 315 Water Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The token's front advertises "Groceries, Provisions & Dry Goods," while the back lists "Joseph Fischbein Agt." and the address. The date is 1863.

A broadside announcing the relocation of Lazard Frères & Co.'s dry goods store in San Francisco, California. The announcement details the new location at 525 & 527 Market Street and 22 & 24 Stevenson Street, between First and Second Streets. Published in San Francisco on February 10, 1869.

Business lease agreement dated May 14, 1898, between Tilly Israel of Kalamazoo, Michigan, and Joseph and Sigismund Speyer of Kalamazoo, Michigan, and Simon Rosenbaum of New York City (the firm of Rosenbaum & Speyer, Dry Goods). The lease covers the building at 127 and 129 West Main Street, Kalamazoo, the location of M. Israel Dry Goods Store. The five-year lease grants Tilly Israel rights to the entire third floor and offices leased by Dr. Hochstein. The document includes original signatures from Simon Rosenbaum, Joseph Speyer, Sigismund Speyer, and Tilly Israel. Tilly Israel is noted as the first female Jewish settler in Kalamazoo and the mother of Edward Israel, who died in the Arctic Exposition.

Business lease agreement dated May 14, 1898, between Tilly Israel of Kalamazoo, Michigan, and Joseph and Sigismund Speyer, also of Kalamazoo (the firm of Rosenbaum & Speyer, dry goods merchants). The lease concerns a business building located at 127 and 129 West Main Street, Kalamazoo, the site of M. Israel Dry Goods Store. The lease was for a period of five years. The document includes the original signatures of Simon Rosenbaum, Joseph Speyer, Sigismund Speyer, and Tilly Israel. Tilly Israel was the first female Jewish settler in Kalamazoo and the mother of Edward Israel, who died in the Arctic Exposition.

A single-page ledger sheet (4.75" x 15.5") listing dry goods consigned to Tobias I. Tobias. The sheet suggests a business relationship between Tobias I. Tobias and Parkhill, Robertson & Kelso in Richmond, Virginia, circa 1822.

Legal document detailing a claim filed by M. M. Marple & Co. of Philadelphia against the estate of H. Cohen on November 26, 1867, for unpaid merchandise, including women's hose, army blouses, and lamb's wool. The claim, totaling $294, was settled in 1871. The document includes an itemized list of goods and a sworn deposition by Mathias M. Marple.

A personal letter written on the letterhead of Cohn Bros., a dealer in dry goods, clothing, carpets, notions, hats, caps, boots, shoes, and furnishing goods. The letter, dated September 22, 1891, is addressed to Miss Josie Black, informing her of a planned visit to Springer. The accompanying envelope is postmarked September 25, 1891, from New Mexico, and addressed to Miss Josie Black in Springer, N. Mex. The letterhead features a prominent, ornate masthead with "COHN BROS." in stylized lettering, flanked by decorative lines. Below, "Dry Goods, Clothing, Carpets," is also presented in ornate, stylized text, followed by other product categories. The names and locations of the brothers, M. Cohn (Trinidad, Colorado), D. Cohn (Trinidad, Colorado), and S. Cohn (Raton, New Mexico), are printed at the top of the letterhead. 3.

This letter, dated March 26, 1866, is from H. G. Norton & Co. in New York to the Providence Rubber Co., concerning sample shipments of hosiery. The letter features an ornate, highly detailed lithographed letterhead depicting a block of buildings on Broadway, New York. The illustration identifies several businesses, including H.G. Norton & Co. (Rubber Goods) at 509 Broadway, Bogardus Photographs, Taylor's International Hotel & Saloons, Solomon & Hart (Fabric for upholstery), S. Strahlheim & Co. (Laces & White Goods), E.A. Hayt & Co. (Cloaks and Mantillas), W.H. Lyon & Co. (Yankee Notions and Hosiery), Watrous Boyden & Fay (Hats), and B.F. Beekman (Silk and Straw Goods), each with their specific building number. The architectural style depicted is typical of mid-19th century commercial blocks in a major city. **3.

A letter from M. Stern, a dealer in Staple & Fancy Dry Goods, Clothing & Carpets in Marengo, Iowa, dated October 10, 1888, addressed to the Amana Society. The letter requests the shipment of "3 pieces Print.Co." by express. The document also contains handwritten numerical calculations. The letterhead features engraved typography for the business name, along with decorative lines and small ornamental designs typical of late 19th-century commercial stationery.

This letter, dated October 10, 1888, is from S. & B. Katz, dealers in Dry Goods, Clothing, Furnishing Goods, Hats, Caps, Boots and Shoes, located in Osage, Iowa. It is addressed to the Amana Society in Homestead, Iowa, and encloses $101.39 as payment for purchases made in September and October 1888, after a discount. The letterhead features ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name and product categories. 3.

This letter, dated October 1, 1887, is from Curry Marks, an agent for S. Loeb, a dealer in Dry Goods and Groceries located at Arnold's Corner in Montgomery, Alabama, and is addressed to Messrs. R. E. Gish & Co. in Lynchburg, Virginia. The letter discusses business matters, including a returned freight shipment from Dadeville, an unsuccessful attempt to meet Mr. Robinson, and confirmation that Mr. Ward has received his goods. Marks also addresses an incorrect charge for a box of cigars, explaining that it was provided to Sam Rice as a sample with the understanding of a larger order, and requests credit for it. The letter is written on a pre-printed billhead for S. Loeb, featuring the business name in ornate Victorian-style lettering and identifying the business as a "DEALER IN DRY GOODS AND GROCERIES" at "ARNOLD'S CORNER."

This letter, dated September 5, 1887, originates from S. Loeb, a dealer in dry goods and groceries located at Arnold's Corner in Montgomery, Alabama. The correspondence is from Curry Marks, identified as a "Dalisman" (likely salesman or agent), writing from Mathews Station, Alabama, regarding an order for A. J. Simmons. The order specifies "10 Bbl Signal" at 9 1/4 with a value of 20 and "2 .. Straup" at 9 1/5 with a value of 28. The terms of the transaction are listed as "90 days". The letterhead features ornate Victorian-style lettering for "OFFICE OF S. LOEB" with decorative flourishes and a scrolled banner, characteristic of late 19th-century commercial stationery.

This archival item consists of a letter and its accompanying envelope from the dry goods and notions firm Goldbarth & Strauss, located at 236 Kanawha Street in Charleston, West Virginia, to Henry C. Wysor in Dublin, Virginia. The letter is dated July 5, 1889. The contents of the letter are not specified in the provided metadata.

This archival object consists of a letter and its accompanying envelope. The letter, dated July 23, 1887, was written by Jules Levy & Bros., importers of embroideries and laces located at 5 & 7 Sansome Street in San Francisco, California, to S. Marks & Co. in Roseburg, Oregon. The letter, written on Jules Levy & Bros.' letterhead, pertains to an order. The letterhead also lists the company's offices in New York City and Paris. The envelope further confirms the correspondence's sender and recipient, and its date.

A letter written by A. W. Keddie to Chad P. Braynard on October 20, 1869. The letter is written on Levensohn & Galland letterhead, established in 1855. Levensohn was in San Francisco and Galland in Red Bluff, California. The letter was sent via Wells, Fargo & Co. and bears a Red Bluff postmark. The envelope includes advertising.

A commercial letter dated November 15, 1872, from B. Oppenheimer & Co. in San Antonio, Texas, to E. C. Bailey. The letterhead indicates that B. Oppenheimer & Co. deals in dry goods, clothing, boots, and shoes, and mentions an office at 184 Church Street in New York City. The letter's content is commercial in nature.

A business letter from Baum & Kulman to E. C. Bailey dated December 27, 1879. The letter, functioning as a receipt, discusses business transactions related to dry goods or clothing. The letter was sent from Montgomery, Alabama to an unspecified location, likely in Boston, Massachusetts.

Commercial letter from Cowan & Co., a dry goods and notions business located at 36 & 37 Public Square in Nashville, Tennessee, to Robert Williams, dated September 7, 1882. The letter contains business-related content and indicates the company's involvement in Jewish affairs.

This archival item consists of a letter dated November 30, 1876, from D. Doppelmayer, a dealer in dry goods and general merchandise in Marshall, Texas, to the law firm Robertson & Herndon in Tyler, Texas. The letter includes a $100.00 retainer for a lawsuit. An accompanying envelope, postmarked in Marshall, Texas, is also included. The envelope is undated. The letter provides insight into business practices and legal proceedings in 19th-century Texas. Note that D. Doppelmayer was later President of Adath Israel Synagogue in Marshall, Texas when it was formed in 1887.

A commercial letter written on April 29, 1885, on the billhead of D. Newman & Son, located at 14 & 16 Market Street, Wilmington, North Carolina. The letter mentions David Newman in New York City and Martin Newman in Wilmington, North Carolina. The letter is addressed to the Eagle & Phenix Manufacturing Co. in Columbus, Georgia. Established in 1857.

A letter written by D. Wolfson to M. Joseph on June 22, 1889, concerning a claim made by Kahn and Schloss. The letter references a legal matter and is addressed to M. Joseph, a dry goods and notions merchant in Columbus, Georgia. The letter's content is partially visible in the provided image.

This letter, dated September 20, 1875, was written by Ebenezer C. Bailey to Mayer Brothers in Demopolis, Alabama. The letter discusses the transmittal of a bill. Mayer Brothers were early Jewish merchants in Demopolis.

A business letter from Eckman & Vetsburg, wholesale dry goods and notions merchants, located at 151 & 153 Congress Street, Savannah, Georgia. The letter, dated approximately November 1, 1884, mentions a New York City office at 39 Worth Street. The letterhead features a vignette of an office building and a horse-drawn carriage.

A four-page letter written in German by Emanuel Kaufmann on April 27, 1893. The letterhead identifies Kaufmann as a dealer in dry goods, clothing, and jewelry in Selville, Ohio. The letter details Kaufmann's plans to leave Selville, Ohio, and move to Wads(?), Ohio. The letter requires translation.

Handwritten business letter from Furchgott, Benedict & Co., dealers in dry goods, carpets, and furnishings, located in Jacksonville, Florida, to Hicks & Berg. Dated February 1, 1876. The letterhead also lists the company's locations in Charleston, South Carolina, Atlanta, Georgia, and New York City. The letter concerns the sale of goods. Furchgott's was Jacksonville's fifth oldest business establishment.

A business letter written on June 15, 1881, by H. Hall of Feigenbaum & Co. in Highland Mills, New York, to A. Blumenthal in New York City. The letter references samples to be sent and features a prominent company logo.

Commercial letter from Henry Levy & Son, importers of fancy goods located at 122 & 124 Duane Street, New York, New York, to A. W. Eckel in Charleston, South Carolina, dated February 1, 1878. The letter contains commercial content.

A 2 1/2 page letter from Henry Tobias in London, England to Charles Tobias in New York City, dated May 19, 1838. Henry announces receiving 1000 pounds from Uncle Asher, using the funds to purchase approximately 550 pounds worth of goods to be shipped to Charles, anticipating a handsome profit. He also mentions purchasing a new sign for the store.

A two-page stampless letter written by Henry Tobias in London, England on January 3, 1841, to Charles Tobias in New York, New York. The letter details business transactions involving goods such as buttons, velvet, and silk, including discussions of discounts and sales.

Letter written by J. J. Klein to Moses Goldsmith & Son on December 30, 1874, concerning business matters related to the Charleston and Savannah Railroad. The letter, written on letterhead, originated in Waterboro, South Carolina and was addressed to Charleston, South Carolina. An envelope is also included in this archival record.

Letter from J. Pollock & Co., wholesale dry goods merchants, located at Nos. 6 & 8 South Water Street in Mobile, Alabama, dated May 14, 1883. The letterhead features a vignette of an office building with horse-drawn wagons. J. Pollock was president of Sha'arai Shomayim Synagogue.

A letter dated December 17, 1884, from J.C. Young to Eckman & Vetsburg, a wholesale dry goods and notions company located at 151 & 153 Congress Street in Savannah, Georgia. Young's letter expresses his interest in employment and mentions prior work experience with the company. The letterhead features a vignette of an office building and horse-drawn carriage. An additional address of 39 Worth Street, New York City is also listed. The letter is written on watermarked paper.

A half-sheet letter from Lemle & Weil, wholesale and retail dealers in dry goods, hats, boots, shoes, clothing, and men's furnishings, located in Opelika, Alabama. The letter is dated February 4, 1884, and addressed to G. Gunby Jordan. The letterhead features the company's name and a description of its merchandise.

A commercial letter dated October 28, 1876, from Leon & H. Blum, a wholesale dry goods company with offices in Galveston, Texas and New York City, to John M. Lewis in Jefferson, Texas. The letter features a vignette of the company's Galveston building and lists the company's addresses.

This archival item consists of a letter dated July 10, 1884, from Lora C. Kister of Mill Brook, Ohio, to Thalhimer Brothers in Richmond, Virginia. The letter is accompanied by an undated envelope featuring an advertisement for Thalhimer Brothers, located at 501 Broad Street, Richmond, Virginia. The envelope's advertisement showcases the store's offerings. The letter itself contains business-related correspondence.

Commercial letter from Mendel, Rosenberger & Co. in Cincinnati, Ohio, to G. Gunby Jordan in Columbus, Georgia, dated July 17, 1884. The letter pertains to financial matters.

A business letter dated January 10, 1887, from Oberndorf & Allman in Selma, Alabama, to the Eagle & Phenix Manufacturing Co. in Columbus, Georgia. The letter discusses business matters and includes addresses for both companies: 1000 & 1002 Broad St., Selma, Alabama for Oberndorf & Allman.

A commercial letter dated May 24, 1890, from Rosenheim, Levis & Co., located at 523 & 525 Washington Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri, to an unspecified recipient in Aurora, Missouri. The letterhead features a crown watermark and the company logo.

A single-page commercial letter written on the letterhead of S. Seligman & Brother, merchants in Santa Fe, New Mexico. Dated September 6, 1876, the letter is addressed to Felipe Chaves in Belen, New Mexico. The letter announces the upcoming visit of a salesman with samples of fall and winter goods and details their extensive stock of dry goods and notions at competitive prices.

Commercial letter from S. Waxelbaum & Son, wholesale dry goods merchants in Macon, Georgia, to E. N. Manufacturing Co., dated July 21, 1885. The letter features a vignette of a building with two wagons in front.

A commercial letter written on the stationary of Share Bros. Dry Goods Co. in Harper, Kansas, dated September 15, 1886. The letter's content is unknown without further examination.

A commercial letter written by Simon Lewy in Eufaula, Alabama, to Alfred I. Young on October 26, 1886, concerning an order for cloth from the Red Cash Store, successor to S. Waxelbaum. The letter references business transactions and the clothing trade.

A commercial letter dated October 14, 1871, from Weil & Cahn, wholesale dry goods merchants located at 9 & 11 South Street, St. Joseph, Missouri, to J. S. & C. Wright & Co. The letter notes that no business was transacted on Saturday.

Civil War era store token issued by Louis Strauss & Co., located in Elmira, New York. The token features an 1863 Indian Head Penny on the front and 'Dry Goods No. 3 Union Block' on the back. Issued in 1863.

Billhead from the Menken Brothers, a dry goods and clothing business established in Memphis, Tennessee in 1862. The billhead, dated March 19, 1874, lists their address as 261 & 263 Main Street, Memphis, Tennessee.

This catalogue, published circa 1885 by Newman and Levinson of San Francisco, California, serves as both a price list for dry goods and a comprehensive guide to knitting. Printed by S.W. Raveley, it contains illustrations and instructions for various knitting projects. The catalogue reflects the business practices of a Jewish-owned dry goods store in late 19th-century San Francisco.

A printed circular in the form of a letter announcing the opening of Strauss, Sachs & Co. at 355 & 357 Broadway in New York, New York. Issued on February 1, 1891. The circular is a broadside.

A receipt issued by F. Auerbach & Bro., a general store established in 1864, to the Scipio Co-operative Mercantile Institution in Salt Lake City, Utah on March 21, 1885. The receipt's graphic design features the store's name and establishment date.

A receipt issued by Haggerty & Austin to Tobias I. Tobias on December 13, 1824, in New York City, for the purchase of 180 button hooks and eyes for $23.52. Haggerty & Austin is listed in the 1813 New York City Directory.

A receipt issued by Guggenheimer & Co. on April 19, 1873, in Lynchburg, Virginia. The receipt details a transaction with Grasey & Bro., indicating a sale of wholesale dry goods. The receipt is from 144 Main Street, Lynchburg, Virginia and is signed by Max, Jr. and Maurice Guggenheimer.

This is a dry goods price list catalog published on December 7, 1876, in New York City. The catalog, containing 191 pages, features numerous advertisements for textiles, corsets, hosiery, shawls, and store fixtures. While primarily a trade catalog, it includes at least two advertisements featuring Jewish business owners. Notably, a full-page advertisement features Attorney Nathan Frank from St. Louis, Missouri, specializing in bankruptcy law. The catalog offers a glimpse into the commercial landscape of late 19th-century New York, with items like Kentucky Jeans, Shaker flannels, and Conestogo tickings.

A broadside announcing a sheriff's sale of the stock, goodwill, and fixtures of Israel Hyman's gents' furnishing, dry goods, and trimming store. Issued by the Sheriff's Office, Philadelphia, on January 24, 1876, the sale was scheduled for January 31, 1876, at 330 North Second Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Shipping record detailing a shipment of umbrella handles from Liverpool, England to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on September 22, 1876. The record indicates the shipment was sent to Hirsh & Bro. in Philadelphia and includes information about the port of entry and the contents of the package.

Shipping record documenting the transport of five cases of silks from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to New York, New York on November 14, 1857, by L. I. Levy & Co. The verso notes that the goods were transported by railroad. The record also includes a note referencing the company's later financial recovery after suspending operations in 1857.

Shipping record documenting the transport of one case of silks from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to New York, New York on November 14, 1857, by L. I. Levy & Co. The verso notes that the shipment was transported by railroad. The document mentions L. J. Levy & Co's 1857 suspension and subsequent debt repayment.

Trade token issued by Showerman & Bro., a dry goods, clothing, hats, and shoes store in Ypsilanti, Michigan. The token's obverse displays the business name, while the reverse features an eagle and the date 1863.

A stereoview photograph depicting the exterior of the Levy & Stearn store, a fancy goods and toy bazaar located at 168 Superior Street in Cleveland, Ohio. The storefront is elaborately decorated with various goods on display, including baby carriages, toys, and other merchandise, with several individuals standing outside. The reverse side of the card serves as an advertisement, detailing Levy & Stearn as importers, wholesale and retail dealers in Fancy Goods, Toys & Notions, Wooden and Willow Ware, Berlin Zephyrs, Germantown Canvasses, Perforated Board, and Gold & Silver Trimmings for military, regalia, church, and theatrical purposes. It also notes them as sole agents for Whitney Baby Carriages. The card features ornate Victorian-style typography. The front of the stereoview has vertical text reading "168 Superior Street, opp. Weddell House, CLEVELAND, OHIO." and "FANCY GOODS & TOY BAZAAR."

Handwritten store bill from Julius Ash & Co., New Bern, North Carolina, dated October 22, 1866. The one-page document includes a revenue stamp and details the sale of general store items such as cotton, drawers, scissors, shoes, and a trunk to J. F. Suggs and Josia Wooten.

This 8-page catalogue from Wechsler, Abraham & Co., a New York City department store, is presented in magazine format. It advertises a wide range of dry goods and other department store items. Published in December 1877, the catalogue lists the store's addresses at 297-299 Fulton Street and 266-268 Washington Street in New York City. The catalogue reflects the fashion and consumer goods available in a late 19th-century American department store.

This trade card advertises Brylawski, a business located at 60 Lexington Street in Baltimore, Maryland, specializing in silks, laces, embroideries, and other related goods, dating from approximately 1885. The card features a vibrant illustration of a hummingbird hovering over a bouquet of red roses and ferns, set within a decorative border. The business name and product descriptions are presented on an ornate banner, characteristic of Victorian-era graphic design. **3.

This double-sided trade card advertises Clark's O.N.T. Spool Cotton, distributed by Olcovich Bro's. The front features a colorful illustration of a blonde girl in a straw hat, striped dress, and red stockings, happily jumping rope. Above her, text reads: "Wednesday's Child is Merry & Glad." Below, a circular logo for "CLARK'S O.N.T. TRADE MARK SPOOL COTTON" is present, alongside the promotional text: "Merry and glad she'll always be If she will use CLARK'S O.N.T." The name "OLCOVICH BRO'S" is stamped vertically in pink ink on the right side. The reverse side features a larger circular logo for "CLARK'S TRADE O.N.T. MARK SPOOL COTTON ON WHITE SPOOLS!" It states "GEORGE A. CLARK, Sole Agent." and emphasizes the product's quality: "IT IS SUPERIOR TO ALL OTHERS for HAND AND MACHINE USE." It also notes: "Garments sewn with O.N.T. FAST BLACK will never show white on the seams after being worn or washed." The name "OLCOVICH BRO'S" is stamped again in pink ink. 3.

This trade card features an engraved portrait of John Hancock on the front, with the name "Hancock" printed below and "Bufford Boston" in the bottom right corner, indicating the publisher or printer. The reverse side presents a "Directory of Reliable Business Men on Fulton Street, BROOKLYN," listing various businesses, their industries, and street numbers. Businesses include a one-price clothier, cigar store, hotel and restaurant, saddle & harness maker, hatter, fashionable boot & shoe maker, fine groceries, photographer, dyeing establishment, dry goods store, central tea company, butter/cheese/egg supplier, fruit/wine/liquor store, music store, furniture store, bakery, butcher, fancy goods store, gent's furnishing goods store, and sporting goods store. The card serves as an advertisement and business reference, typical of late 19th-century mercantile practices.

This trade card advertises E. J. Levy & Co., a dry goods and notions business located at 213 E. Broad St., Richmond, Virginia. The company sold ladies' and children's underwear, among other items. The card features a vibrant color lithographic illustration of a young boy in a yellow hat and blue outfit riding a whimsical bicycle with two large egg-shaped wheels, set against a natural landscape background. The design is typical of late 19th-century advertising.

This colorful trade card advertises "NOXALL" Clothing, manufactured by Hargadine-McKittrick Dry Goods Co. of St. Louis, MO. The front features a lithographic image of a hunter behind a wooden fence in a natural landscape by a body of water, with a text-based puzzle inviting the viewer to "FIND THREE ANIMALS AND A BIRD." Below the image, it reads: "It requires no search to find value in \u201cNOXALL\u201d Clothing." The reverse side details the advertised products including Shirts, Pants, Overalls, Jumpers, Duck Clothing, and Night Robes, emphasizing "UNION MADE" with a prominent United Garment Workers of America label, "SELECTED MATERIAL," "SUPERIOR WORKMANSHIP," "EXCLUSIVE DESIGNS," and "PERFECTION OF FIT."

This trade card advertises "NOXALL" brand clothing, including shirts, pants, overalls, jumpers, duck clothing, and night robes. The reverse side states that the products are "UNION MADE" under the authority of the United Garment Workers of America (established 1891), featuring an "EMBLEM OF FAIR LABOR." It highlights "SELECTED MATERIAL," "SUPERIOR WORKMANSHIP," "EXCLUSIVE DESIGNS," and "PERFECTION OF FIT," identifying Hargadine-McKittrick Dry Goods Co. of St. Louis, MO, as the "SOLE MANUFACTURERS." The front of the card features a vibrant color lithograph depicting a castle on a lake with snow-capped mountains in the background, accompanied by the motto: "AS THIS SCENE REPRESENTS ONE OF NATURE'S GLORIES, SO 'NOXALL' REPRESENTS ONE OF MAN'S GREAT ACHIEVEMENTS." The reverse has the text in a clear, sans-serif style with a graphic union label. 3.

This trade card advertises L. Loupe, a dealer in dry goods, clothing, boots and shoes, carpets, oil cloths, and matting, located in Gilroy, CA. The card features a humorous black and white illustration titled "Courtship On The Beach," depicting two pairs of feet emerging from under a large beach umbrella, with other figures under smaller umbrellas in the background. The text beneath the illustration details the business's offerings.

This trade card for L. Loupe, a dealer in dry goods, clothing, boots, shoes, carpets, oil cloths, and matting, features a humorous illustration with the caption "IN WANT - OF A DRINK." The image depicts a man, possibly a caricature, leaning against a bar with two barrels (one marked "XX") and a sign for "OLD RYE." The card is designed to advertise L. Loupe's general merchandise business in Gilroy, California, characteristic of late 19th-century retail advertising.

This trade card for L. Loupe, a dealer in dry goods, clothing, boots, shoes, carpets, oil cloths, and matting in Gilroy, California, features a comical illustration titled “A Front Seat in a Rail-Road Car.” The image depicts a person from behind, wearing a large, ornate hat that obstructs the view for anyone sitting behind them on a train. The card uses blue ink on a light background with a simple decorative border. The verso is blank.

A trade card for L. Loupe, a dealer in dry goods, clothing, boots, and shoes, located in Gilroy, California. The card features a \"Merry Christmas and Happy New Year\" greeting. Visually, the card is decorated with a large, ornate red carnation and green foliage, typical of period holiday advertising. The verso is blank. 3.

This trade card advertises L. Loupe, a dealer in dry goods, clothing, boots and shoes, carpets, oil cloths, and matting, located in Gilroy, CA. The card features an illustration titled "A Mistaken Identity," depicting a racist caricature of a Black woman holding an umbrella, confronting a frightened white man. The imagery and text are printed in blue ink on a light-colored card. 3.

This trade card for L. Loupe, a dealer in dry goods, clothing, boots and shoes, carpets, oil cloths, and matting in Gilroy, Cal., features a humorous illustration. The image depicts a portly man with spectacles and a cap, raising a mug and exclaiming, "Vell, here is to mine Healt, Long may I live and prosper!" The word "BEER" is faintly visible in the background. The card is bordered by a simple, repeating geometric pattern at the bottom. 3.

This trade card advertises L. Loupe, a dealer in dry goods, clothing, boots and shoes, carpets, oil cloths, and matting in Gilroy, California. The card features a whimsical black and white illustration at the top depicting two figures in early swimwear on a beach, with one balancing on a horizontal pole, accompanied by the humorous caption "THE SEA! THE SEA! THE BEAUTIFUL, SEE?". The text for the business details is presented in various typefaces, with the business name "L. LOUPE" prominently displayed. **3.

This trade card for L. Peiser & Co. advertises the business as importers, jobbers, and dealers in a wide range of goods, including Zephyr Worsted, Trimmings, Ribbons, Worsted and Cambrick Embroideries, German and Germantown Woolen and Cotton Yarns, Ladies and Gents Furnishing Goods, Genuine Princess of Wales Kid Gloves, Notions, Jewelry, and Perfumery. The card specifies the business address as No. 38 Spring Street, between First and Court, in Los Angeles, California. The card features an ornate Victorian-style border with decorative elements surrounding the text, and employs various fonts, including bold and stylized lettering, typical of late 19th-century commercial printing.

This is a die-cut, fan-shaped trade card advertising Loeb & Etchebarne, a business offering fancy and staple dry goods in San Jose, California. The card features a charming illustration in blue and brown tones depicting two children playing with marbles on a brick wall, adorned with flowers and foliage. Some areas of the card have a silver metallic sheen. The business address, 313 Santa Clara Street, is also prominently displayed. The design and format are typical of late 19th-century advertising ephemera. **3.

This trade card advertises M. Sulzberger's "One Price Store" located at 35, 37, and 39 Avenue D, corner of Fourth Street, New York. The business sold fine millinery, dry goods, fancy goods, and gent's furnishing goods, and was an agent for Butterick's Patterns. The front of the card features a color lithograph depicting four children holding a large blank rectangular sign, surrounded by floral and leafy decorative elements. The imagery is characteristic of late Victorian-era advertising.

This trade card advertises Max Greenhood & Co., importers of Dry & Fancy Goods, located at No. 1017 Broadway, between 10th and 11th Streets, Oakland, California. The card features a central illustration of a shaggy brown dog with its tongue out, playing with a red ball, against a blue patterned background. The text is printed in a straightforward serif font. **3.

A colorful trade card for Mrs. H. Loewenthal's Continental Ladies' Suit Store, located at 641 South Street, Philadelphia. The store specialized in ladies' suits, children's clothes, and ladies' underwear. The card features an ornate Victorian-style design with a vibrant sprig of blue, orange, and red flowers with green leaves, adding a decorative touch to the advertisement. 3.

This trade card for Newman & Levinson, located at 129 Kearny Street in San Francisco, advertises them as successors to Buyer & Reich and as importers and dealers in "Berlin Zephyrs, German Yarns, Canvas, Hosiery, Laces, Chenille, Embroidery, Fancy Goods, Floss, Beads, White Goods, Trimmings, Etc." They also specialized in "Kid Gloves" and offered "Gilt and Silver Trimmings for Theatrical and Society Purposes," as well as "Stamping of all kinds." The recto of the card features an oval illustration of a young couple seated on a bench by the seaside at night, reading a book under a "Full Moon," with a sailboat on the water and a lighthouse in the distance. The verso displays the business details in a variety of fonts. 3.

This is a trade card for Rosenbaum & Co., a business located at 112, 114, 116 Market St., Pittsburgh, PA. The card advertises "Cloaks, Dress Trimmings, Millinery, Lace Goods, &c." The card features a prominent lithographic illustration of a large pink rose and a rosebud with green leaves and a thorny stem, typical of decorative styles of the late 19th century. The business name and product offerings are presented in a white box with a simple border. 3.

This trade card features advertisements for two distinct businesses. The recto side displays a lithographic illustration of a baseball player falling, titled "Bravo! The Pet of the Nine," and promotes "MERCHANT'S GARGLING OIL," stating it was first introduced in 1833, manufactured by M. G. O. Co. in Lockport, N.Y., and sold by druggists. It also mentions "JOHN HODGE, Sec'y." The verso side advertises S. Levy, a dealer in Fancy Goods, Notions, Kid Gloves, Hosiery, Gloves, Embroideries, Laces, Wooden and Willow Ware, Zephyrs, Yarns, Canvas, and other novelties in fancy needlework, located on College Street in Oberlin, Ohio. The text on both sides is presented in various decorative typefaces typical of late 19th-century advertising.

This colorful trade card advertises S. Wertheimer, a dry goods and notions store located at 701 & 703 N. Second Street, N. E. Cor. Fairmount Ave., Philadelphia. The card features an illustration of a child bending down to smell a bush of red roses, rendered in a chromolithographic style typical of the late 19th century. The business name and address are printed below the illustration. The verso of the card is blank. 3.

1.

This circular trade card, shaped like a tambourine, advertises Shoneman Brothers, a "Leading Trimming and Fancy Goods Establishment" located at 116, 118, 120 & 122 N. Eighth St., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The front features a color lithograph titled "The Morning Prayer," depicting an elderly woman holding an infant, with another young girl standing beside her and a cat playing on the floor in a domestic interior. The reverse side explicitly states "The Lowest Prices Guaranteed" and includes details about the business. A cardboard hanger, manufactured by Wolf & Co. of 243 & 245 Arch St., Philadelphia, is attached to the top of the card.

This trade card advertises Thomson's Patent Glove-Fitting Corsets, which were sold by Isaac Praeger & Sons of Parkersburg, West Virginia. The verso of the card promotes the corsets, claiming they had been popular for fifteen years and were "the most popular Corsets throughout the United States," praised for their construction and ability to create a "perfect figure." It also mentions different "G" quality styles: E (Pitti-Sing), D (Yum-Yum), and Ventilating Style (Peep-Bo). The front of the card features a color illustration of three white women dressed in stereotypical Japanese kimonos, holding corsets. They are labeled "Pitti-Sing," "Yum-Yum," and "Peep-Bo," referencing characters from Gilbert and Sullivan's "The Mikado." The card includes a crown "TRADE MARK" logo and ornate text for "Thomson's Patent Glove Fitting." The imagery reflects a problematic and racist depiction of Asian culture. **3.

This trade card advertises Weichselbaum & Schwamenfeld, manufacturers of quilts and jobbers in dry goods, notions, trimmings, and ladies' and gent's furnishing goods, with auction goods as a specialty. The business was located at 548 North Second Street, below Green, in Philadelphia. The front of the card features a colorful pastoral scene depicting a man in a horse-drawn cart on a dirt road beside a body of water at sunset or sunrise, with a tree and lush foliage. The verso displays the company's full advertisement, utilizing various decorative Victorian-style fonts for emphasis on different product categories.

This trade card advertises Broadhead Dress Goods manufactured by William Broadhead & Sons in Jamestown, NY, and sold by Meier & Frank, dealers in dry goods, notions, &c., in Portland, Oregon. The front features a colorful lithographic illustration of three sheep in a pastoral setting under a sunset sky, with ornate Victorian-style lettering for "Buy the Broadhead Dress Goods." The reverse side provides detailed guarantees about the quality of Broadhead Dress Goods and an advertisement for Meier & Frank, inviting customers to examine their assortment of celebrated Broadhead Dress Goods.

This trade card advertises A. Adler's dry goods and clothing store located at 43 West King Street in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. The front of the card depicts a woman trying on a shoe while a man stands behind a counter. Text on the card advertises suits, cloaks, dry goods, and notions. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card, printed on early glossy stock, advertises A. Adler, a dry goods merchant located at 26 West King Street in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features the business name and address in a simple, formal typeface. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises A. Block, a dry goods merchant in Keyport, New Jersey. The front of the card depicts a sailboat with a family on board, enjoying a peaceful day at sea. The illustration showcases a family on a sailboat against a background of water.

This trade card advertises A. Cohen, an importer and dealer in china, glass, crockery, lamps, oil, and other goods. The card features a die-cut of a horseshoe with an owl sitting on it. The front of the card lists two addresses for the business: 673 Fulton Street and 201 Court Street, both in New York City. The back of the card is blank. [The collection also includes two crocks with the business's advertisement impressed on them.]

This trade card advertises A. J. Goldman, a dry goods merchant located at 8 King Street, Troy, New York. The front of the card features an image of Cupid. The back of the card includes a full advertisement for the store. [A. J. Goldman closed his dry goods store in 1885 due to a sheriff's order.]

This trade card for A. Jessel, a ladies' dress and dry goods store in Columbia, Pennsylvania, features a young girl dressed in floral-patterned clothing. The girl stands in a pose reminiscent of Victorian-era fashion plates. She is depicted in the center of the card, with text above her and below, likely indicating the name of the business and address. The back of the card is blank. [Based on the card's style and the date range of the collection, it's likely that A. Jessel was a Jewish merchant running a successful dry goods store in Columbia, Pennsylvania.]

This is a miniature Victorian-era trade card for A. L. Frankenthal, a dealer in pocket books and leather articles located at 3 Temple Street in Boston, Massachusetts. The front of the card features an ornate design, and a dark and decorative background. The card is small, measuring 1 3/4 inches by 1 1/8 inches. The back of the card is blank.

This fan-shaped trade card advertises A. Leavens & Co., a dry goods store located at 45 Market Street in Lynn, Massachusetts. The front of the card features a portrait of a young woman with a dark, braided bun. The card is printed in black ink and features a decorative floral border. The reverse side of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises A. Levy & Sons, a dry goods store located on the corner of Main and First Streets. The front of the card features an illustration of a cat and geese fighting. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises A. Levy & Sons, a general store located at the corner of Main and First Streets in Woodland, California. The front of the card features a humorous illustration of a pig being chased by a dog. The background depicts a wooden fence and a field. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises A. Lewis & Co., a dry goods store in Watsonville, California. The front of the card features a whimsical illustration of two women wading in a body of water. The woman on the left appears to be holding a basket. Both women wear long dresses, and the one on the left is wearing a hat. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises A. Lippmann & Co., a dry goods store located at 903 Broadway, between 8th and 9th Streets, in Oakland, California. The front of the card depicts a bustling scene of people entering the store. The illustration is done in black sepia tones on a cream background. The back of the card provides a full advertisement for the store, featuring a list of items sold, including clothes, bed linens, and more.

This trade card advertises A. Schwartz & Son, dry goods merchants located at 133 Canal Street, New Orleans, Louisiana. The card is shaped like a bell and features a floral design on the front. The back of the card has an advertisement. The advertisement states that A. Schwartz & Son is an agent for Paris manufacturers. The back of the card is also decorated with an illustration of a farm scene.

This trade card advertises A. Selig, a milliner located at 38 West 23rd Street in New York City. The front of the card features a small illustration of two children standing in front of a blackboard, with one pointing to something on it. The back of the card contains a full advertisement for A. Selig's millinery business.

This trade card advertises A. Shwartz & Son, a store selling ladies' and children's suits and underwear located at 133 Canal Street in New Orleans, Louisiana. The card is designed with a bell-shaped design, and the front of the card includes the announcement that the store is an agent for foreign manufacturers in Paris. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises A. Stern, a dry goods merchant located at 7th Street N.W., Washington, D.C. The front of the card is a die-cut fan shape with a design of grapes and vines. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises A. Wimpfheimer & Bro., importers of dry and fancy goods, located at 12 Central Building, Great Falls, New Hampshire. The card features a simple design with the business name and address prominently displayed. The back of the card is blank. [The company was active in Jewish affairs.]

This trade card advertises A. Wurtenberg and Co., a dry goods and house furnishing store in Fort Edward, New York. The front of the card features a yellow rose with a scene behind it. [The store was a member of the Jewish Publication Society, a non-profit organization that aimed to promote Jewish literature and culture.] The card's back is not visible.

This trade card advertises A. Wurtenberg and Co., a dry goods store located in Fort Edward, New York. The front of the card features a large red rose with a smaller scene behind it. The card is likely from the late 19th Century. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card for A. Wurtenberg and Co., located in Fort Edward, New York, features a large white rose with a scene in the background. The card appears to be printed on heavy stock paper. The rose is centered on the card and occupies much of the front. The background scene is visible behind the rose.

This small trade card, measuring approximately 2.5 by 4 inches, advertises Acker & Sons, a dry goods merchant located on Main Street in Morenci, Michigan. The front of the card is primarily a stock card for W. Rosenthal, Mfg. in Baltimore.

This trade card advertises Alfred Wolff & Co., a dry goods store located at 349 Larimer Street in Denver, Colorado. The front of the card features a comical illustration of a man wearing a hat and coat. The back of the card provides more detailed information about the business.

This die-cut trade card, part of a set of three, advertises Altman, Jacob G., a dry-goods merchant in Baltimore, Maryland. The front features a fan-shaped design with roses forming a wreath. The back of the card includes a full advertisement and lists the store's address at 507 1/2 West Baltimore Street.

This trade card advertises Aronson Bros., a clothing and dry goods store in Tama, Iowa. The front of the card features a whimsical illustration of a goose chasing a dog. Another dog is grabbing the goose's leg. A black crow is also depicted near a hatchet. The back of the card includes a full advertisement. This is one of four trade cards. [The card is related to the Gage-Downs Corset Co., a corset manufacturer from a neighboring town, but the card does not have any information relating to the corset company.]

This trade card advertises Arthur Rosenberg's millinery and fancy goods store in Allegheny, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a cute kitten playing with a die-cut artist's palette. The card is rectangular and has a red border. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Austen's Forest Flower Cologne, sold by L. W. Levy in Charleston, West Virginia. The front of the card is dominated by a large, elaborate illustration of the cologne bottle and flowers. The back of the card features three advertisements for other merchants in different locations. The first advertises a shoe store. The second advertises a dry goods store, and the third advertises a clothing store.

This trade card advertises B. Rosenthal's Staple & Fancy Dry Goods store, located at 2804 Cass Avenue in St. Louis, Missouri. The front of the card features an advertisement for the Universal Fashion Company of London, Paris, and New York. The card measures 4.75 inches by 3 inches. The back of the card provides more detailed information about the business.

This trade card advertises Benjamin V. Kurtz and Mrs. Kurtz, a dry goods store located in Parkersburg, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features an image of a floral and lake scene. The main street is also visible in the background. The back of the card provides detailed information about the store and its offerings. This is an unusual advertisement for a separate husband and wife store. It suggests that the store was jointly operated.

This trade card advertises Bennison, Liebmann & Co., a dry goods store located at 1157 & 1159 Broadway in Oakland, California. The front of the card features an illustration of an owl perched in a tree, with its wings spread, against a background of an idealized landscape. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Bennison, Liebmann & Co. at 1157 and 1159 in Oakland, California. The front of the card depicts children in a boat on a body of water. The image is a stylized, simple line drawing. [Bennison and Liebmann were dry-goods merchants in Oakland, California. The business operated in the late 19th century.]

This trade card advertises Berliner Brothers, dry goods merchants located at 75 Avenue A, corner of 5th Street, in New York City. The front of the card features an illustration of a group of babies' heads, all positioned close together. The card has a red border. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Bernheimer Bros. & Co., a dry goods emporium located at 912 Main Street, Kansas City, Missouri. The front of the card features an illustration of a boy sitting on a stool with a cereal bowl in his lap. He is petting a cat with his right hand. Text on the card reads, “BARGIN DRY GOODS EMPORIUM.” [Bernheimer Bros. & Co. was active in Jewish affairs].

This trade card advertises Bernheimer Bros. & Co., a dry goods merchant located at 912 Main Street in Kansas City, Missouri. The front of the card features a young girl holding a cat on her lap, surrounded by a floral border. The back of the card is blank. The illustration appears to be in a cartoon style, with a distinct outline for the girl and cat. The card has a red border and the text is in black.

This trade card advertises Bloom's, a dry goods and fancy goods store in New York City. The front of the card features a whimsical illustration of a boy and girl reading a book. The illustration is created in pastel tints and ink. The back of the card provides details about the store's inventory, which includes a wide array of items including women's and children's clothing, lace, and artificial flowers. The card employs over a dozen different fonts in a well-designed layout.

This trade card advertises Bloom's, a dry goods and house furnishings store located in New York City. The front of the card features a playful illustration of children marching. The back of the card is a full advertisement with a calendar. The card includes an 1877 date.

This trade card advertises Bloom's, a dry goods and house furnishings store located at 48 and 50 West 14th Street, New York. The front of the card features a charming illustration of two children, a boy and a girl, reading a book together in a park setting. The back of the card provides more detailed information about the business.

This trade card advertises Bloomingdale Bros. and their selection of Easter novelties, cards, and ornamental devices for Easter tokens. The front of the card features a spray of flowers surrounded by a background of red and blue, with Ben Day dots adding texture. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Bloomingdale Bros. a general store. The front of the card is dominated by a large illustration of a bouquet of roses in a vase. It is printed in shades of red, white, and green. The back is blank.

This trade card advertises Boston Store, owned by Isaac Tuch, located at 30 Front Street, Owego, New York. The card features a winter scene with a red rose in the foreground, and a man riding in a horse-drawn cart in the background. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Boston Store, owned by Meyer Bros. on the front of the card is a bust of a woman, possibly representing a goddess. The card includes the business address: 21 Peace Street, New Brunswick, NJ. It also lists branch stores located in Paterson and Newark, New Jersey. The back of the card contains a full advertisement. The trade card has a red border.

This trade card advertises Boston Store, owned by Meyer Bros., located at 239 Main Street in Paterson, New Jersey. The front of the card depicts a soldier eating porridge. It also advertises a branch store at 771 & 773 Broad Street, Newark, New Jersey. The back of the card is a full advertisement.

This trade card advertises C. I. Baumgartner, a dry goods store with locations in both Lambertville and Trenton, New Jersey. The front of the card features a woman in a Japanese-style dress. The illustration is likely intended to evoke an exotic or fashionable image associated with imported goods, a common marketing strategy in the late 19th century. The back of the card has additional details and locations for the store.

This trade card for C. I. Baumgartner, a dry goods merchant, is located at 17 & 19 East State Street in Trenton, New Jersey. The front of the card features a woman with a muff and skates, poised on a pond. The figure is raised and appears to be in a prominent position in the scene. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises C. I. Baumgartner, a dry goods and notions store located at 117 East State Street in Trenton, New Jersey. The front of the card features a sprig of white and pink flowers and berries. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises C. Nathan & Co., a dry goods store located at 10 Mill Street, Grass Valley, Nevada County, California. The front of the card features a humorous illustration of a married couple arguing. They are depicted in a domestic setting, possibly in their living room. The card has a decorative border, the business name in a prominent red font.

This trade card advertises the dry goods store of C. Weisenberger, located at 1732 South 4th Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a simple illustration of a vase with a bouquet of flowers. The background is mostly blank, leaving space for the business name and address. The card is printed in black and white. The back of the card is blank.

The front of this trade card features a colorful floral design with red roses. The text on the front indicates the business is located at 25 North Eighth Street. The back of the card includes a full advertisement that lists the products sold by Charles Kaufman's, including laces of all descriptions, gloves, and buttons.

This trade card advertises Charles Mayer & Co. of Indianapolis, Indiana. The front of the card features a couple sitting at a table surrounded by a variety of items including fancy goods, jewelry, musical instruments, and games. It's likely they are a general store. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Chas. Kahn's dry goods store, located at 460 North Second Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The card is illustrated with a young girl in a red dress holding a flower and wearing a fancy hat. There is a green background with a floral pattern. The text on the front of the card is partially obscured by a red stamp or sticker. The back of the card is fully printed with an advertisement.

This trade card advertises Chas. Reizenstein, a dry goods and notions store located at 152 & 154 Federal Street, Allegheny, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a simple illustration of a vase with flowers. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Cohen & Gately's, a dry goods merchant located at 919 Main Street in Kansas City, Kansas. The front of the card features a charming illustration of two children, a boy and a girl, playing with puppies. The illustration is done in a blue sepia tone with some pink sepia accents, particularly in the girl's tall hat. The background features a gray color scheme. The back of the card contains a full advertisement for the business.

This trade card advertises Cohen, Davis & Co.'s Golden Rule Bazaar in Portland, Oregon. The front of the card depicts a bust of a peasant child in costume. The back of the card lists two addresses: 162 First St. and 10-14 Morrison St., and provides more information about the business. It promotes their selection of bronze statuary, fans, parasols, and novelties of all kinds.

This trade card advertises Cordoza & Co., located at 1005 Main Street in Richmond, Virginia. The front of the card features a lithograph of a woman. The back of the card contains a full advertisement for corsets.

This trade card advertises D. Hartfield, a dry goods store located at 326 Bleecker Street, New York City. The front of the card features a woman walking, while a seamstress fits the hem of her dress. The card includes the phrase “Star Braid.” The back of the card advertises the business as “The Old Reliable Stand” and notes that they have been established for 21 years.

This trade card advertises D. Mayer, a millinery and fancy goods store located at 273 Grand Street, New York, New York. The card is printed on glossy stock. The front of the card features a woodcut illustration of a bonnet, along with an extensive advertisement. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises D. Nartowsky, a dry goods merchant located at 15 South Franklin Street, Titusville, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a girl standing in front of a painting. The card has a red border. The back of the card provides more detailed information about the business. [A daughter of Aaron and Jennie Nartowsky Goldstein was buried in the Jewish Cemetery in Titusville, Pennsylvania in 1950.]

This trade card advertises E. Abraham, a dry goods and dress accessories retailer located at 13 Broadway between 8th and 9th Streets, Oakland, California. The front of the card features an illustration of two children sitting by a campfire. One is holding a book and the other is holding a cooking pot. The other figure appears to be looking at the viewer. Above the image, the text, “SIGN OF THE GOLDEN HORSE SHOE” appears, which may be a reference to the store’s name or a store symbol. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises E. Essmann's dry goods store in San Francisco, California. The front of the card features an illustration of a rural scene, possibly depicting a farm road and a hay harvest. The back of the card is a full advertisement, and it indicates that foreign languages are spoken. The address of the store is listed as 1022 Market Street, opposite Fifth Street, and 17 Eddy Street, opposite the Tivoli.

This trade card advertises E. Essmann, a dry goods store located at 10222 Market Street, opposite Fifth Street, in San Francisco, California. The front of the card depicts a boy and a girl playing. The back of the card contains a full advertisement for men's underwear.

This trade card advertises E. Essmann, a dry goods store located at 1022 Market Street (opposite Fifth Street) and 17 Eddy Street (opposite Tivoli), San Francisco, California. The front of the card displays a charming illustration of a young boy in a rural setting. He is standing next to a farm scene, surrounded by two horses and yellow roses. The back of the card features a full advertisement for summer fashions.

This trade card advertises E. Essmann, a dry goods store located at 1022 Market Street in San Francisco, California. The front of the card features a small lighthouse with red roses growing at its base. The back of the card provides a full advertisement for fall fashions.

This trade card advertises E. Essmann, a dry goods merchant located at 1022 Market Street in San Francisco, California. The card features a small house with snow on the roof and red roses in front. The back of the card is blank, but the front provides a full advertisement for fall fashions.

This trade card advertises E. Essmann's dry goods store located at 1022 Market Street, San Francisco. The card features a unique illustration of a boy holding a paintbrush in front of a large bird perched on a red pillow. The front of the card is designed with a red and black border, while the back features a full advertisement for summer fashions.

This trade card advertises E. Essmann, a dry goods merchant located at 1022 Market Street, San Francisco, California. The front of the card features a boy in a large hat holding a peony with a large stem. The back of the card provides more detailed information about the business.

This trade card advertises E. Essmann, a dry goods merchant located at 1022 Market Street, San Francisco, California. There are two cards in this record, both similar but not identical, depicting strawberries and white flowers. The front of both cards feature the business name, address, and a small illustration of strawberries and white flowers. The back of each card lists a variety of summer fashions and their prices.

This trade card for E. Hurwitz, a dry goods and notions merchant in New Bedford, Massachusetts, features an illustration of a woman in a white dress standing on a rock, with a backdrop of trees. The woman is holding a bottle of Austen Cologne and a small bouquet of flowers, while looking directly at the viewer. The woman's attire and the lush surroundings create a visually appealing and feminine image. The inscription ‘Austen Cologne’ appears across the top of the card, emphasizing the cologne as the featured product. The back of the card includes the business's full address: 183 South Water Street, New Bedford.

This trade card advertises E. J. Levy & Co., a dry goods store located at 213 E. Broad Street, New York. The card features a whimsical illustration of children riding in an egg-shaped hot air balloon, surrounded by clouds. The card's obverse is blank. [E. J. Levy & Co. is listed in the Dry Goods Economist, Volume 66, Issue 4, suggesting the business existed in the late 1880s.]

This trade card advertises E. J. Levy & Co., a dry goods and notions store located at 213 E. Broad Street. The card features an illustration of two children in an egg-shell boat, possibly on water. The back of the card is blank. [E. J. Levy is listed in the Dry Goods Economist, Volume 66, Issue 4, as a dry goods merchant in New York City.]

This trade card advertises E. Jacobs, a dry goods merchant located on West Street, opposite the Sotoyome House in Cloverdale, California. The front of the card features a hunter running away from a bear with two dogs. The scene is set in a woodland setting, with autumn colors. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises E. Sherman & Co., a dry goods and notions store located at Hill Street at Salmon, Booth & Co.'s Old Stand in Griffin, Georgia. The card is white with black text and features a simple design. The front of the card features the name of the business, its address, and the phrase 'Dry Goods and Notions.' The back of the card is blank. The image shows a large building with the store name visible in the window, and the store location above it. The building appears to have a front entrance with a pair of doors, which could be either double or single.

This trade card advertises Edwin C. Burt's store in Toledo, Ohio. The front of the card features an advertisement for AUSTENS FOREST FLOWER COLOGNE with the address 94 MAIN STREET printed beneath. The back of the card is blank. [This card appears to be from the collection of J. Reizensten].

This trade card advertises Ehrichs', a dry goods store located at Eighth Avenue and 24th Street, New York City. [Ehrich Bros. is a Jewish-owned dry goods store.] The front of the card features a stylized Art Deco illustration of three girls. Two young girls, one with a white dress, one with a blue dress, are standing in the foreground while the other girl is walking towards them holding flowers. A boy in a raincoat stands behind the two girls in the foreground. There is a red border around the illustration. The back of the card is a full advertisement for Ehrichs'.

This trade card advertises Ehrichs', a clothing and dry goods store located at Eighth Avenue and 24th Street in New York City. The front of the card features a red bird with black wings and a black head sitting on a branch. The back of the card provides more detailed information about the business.

This trade card advertises Ehrichs', a clothing and dry goods store located at 8th Avenue and 24th Street, New York. The front of the card features a small kitten wearing a shoe. The back of the card has a full advertisement featuring two well-dressed women. The back opens up to reveal a full advertisement size, though the card itself is half the size of the shoe advertisement.

This trade card advertises Ely, Hunsberger & Ely, dry goods merchants located at 1220 Chestnut Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features an illustration of three children playing. A young boy walks off with a girl. The card has a decorative border.

The trade card is for F. Friedman, a dry goods store in Lewiston, Maine. The front of the card depicts a cluster of colorful carnations. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises F. Lazarus Dry Goods, located at 237 North Gay Street in Baltimore, Maryland. The front of the card features a silhouette of a woman in a dress holding a lantern and standing in a crescent moon. This is surrounded by stars and a small starburst design, above a floral pattern. The design is set against a white background with a black border. The back of the card is blank. The card measures 4 inches by 6 inches.

This trade card is a die-cut leaf shape. It advertises F. Lazarus Dry Goods & Notion House, located at 237 N. Gay Street in Baltimore, Maryland. The card features a stylized depiction of a leaf in gold with the store's name written inside. The card is shaped like a leaf and is in excellent condition.

This trade card advertises F. W. Rosenthal & Co., a business specializing in fine paper hangings. The card is printed on a light blue background with a black border and features a humorous illustration of a man preparing to kill a goose. The man is dressed in black and white, with a top hat, and is holding a knife in his right hand, pointing towards a goose that is tied to a chair. The goose looks fearful and appears to be trying to escape. The front of the card also includes the company's address: 410 & 412 North Fourth Street, St. Louis, Missouri. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Feist's, a dry goods store located in Santa Clara, California. The front of the card features a humorous illustration of a boy kissing a girl. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Feldmann, Schaaf & Fries, a dry goods business located at 1600 & 1602 South Broadway, St. Louis, Missouri. The front of the card features a woman in a yellow and green dress holding a fan. The back of the card contains a detailed advertisement, listing the names of the partners in the business: Jos. V. Feldmann, J. G. Schaaf, and Oscar R. Fries.

This trade card advertises Fleishman Bros., dry goods merchants located at 92 Market Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The card is designed with a simple, elegant typography. The front of the card displays the business name and address, while the back is blank.

This trade card advertises Frankenstein & Co., a dry goods store located at 6 Main Street, Westerly, Rhode Island. The front of the card features an illustration of a boy holding a basket of geese. The illustration is surrounded by decorative elements, including flowers. The background is a green and brown color scheme. The back of the card is blank. [Arthur Frankenstein, a prominent figure in Jewish affairs on a national level, eventually took over the business and renamed it Arthur Frankenstein & Co., a manufacturing company.]

This trade card advertises Frauenthal Bros., clothing and dry goods merchants located at 25 South Main Street, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania. The card features three monkeys, one wearing a shoe, another with a hat, and a third in blue clothing. The monkeys are all holding sticks, creating a whimsical and playful scene. The design of the card is simple, featuring only a black and white image with minimal text. This card is one of three. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Friedberger & Strouse, wholesale and retail dry goods merchants located at 111, 113, and 115 North Eighth Street in Philadelphia. The card features a colorful image of a bouquet of roses. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Fuld & Bochlowitz, a dry goods store located at 568 & 570 Broadway, and 50 & 54 James Street in Albany, New York. It features a depiction of Rapunzel, a character from the fairy tale, lowering a rope of yarn down from her tower window for her lover to climb. The card highlights the business's specialty: hosiery. It also advertises 'Star Brand Fleisher's Worsted Yarns.' The card is printed in black ink on a cream-colored card stock. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises G.D. Gorman's Popular Dry Goods Store located at 37 and 39 West Broad Street in Hazleton, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a paint pallet with a bird perched on a flower. The card advertises the store as selling Ladies, Misses, and Children's clothes. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Gans Bros., a clothing store located at 219 Main Street, Evansville, Indiana. The front of the card depicts a cowboy roping a bull. The back of the card is a full advertisement for the business.

This trade card advertises Goetter, Weil & Co., dry goods merchants. The card lists the business as agents for Austen's Forest Flower Cologne. The address for the business is in Montgomery, Alabama. The card has a red border and a stylized floral illustration.

This trade card advertises Gold, Baum & Co., a dry goods store in Marshalltown, Iowa. The front of the card features a portrait of a woman wearing a corset. This was the first dry goods store in the county and opened in 1882. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Goldsmith & Cooper, dry goods merchants located at the corner of Fourth and L Streets in Portland, Oregon. The front of the card features an image of a baby holding a doll and colored shells above. [Goldsmith and Cooper were both early Jewish families in Portland, Oregon.] The back of the card features a full advertisement in the form of a pallet, showcasing the variety of goods they sold.

This trade card advertises Goldstein & Weinman, a dry goods store in Albuquerque, New Mexico. The front of the card features an illustration of a woman wearing a kamona. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Gross Bros., dry goods merchants located at 108 West Market Street. The front of the card features an elegant woman in a blue dress and bonnet holding a white bird in her left hand. She stands in a floral setting. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises H. & N. Weinheimer, dry goods merchants located at 76, 78, and 80 Butternut Street in Syracuse, New York. The front of the card features a winter scene with holly and other holiday decorations. The card is likely from the late 1800s, as the back is blank and the print quality reflects that era.

This trade card advertises H. & N. Weinheimer, a dry goods and grocery store located at 76, 78, & 80 Butternut Street in Syracuse, New York. The front of the card features a pastoral scene near a body of water with flowers. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card is a national advertisement for Acme Soap. The front of the card depicts a boy riding on a large cloud of soap. The back of the card features a full advertisement for H. & N. Weinheimer. The card lists three addresses for Weinheimer: 76, 78, and 80 Butternut Street. The trade card advertises both dry goods and groceries.

This trade card advertises H. & N. Weinheimer, a dry goods merchant located at 76, 78, and 80 Butternut Street, Syracuse, New York. The front of the card features a stylized image of a girl holding a sheaf of wheat. The design is simple, with an emphasis on the text. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Forest Flowers Perfume, a fragrance sold by both H. Heynemann & Co. in San Francisco, California, and W. J. Austen & Co. in Oswego, New York. The card features an illustration of a boy and a girl standing together, perhaps representing a young couple. The boy has his arm around the girl's waist. The girl is holding a bouquet of flowers. There is a background scene with a rustic wooden fence. The front of the card includes a note at the top stating 'National Card.' The back of the card includes a full advertisement for Forest Flowers Perfume.

This trade card advertises H. Levison, a dry goods and fancy goods store located at 323 Montgomery Street and 733 Market Street, San Francisco, California. The front of the card features a woman in a stylish French costume, wearing a black flowered hat. She stands on a floral-patterned rug with a large vase of flowers in the background. There are also two men, a waiter and a customer, depicted in the illustration. The back of the card is a full advertisement for H. Levison's business.

This trade card for H. Sundheim, a dry goods retailer, features a small rose in a blue bow. The address, 318 N. Second Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania is printed on the card. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card for H. Sundheim, a dry goods merchant, features a large rose illustration. The address, 318 N. Second Street, is printed below the rose. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises H. Wolf & Bro., a dry goods store located at 206 & 208 Sixth Street, below Howard Street, in San Francisco, California. The front of the card features a young child holding a pink rose and a towel, and the text of the address is located above them. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Hart & Blauvelt, a dry goods and fancy goods store located at the corner of Broadway and Main Street in Nyack, New York. The card features a hand holding a bouquet of flowers, suggesting the sale of fancy goods. The front of the card features red and black ink, likely indicating a red border and black text. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Hassler's, a dry-goods and umbrella store located at 224 North Eight Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a pink rose, a common motif found in advertising materials of the time. The back of the card contains further details about the business.

This trade card advertises Hecht & Morris, a dry goods store located at 8th Avenue and 47th Street in New York City. The card features an illustration of lilies, a common motif in trade cards of the period. The image is in black and white. The card appears to be blank on the back.

This trade card advertises Hess Bros. Dry Goods at 831-833 Hamilton Street in Allentown, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a winter scene with birds perched on branches. The card is designed to stand upright. The back of the card provides more details about the business. The back is in color, with the same birds and winter scene, but a large red border surrounds the Hess Brothers Dry Goods Advertisement. The back is also surrounded by a blue border.

This is a die-cut trade card advertising Hess Bros., dry-goods merchants located in Allentown, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a man wearing a skullcap. He is leaning over and appears to be holding an advertisement or brochure. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Hyman & Co., located at 155, 157, and 159 West Fifth Street, Cincinnati, Ohio. The front of the card features an image of two young women wrapped in a blanket, likely representing a family scene of togetherness, warmth, and possibly the comfort found in the merchandise sold by Hyman & Co. The address is located at the bottom of the card, with the street and intersecting streets, Race and Elm, noted. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises I. Schwarz, a merchant of fancy goods and notions, as well as ladies shoes. It features an illustration of a well-dressed woman holding a parasol with two doves perched on a rock. The woman's hat matches her dress and shoes, which are black. The address listed on the card is 141 Main Street, Gloversville, New York.

This trade card advertises I. Stein, a dry goods merchant located at 346 Woodland Avenue in Cleveland, Ohio. The card features a stylized pallet shape with a bird perched on top. The card's design is simple, with a single color used for the image. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises J. & A. Cohen, a millinery and dry goods store located in East Batavia, Illinois. The front of the card features a young girl in a red dress and a white hat posing with a basket of flowers in her arms. The card also promotes Down's Corset. [The Cohen brothers are associated with other Jewish retailers in the Chicago area. J. & A. Cohen are noted as having a store in Batavia, Illinois by 1888.] The back of the card is blank.

This trade card for J. Felsner, located at 459 Broad Street, Newark, New Jersey, features an image of a large sprig of autumn leaves on the front. The back of the card displays an advertisement.

This trade card advertises J. Friedman & Co., a dry goods and toy store located at 17 Lisbon Street in Lewiston, Maine. The card features a red rose design in the center, surrounded by text. The text reads 'J. Friedman & Co., Dry Goods & Toys.' The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises J. Laventall's dry goods store, located at the corner of South Pearl Street and Hudson Avenue in Albany, New York. The front of the card features a die-cut yellow rose, adding a decorative touch to the design. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises J. Laventall, a dry goods store located on the corner of South Pearl Street and Hudson Avenue in Albany, New York. The front of the card features a die-cut pink rose. The back of the card is blank. The card has a blue border.

This trade card, die-cut in a violet color, advertises J. Laventall's dry goods store located at the corner of South Pearl Street and Hudson Avenue in Albany, New York. The front of the card showcases the store's name and address with no image. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card, die-cut in the shape of an advertising fan, advertises J. Levy & Son Dry Goods of Canandaigua, New York. It is dated Spring and Summer 1884. The card lists ribbons, lace, gloves, hosiery, and corsets as items for sale.

This trade card advertises J. Levy & Son, a dry goods merchant located at 1207 Market St. Wheeling, West Virginia. It was published in 1884, and features a large, red fan with roses on the front. The back of the card is filled with advertisements for various products.

This trade card, die-cut in the shape of a paint easel, advertises J. Levy Dry Goods of New York City. Located at 93rd Street and Avenue B, the card features an illustration of a young girl holding a basket on the front. The reverse side contains advertising text. The card measures 4 inches by 3 inches.

This trade card advertises J. Lewkowitz's New York Auction House, located at 1314 Stockton Street in San Francisco, California. The front of the card depicts a mother holding a baby. The back of the card contains the full advertisement, with a detailed description of the business and its services. The back of the card features a more detailed image of a woman in a dress holding a baby, with the word 'New York' visible in the background.

This trade card advertises the New York Auction House, owned by J. Lewkowitz and located at 1314 Stockton Street in San Francisco, California. The front of the card features a colorful illustration of a young woman in a red dress and a blue sash, holding a dog's head. The back of the card provides detailed information about the business, advertising embroideries, laces, boots, and shoes.

This trade card advertises J. N. Kersburg's dry goods and carpet business in Medina, New York. The front of the card lists two addresses: 54 Main Street for clothing and hats and 60 Main Street for dry goods and carpets. The card features a gold background with a floral design and the lettering is in black. It's likely the back of the card is blank as the back of the first card is blank. The card is in good condition.

This trade card advertises J. N. Kersburg, a dry goods and carpet merchant located at 54 Main Street in Medina, New York. The card features a dove flying above a rose, with the design resembling an envelope. The front of the card includes the phrase 'Dry Goods and Carpets' in a bold typeface, and 'Clothing, and Hats' in a smaller font. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises J. N. Kersburg, a dry goods and carpet store located at 54 Main Street in Medina, New York. The front of the card features a stylized horseshoe design adorned with red and blue flowers. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises J. N. Kersburg, a dry goods and carpet store located at 54 Main Street, Medina, New York. The front of the card is embellished with flowers adorning a horseshoe. The card is likely dated from around 1885. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises J. N. Kersburg, a dry goods and carpet store located at 54 & 60 Main Street, Medina, New York. The front of the card features an illustration of a farming couple standing in a pasture. The woman is wearing a long dress and bonnet, while the man is wearing a hat and pants. They are surrounded by sheep and other farm animals. The illustration is set against a backdrop of a barn and a field of flowers. The card has a border. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises J. S. Lazarus, a men's furnisher located at 155 Eighth Avenue, New York. The front of the card features a simple illustration of a sailboat against a blue sky and white clouds. The words 'MEN'S FURNISHER...HOLIDAY GOODS IN GREAT VARIETY' are printed in bold, large letters on the card. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises J. Samuels, a dry goods store located at 104, 106, and 108 Kearny Street in San Francisco, California. The front of the card features a stylized image of a cluster of red rose buds, arranged in a symmetrical pattern, and encircled by a black border. The store name and address is printed at the bottom of the card. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card for J. Silverman, a dry goods store located at 222 & 224 Third Street in San Francisco, California, features a young woman in a large red hat, which is adorned with a bow and ribbons. The woman appears to be looking to the left of the viewer. The woman's hair is visible beneath the hat. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises J. Strauss & Co., a dry goods store located at 124 Main Street in Norwich, Connecticut. The front of the card features a charming illustration of a boy and a girl feeding chickens. Both children are dressed in simple clothing. The card is printed in black ink on white paper. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises J.W. Davidson & Co., importers of foreign and domestic dry goods, located at 101 & 103 Kearny Street, San Francisco, California. The front of the card features a playful illustration of four young ladies playing blind man's bluff. The scene is set against a gold background. The back of the card provides more details about the business.

This trade card advertises Jacob G. Altman, a dry goods merchant located at 507 1/2 West Baltimore Street in Baltimore, Maryland. The card is die-cut in the shape of a flower vase. The front of the card is a simple design with the business name and address. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Jacob G. Altman, a dry goods merchant located at 507 1/2 West Baltimore Street in Baltimore, Maryland. The front of the card is a die-cut fan with roses in the fan. The back of the card has a full advertisement, including the address. This is one of three cards with the same design, but each card has different features on the front of the card.

This die-cut trade card advertises Jacob G. Altman's dry goods store, located at 507 1/2 West Baltimore Street in Baltimore, Maryland. The card is shaped like a flower vase, suggesting that Altman sold fabrics and supplies for home decorating or sewing. The card is printed on thick paper and has a reddish brown background. The name “Jacob G. Altman” is printed in large, bold letters and is surrounded by a decorative border. Below the name is a smaller message, “507 1/2 West Baltimore Street.” The back of the card is blank. [Jacob G. Altman was a Jewish merchant who owned a dry goods store in Baltimore, Maryland. He likely sold a variety of goods, including fabrics, sewing supplies, and other household items.]

This trade card advertises Jacob G. Altman, a dry-goods merchant located at 507 1/2 West Baltimore Street in Baltimore, Maryland. The card features a die-cut fan shape with a rose motif across the fan. The fan is a common theme in advertisements for women's clothing and accessories. This may be one of three cards from the same series. The back of the card contains a full advertisement for the business.

This trade card advertises Jacob Katz's Cheap Cash Store, a dry goods store located at 1037, 1039, 1041, and 1043 Winnebago Street in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The front of the card features a simple design, printed in black and white, with the store's name and address prominent at the top. Below that, the text 'Dry Goods Hats' is printed. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Jacoby Bros., a clothing and shoe retailer with locations in Los Angeles, California. The card features a pleasant landscape scene depicting flowers, grass, a small pond, and houses in the distance. The card lists two addresses: 128 to 138 North Spring Street and 123 North Main Street. [Jacoby Bros. was one of Los Angeles' largest dry goods retailers in the 1880s and 1890s. Isaac, Nathan, Charles, Abraham, and Lessor Jacoby went into business in 1878, joining with Leopold Harris in buying out Herman W. Hellman's store. The Jacoby brothers, Leopold Harris, and Harris Newmark all came from the same town of Löbau, West Prussia (later part of the German Empire, now Lubawa, Poland). The Jacobys sold clothing, home furnishings, boots, shoes, hats, et al., both wholesale and retail.]

This trade card advertises Jos. Emanuel & Co., a dry goods store located at 1204 South Broadway, St. Louis, Missouri. The front of the card features a blue bird perched on a branch, surrounded by yellow roses. A house is also depicted in the illustration. The back of the card is blank. [Jos. Emanuel & Co. was a dry goods store in St. Louis, Missouri. The business was founded by Joseph Emanuel, Louis J. Singer, and Frederick A. Pensien. ]

This trade card advertises Jos. Emanuel & Co., a dry goods store located at 1204 South Broadway, St. Louis, Missouri. The front of the card features an illustration of yellow roses and a church in a wintery setting. The back of the card is blank. [Jos. Emanuel & Co. was a partnership consisting of Joseph Emanuel, Louis J. Singer, and Frederick A. Pensien.]

This trade card advertises Jos. Emanuel & Co., a dry goods store located at 1204 Broadway, St. Louis, Missouri. The front of the card features a drawing of a boy wearing a large straw hat, seated on the ground. He appears to be wearing a long white shirt. The image is partially obscured by text on the front of the card. The card may be one of a set, but only the first card is present in this record.

This trade card advertises Jos. Emanuel Dry Goods located at 1204 South Broadway, St. Louis, Missouri. The card features an image of white flowers and a sunset with the text 'Jos Emmanuel Dry Goods' printed above. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Jos. Emanuel Dry Goods, located at 1204 South Broadway, St. Louis. The front of the card features a decorative design of a pot with ivy and purple leaves on a stand. The back of the card is blank. [The business was listed in the 1877 St. Louis Directory as Emanuel, Joseph & Co., with partners Joseph Emanuel, Louis J. Singer, and Frederick A. Pensien, who sold dry-goods at 1204 S. 5th Street.]

This trade card advertises Jos. Emanuel Dry Goods, located at 1204 South Broadway, St. Louis, Missouri. [The 1877 St. Louis Directory lists Joseph Emanuel, Louis J. Singer, and Frederick A. Pensien as partners in the business. Numerous Jewish references can be found for the business on Google.] The front of the card features a simple, stylized illustration of a potted ivy plant on a stand. The background appears to be a simple pattern of lines. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Jos. Emanuel, a dry goods merchant located at 1204 South Broadway, St. Louis, Missouri. The card features a beautiful yellow rose with a robin perched on its stem. A farm is depicted in the background, highlighting the rural setting. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card, featuring a child with a basket of flowers, advertises Jos. Lilienthal, a dry goods store located at 614 N. Second Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The card is simple in design, with a white background and the address and name of the store printed in black lettering at the bottom.

This trade card advertises Joseph Emanuel & Co., a dry goods store located at 1204 South Fifth Street, St. Louis, Missouri. The front of the card features a comical scene of a frog family peering into a clothing store window. The back of the card has a full advertisement.

This trade card advertises Joseph Emanuel & Co., a dry goods store located at 1204 South Fifth Street, St. Louis, Missouri. The card depicts a comical scene with a frog wearing a sporty overcoat. The back of the card is blank, but it is advertised that Joseph Emanuel & Co. sells 'Everything in Dry Goods'.

This trade card advertises Joseph Scherer, a dry goods and furniture merchant located at 149 & 151 S. Broadway, and 85 S. Broadway in Baltimore, Maryland. The front of the card features an image of a young girl in a flowing dress holding a yellow bird on her finger. The background is a solid gold color. The back of the card is filled with a detailed advertisement.

This trade card, printed in the late 19th century, advertises Joseph Scherer, a furniture dealer and dry goods merchant, who operated in Baltimore, Maryland. The front of the card features a girl dressed in a pink dress with her hand around a dog's head. The back of the card provides additional business information. The store's multiple addresses are listed as 149 & 151 South Broadway, as well as 85 South Broadway.

This trade card advertises Joshua Schnurman's dry goods store at 713 Hamilton Street in Allentown, Pennsylvania. The card features an illustration of a child riding a frog. The child is wearing a red and white striped dress and a blue hat. The background is a simple design that includes the store name and address. This trade card was at the Library of Congress Exhibit in Cincinnati (AJA) during 2005.

This trade card advertises Joshua Schnurman's new dry goods store located at 713 Hamilton Street, Allentown, Pennsylvania. The card features an illustration of children, one of whom is dressed as a little Bo-Peep, looking out from a window. The text on the card notes that the store is located opposite the post office. The card's back side is blank.

This trade card advertises Julius Jacobson, a dry-goods merchant in Corry, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a colorful illustration of roses. A vase with red and white roses is depicted in the center. The bottom of the card shows a cat peering at the vase. A group of boys are standing in front of a home outside in the snow, with a snowman in the background. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Julius Meyer & Son, a Dry Goods & Notions store located at 601 & 603 Broad Street in Richmond, Virginia. The front of the card features an illustration of an African American woman looking out her apartment window. The card has a full advertisement on the back.

This trade card advertises Julius Meyer & Son, a dry goods and notions store located at 601 & 603 Broad Street, Richmond, Virginia. The front of the card features an illustration of a Black man looking out of a window in his apartment. The illustration is done in a stereotypical manner, with the figure rendered in a lighthearted and humorous style that is considered racist today. The back of the card contains the full advertisement for Julius Meyer & Son.

This trade card advertises Kahn & Sons, a dry goods store located at 1003 Broadway in Oakland, California. The card features a full-color illustration of a peacock with its tail feathers spread wide. The peacock is a symbol of beauty and elegance, which may have been intended to reflect the high-quality merchandise offered by Kahn & Sons. The card's background is a simple, light blue, allowing the peacock to be the focal point. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Kahn & Sons, a dry goods store located at 1003 Broadway, Oakland, California. The front of the card depicts two girls sitting on a fence. The girls are dressed in different outfits. The girls appear to be chatting or giggling. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Kahn & Sons, dry goods merchants located at 1003 Broadway in Oakland, California. The front of the card features a charming illustration of two women in long dresses serving tea. [The card was on display at the Library of Congress Exhibit in Cincinnati, Ohio during 2005.]. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Kahn & Sons, dry goods merchants located at 1003 Broadway, Oakland, California. The front of the card depicts a mother and two children feeding chicks. There are a variety of chickens, including chicks, roosters, and hens. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Kahn & Sons, a dry goods merchant located at 1003 Broadway in Oakland, California. The front of the card features an image of a mother and a young girl sitting on a park bench. The mother wears a blue dress, and the young girl wears a pink dress. The background is a shaded area of the park. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Kahn & Weiller, a dry goods store located at 119 N. Eutaw St. in Baltimore, Maryland. The front of the card features a floral design, with the store's name and address printed in the center. The card lists their products as dry goods, silks, dress goods, and trimmings. The back of the card is blank.

Trade Card - Charles Kaufman ....25 NORTH EIGTH STREET; BACK...FULL AD.; RED ROSE ON BRANCH...The definitive historical proof confirming that Charles Kaufman and his family were Jewish is documented in Henry Samuel Morais’s 1894 biographical compendium, The Jews of Philadelphia: Their History from the Earliest Settlements to the Present Time. On page 120 of this historical record, the text details the institutional leadership of the local Jewish community, explicitly noting that "Mrs. Charles Kaufman presides over a Ladies' Visiting Committee, embracing fifteen members," which managed welfare and community outreach for the Jewish Congregational School.

This trade card advertises Kaufman's, a dry goods and notions store located at 25 North Eighth Street, Philadelphia. The front of the card depicts two boys. The boy at the top of the card is standing on a tree branch, while the boy below him is positioned on the ground. The back of the card lists the items for sale: gloves and notions of all kinds.

This trade card advertises the dry goods business of L. Cohen in Troy, New York. The card features a red rose with a stylized stem and leaves. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises L. E. Jacobson's clothing and dry goods store, located in the Opera House Block, opposite the Post Office in Northampton, Massachusetts. The front of the card features a comical illustration of a group of schoolgirls on an outing. The back of the card has a full advertisement with prices.

This trade card, for the business L. Harzfeld, advertises their services as manufacturers of novelties in cloaks, suits and other clothing. The card is in portrait orientation. The address for the business is listed as 35 Walker Street, New York City. The bottom right corner of the card has a handwritten note: M. Stern.

This trade card advertises L. L. Adler, a clothier located at 290 Chapel Street, New Haven, Connecticut. The front of the card features an illustration of three puppies. The back of the card provides more detailed information about the business.

This trade card, shaped like a round fan, advertises L. L. Adler, a dry goods store located at 290 Chapel Street, New Haven, Connecticut. The card is printed with a black and white image of a woman with a light-colored dress and black hair. There is a red border on the card with the name 'L. L. Adler' in large letters. There are also illustrations of two other women, a man, and various articles of clothing. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises L. L. Adler's Dry Goods store, located at 290 Chapel Street in New Haven, Connecticut. The front of the card features a simple design with the business name and address prominently displayed. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises L. Rosenbaum & Sons, a dry goods store located at 201 E. Water St. in Elmira, New York. The front of the card features a floral design with stylized mushrooms and flowers, printed in red and black ink. The text, printed in black ink, reads 'WHOLESALE AND RETAIL' at the top, with the address below. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises L. Rosenbaum & Sons, a clothing store located in Elmira, New York. The front of the card has a bell-shaped design and is predominantly white with a black border. The card features a decorative floral design. The business name, L. Rosenbaum & Sons, is written in bold at the top of the card. The back of the card is blank.

This is one of a set of four trade cards advertising L. Rosenbaum & Sons, a dry goods store located at 201 E. Water St., Elmira, New York. The card features a comical illustration of a school boy, depicted as a dunce, with the caption 'I Never Saw That Pin Afore'. The illustration is a racist caricature, and the boy is shown with exaggerated features and dark skin. The card is printed in black and white, and has a red border. The front of the card has the business name and address. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises L. Rosenbaum & Sons, a wholesale and retail dry goods store located at 201 E. Water St. in Elmira, New York. The card features an image of strawberries and flowers. The front of the card has a red border, and the back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises L. Rosenbaum's store, which sold French artificial flowers and feathers. The card features a hand-drawn illustration of a woman with a flower-filled hairdo, wearing a feather boa and holding a fan. The text on the card states 'FRENCH ARTIFICAL FLOWERS & FEATHERS' above the address, 407 & 409 NORTHAMPTON STREET, above 4th, Easton, Pennsylvania. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises L. Rosenheim, Bro. & Co., a dry goods store in Nashville, Tennessee. The front of the card features a hand holding a bouquet of roses. The back of the card contains a full printed letter.

This trade card advertises L. Schiff & Co., a dry goods store located on Ferry Street in Newark, New Jersey. The front of the card features two lovebirds perched on a branch, surrounded by lush foliage. The birds are painted in vibrant colors, creating a sense of tropical beauty. The background includes a scenic landscape with a winding path and distant hills. The back of the card contains further advertising for the business, including a listing of their goods and services.

This trade card advertises L. Stern, a clothing and dry goods retailer located at 17 Canal Street, Lyons, New York. The card features a woman at the top of the design, with a parrot in the lower corner. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises L.B. Weil, successor to Weil Bros., located at 354 Larimer Street, Denver, Colorado. The front of the card features a colorful illustration of children playing on a gold background. There is a red kitten sitting on a chair. The back of the card provides more detailed information about the business.

This is one of four trade cards for Lansburgh & Bro., a dry goods store located at 420 and 406 Seventh Street in Washington, D.C. The card features an illustration of a female teacher surrounded by two young clown-like boys. One boy has a red hat and a red and yellow striped vest. The other boy has a black hat, a blue jacket, and yellow trousers. The teacher has a red and green checkered dress with a white collar. The illustration suggests a playful, family-friendly atmosphere associated with the store. The back of the card is blank.

This is one of four trade cards advertising Lansburgh & Bro., a dry goods store located at 420 and 406 Seventh Street in Washington, D.C. The front of the card depicts a teacher with two clown boys. The back of the card is blank.

This is one of four trade cards for Lansburgh & Bro., a dry goods store located at 420 and 406 Seventh Street NW, Washington, D.C. This card features a teacher and two young clown-like boys, and the inscription “Dry Goods”. The reverse of the card is blank. [Lansburgh & Bro. was a prominent dry goods store in Washington, D.C. It was founded by brothers Isaac and Jacob Lansburgh.]

This trade card advertises Lansburgh & Bro., a dry goods store located in Washington, D.C. The front of the card features a whimsical illustration of a fox jumping to reach grapes in a tower. The tower is surrounded by a vine. The background of the card is a reddish-brown. The card has a light blue border. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Lansburgh & Brother, dry goods merchants located at 420 and 406 Seventh Street, Washington, D.C. The front of the card features a young boy playing bagpipes. He is dressed in a long, dark coat, brown pants, and a white shirt. The boy wears a white hat and a red bowtie. The illustration has a stylized background of buildings, and the text is bold and eye-catching. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card features a young boy, dressed in a costume, playing a lute. The front of the card advertises Leopold Strauss's dry goods, carpets, millinery, and other goods. The business was located at 162 Main Street, Middletown, Connecticut. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card, die-cut in the shape of an Easter egg, advertises Levy & Davis, dry goods merchants located at 1017 & 1019 Main Street, Richmond, Virginia. The front of the card features a girl peering out of the Easter egg. The words “Compliments of Levy & Davis” are printed below the image. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card for Levy & Michelsohn advertises a dry goods store located at 2011 Fillmore Street in San Francisco, California. The front of the card features a man walking towards a snow-covered cottage. The back of the card provides more detailed information about the business. The image is on the front of the card. The back is not blank.

This trade card for Levy & Stearn's Fancy Goods and Toy Bazaar in Cleveland, Ohio, features an illustration of Santa Claus holding a large sack filled with toys. He is standing next to a Christmas tree decorated with ornaments and candles. The card has a Victorian aesthetic, with ornate borders and lettering. It is likely intended to be used for the holiday season to attract customers to their store. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Levy Bros & Co., a dry goods store located at 32 & 34 Market Street in Wilkes-barre, Pennsylvania. The card is die-cut in the shape of a bellows. The front of the card features an illustration of a grand English estate scene with a large, ornate house and a spacious lawn. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Lippmann's, a dry goods store located at 903 & 905 Broadway in Oakland, California. The front of the card features a drawing of a boy in a blue suit and a large, cracked egg on the ground. It is one of four cards in a series. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Lippmann's, a dry goods store located at 903 & 905 Broadway, Oakland, California. The front of the card features a young boy in a red jacket standing at an easel painting trees. There is a bench behind the boy in the scene, along with some vegetation. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Lippmann's, a dry goods and dress accessories store located at 903 & 905 Broadway, Oakland, California. The front of the card features a girl standing next to a giant egg with two doves perched on it. The card has a bright red background and is adorned with decorative elements.

This trade card advertises Lippmann's Dry Goods, a store located at 903 & 905 Broadway in Oakland, California. The front of the card features a young boy standing next to a giant egg and two doves. There are decorative flourishes in the background. The card also includes the store's address, 'Two Doors Above 8th'. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Lippmann's, a dry goods and dress accessories store located at 903 & 905 Broadway, Oakland, California. The front of the card depicts a young girl riding a giant dove, symbolizing the store's focus on fashion and elegance. The inscription 'Two Doors Above 8th' provides additional location information. The back of the card is blank.

This is a trade card for Lippmann's located at 903 & 905 Broadway in Oakland, California. The card is adorned with a charming illustration featuring children and bugs. The front of the card features a colorful, whimsical scene of two children interacting with a variety of bugs, including bees. The illustrations are depicted in a cartoonish style, with exaggerated features. One child appears to be holding a jar containing bugs, while the other is reaching out to touch a butterfly. The image creates a sense of wonder and whimsy, likely appealing to a child audience. This card is part of a set of three.

This is one of four trade cards advertising Lippmann's, a dry goods store located at 903 & 905 Broadway in Oakland, California. The front of the card features a young girl in a pink dress with a large, colorful egg. It is not clear if the egg is a toy or being used for a specific product advertised on the card. There is a blue border surrounding the image and text. The back of this card is blank.

This trade card advertises Lippmann's Dry Goods and Clothing Store in Oakland, California, at 903 & 905 Broadway. The front of the card features a whimsical illustration of children interacting with bugs in a fantasy setting. The children are dressed in colorful clothing and the bugs are realistically depicted. The card is one of a three card set. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Lippmann's, a dry goods and clothing store located at 903 & 905 Broadway, Oakland, California. The front of the card features a playful illustration of a young boy dressed in a gray suit standing beside a broken, large, light-blue egg with a yellow yolk. He is holding a knife in his right hand and a fork in his left. The background includes a blue, yellow, and green floral design. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Lippmann's, a dry goods and general merchandise store located at 903 & 905 Broadway, Oakland, California. The front of the card features a whimsical illustration of children and insects. There is a snail and a large bug with wings and legs on the right side of the card. The card is part of a set of three, and this is the first card in the set. The back of the card is blank. The card features a whimsical, cartoonish illustration of children playing in a park-like setting. There are trees, flowers, a rabbit, a bird, and a cat in the background. The children appear to be dressed in clothing from the Victorian era. The design is colorful and playful, and it is likely meant to appeal to children and adults alike.

This trade card advertises Lippmann's, a dry goods and general merchandise store located at 903 and 905 Broadway in Oakland, California. The front of the card depicts a child riding a bird with a stylized and colorful design. Text on the card indicates that Lippmann's is located “two doors down at Eighth.” The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Lippmann's, a dry goods store located at 903 & 905 Broadway, Oakland, California. The card features a girl in a pink dress holding a large egg, perhaps referencing the store's sale of clothing or other goods. The card has a red border and a black and white illustration. This is the third of four cards from this store.

This trade card advertises Loeb & Etchebarne, dry goods merchants located at 313 Santa Clara Street in San Jose, California. The card features a comical illustration of a baggage carrier, likely a person, in a red and sepia color scheme. The background is not visible. The card is printed on a thick, textured paper stock.

This trade card advertises Loeb & Etchebarne, a dry goods store located at 313 Santa Clara Street, San Jose, California. The front of the card depicts a comical scene of a conductor punching a man's ear. The background is a building with a red roof. [The card features the name 'Loeb & Etchebarne' and the address. The card also includes the phrase 'Dry Goods, Notions, Cloaks and Clothing'.] The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Louis Golder, a dry goods merchant located at the Northwest corner of Howard and Tenth Streets in San Francisco, California. The front of the card features a simple image of a rose in a vase. The back of the card contains a full advertisement for Golder's business.

This trade card advertises Louis Goldstein & Sons, a dry-goods store located at 189, 191, and 193 Poydras Street in New Orleans, Louisiana. The front of the card features a playful illustration of two elves holding a bottle of champagne. The back is blank. [This card was on exhibit at the Library of Congress in Cincinnati in 2005.]

This trade card advertises Louis Rubenstein, a clothier located at 595 Third Avenue, New York City. The front of the card depicts a young boy on a hobby horse. The back of the card is a full advertisement for the business. [The card dates to around 1885, a period of significant Jewish immigration to New York City. The special city census of 1854 showed a population of 10,777, including a growing Jewish community that established the B'nai Abraham congregation in 1852. This community needed a shochet (ritual slaughterer), who often served as a religious leader. The first congregants, mostly German immigrants, included the Bachrach brothers (grocers), tailor David Hermann, clothier Zacharius Hirsch, tailor Moses Jacobs, the Lesem family (dry goods and clothing), and the Samuel brothers (clothiers). The congregation initially held services above David Hermann's store but built a permanent home on Jefferson Square by 1864.]

This trade card advertises Louis Rubenstein, a dry goods merchant located at 595 Third Avenue, New York. The front of the card features a die-cut pallet with a child holding a baby doll. The back of the card provides more detailed information about the business.

This trade card advertises Louis Seligman's Elite Bazaar in Visalia, California. The front of the card features a woman in a brown dress and pink sash, standing by a body of water. The back of the card is filled with text advertising the store. The card was displayed at the Library of Congress Exhibit in Cincinnati as part of the American Jewish Archives (AJA) collection in 2005.

This trade card advertises Lyon Brothers, wholesale dry goods merchants located at 33 Cortland Street in New York City. The front of the card, which is printed in black ink, features a simple text layout that lists the name and address of the business. The card also advertises the fact that the business serves as an agent for Excelsior Buck Goods, Gloves, National Fire Works, and Mont Glen Paper Company. The back of the card is blank. The card is printed in a plain, simple style.

This trade card advertises M. Goldman & Schagrin, a clothing store located at 139 Third Street, South Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. The card features a racist illustration of a man and woman dressed in fine clothing. The man appears to be stepping out for an evening with the woman, and they are likely wearing clothing sold by M. Goldman & Schagrin. [The card reflects the prevalence of racist imagery during the 19th century.] The card has a green border and a blue and white design. The image is printed on the front of the card and the back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises M. Katz, a dry goods store located at 305 North Eutaw Street, Baltimore, Maryland. The front of the card features an illustration of a young girl gathering pebbles at the seashore. The back of the card appears to be blank.

This trade card advertises M. Kaufman's, a fancy goods store located at 25 N. Eighth Street, Philadelphia. The front of the card features an illustration of a young girl giving her doll a bath. The doll is seated in a porcelain bathtub, and the girl is holding a pitcher, while the doll's head is immersed in the water. The back of the card lists the store's inventory, which includes gloves, threads, ornaments, buttons, and other fancy goods.

This trade card advertises M. Kaufman's, a dry goods store located at 25 North Eighth Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a cherub with a wreath. The back of the card includes a full advertisement.

This trade card advertises M. Kaufman's, a dry goods store located at 25 North Eighth Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a charming illustration of a young girl gathering water from a well. She is wearing a blue and white dress, holding a pitcher in one hand, and a bucket in the other. There are trees and shrubs in the background. The back of the card is fully printed with advertisements.

This trade card advertises the business of M. Kleiner, located at 42 East Grand Street. The front of the card features a drawing of a young girl sitting at a table, sipping tea. She has a hat on her head. The card features the text 'HATS, CAPS, OIL CLOTH ETC.' above 'FANCY DRY GOODS'. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises M. Kohner, a dry goods merchant located at 2403 North Broadway, St. Louis, Missouri. The front of the card depicts a country scene, featuring a quaint farmhouse, a barn, and a cluster of trees. The back of the card is blank. [M. Kohner was active in Jewish affairs.]

This trade card advertises M. Mendelsohn, located at 320 N. Second Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The front of the card displays a delicate illustration of a bird feeding its chicks, set against a colorful background. The text on the card proclaims 'HAIR GOODS A SPECIALTY.' The back of the card is blank.

This trade card for M. Oppenheimer, a dry goods merchant in Milton, Pennsylvania, features an illustration of a woman and a cherub holding red roses. The colors are vibrant, with yellow, white, and red dominating the scene. The back of the card contains a full advertisement. It appears to be a trade card from the late 19th Century. The woman is wearing a fashionable long, dark dress with a pale shawl that is gathered at her waist, while the cherub holds roses. The woman's blonde hair appears to be pulled back and she has a long, narrow, elegant neck.

This trade card for M. Rosendorff & Sons, dry goods merchants, features a prominent illustration of red and yellow roses with an Irish harp. The design is simple and elegant, likely to appeal to customers of the time. The card includes the business address: 277 & 279 Grand Street, between Eldridge and Forsyth Streets, New York City. The card has a narrow border of a brown-black color. The back of the card is blank. The text on the card is in English.

This trade card advertises M. Rosenthal & Sons, located at 710 & 712 Pennsylvania Avenue, Baltimore, Maryland. The front of the card features a color lithograph of a lake scene framed by a floral design. The back of the card features advertising for M. Rosenthal & Sons, including a list of their products: baby carriages, refrigerators, straw mattings, carpets and oil cloths, parlor suits, chamber suits, and dining room furniture.

This trade card advertises M. Rosenthal & Sons, a business specializing in baby carriages and refrigerators. The card features a simple design with a basket of roses in the center. It measures 4 1/2 by 3 inches. The business was established 38 years before 1885, meaning it was founded in 1847. [Thomson's mercantile and professional directory from 1851 lists Levi Rosenthal at 30 Pennsylvania Avenue in Baltimore.]

This trade card advertises M. Schneidt's, a dry goods store located at 155 Essex Street, between Rivington and Stanton Streets in New York City. The front of the card features a whimsical illustration of two boys in soldier garb carrying a girl in a cage. The girl is crying. The back of the card provides more information about the business.

This trade card advertises M. Silver, a millinery and dry goods store located at 715 Market Space in Washington, D.C. The front of the card is decorated with a pink rose and bud on a branch of leaves. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises M. Silverberg & Co., a dry goods merchant in Washington, D.C. The front of the card depicts a snowy scene with a church. The business's address is listed as 312 7th Street & 313 8th Street. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises M. Sondheim, a clothier in Weatherly, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a young girl wearing a bonnet, her head tilted in a graceful pose. The back of the card contains a full advertisement for the business.

This trade card advertises M. Sondheim, a clothier located in Weatherly, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a girl holding a doll. The back of the card is a full advertisement for the store. The store's name is abbreviated on the card as SONDHEIM, H...., which suggests the store was likely owned by H. Sondheim, although the card does not list a full name.

This trade card advertises M. Werthheimer & Co., a dry goods merchant in Port Jefferson, New York. The front of the card features a colorful illustration of children playing in the waves. The illustration is in a mid-century style, with a bright palette. The business address, Main Street near Hotel Square, is mentioned on the card but the details of the business are not included. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises M.J. Weinberg & Co., a dry-goods store in Akron, Ohio. The front of the card features a woman wearing a bonnet. The image appears to be a detail from a larger illustration. The back of the card is blank. [The card was exhibited at the Library of Congress in Cincinnati, Ohio, during an American Jewish Archives (AJA) exhibit in 2005].

This trade card, a green die-cut leaf, advertises M.W. Abrahams' Novelties located at 919 Olive Street in St. Louis, Missouri. The front of the card features the name 'M.W. Abrahams' written in a decorative, cursive script. Below that is a 'Novelties' in a smaller font, with a second line listing '919 Olive Street.' The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Mandel Bro's. The card features a woman holding a purse and wearing a hat and dress. Her apron matches the color of her stockings. The card is in black and white.

This trade card advertises Mandel Bro's, a dry goods and clothing store located in Chicago, Illinois. The card features a child wearing nightwear and holding a cigar in a comical pose. The card is likely a promotional item for Mandel Bro's, showcasing their wide selection of clothing and accessories. The back of the card contains advertising details for the store.

This is one of two trade cards for Mandel Brothers European Novelties of Chicago, Illinois. The card measures 4.25 inches by 6.25 inches and is in the Victorian style. It features an excellent portrait of U.S. President Grover Cleveland and his wife. The back of the card is fully devoted to advertising the store. The address listed on the card is 117 to 123 State Street.

This is one of two trade cards for Mandel Brothers, European Novelties, a dry-goods store located at 117 to 123 State Street, Chicago, Illinois. The card features an excellent portrait of U.S. President Grover Cleveland and his wife. The back of the card includes full advertising for Mandel Brothers. The card measures 4.25 inches by 6.25 inches.

Trade Card - Marks & Myers....Children,s heads in flowers...no street address. Verso is blank "Yesterday afternoon at 1 o'clock the funeral of Mrs. M. Marks occurred from the residence on East Eighteenth street and was attended by an unusually large concourse of sympathizing friends of the family. The services at the house were conducted in the presence of the immediate friends of the family by Rev. George E. Rafter and were very impressive. At the grave Jewish services were held, conducted by J. H. Barron, assisted by M. Idelman. The remains were interred in the Jewish cemetery.The pall bearers were Isaac Greentree, Wm. Myers, Benjamin Hellman, Max Engle, Julius Allenstein and Samuel Idelman."

This trade card advertises Mathis & Feldmann, a dry-goods store located at 1600 & 1602 Carondelet Ave., corner of Carroll St., in St. Louis, Missouri. The front of the card features a woman standing in a red room. She is holding a white cloth in her hand, likely representing a piece of fabric for sale. The background features a more detailed image of the interior of the store, with clothing displays, furniture, and a window. The back of the card provides more detailed information about the business.

This trade card advertises Mathis & Feldmann, a dry goods store located at 1600 & 1602 Carondelet Ave., corner of Carroll Street, St. Louis, Missouri. The front of the card features a playful scene of a boy throwing water over a wall and hitting a man. The man is wearing a striped suit. The boy is standing behind a fence and holding a pitcher. The back of the card contains more detailed information about the business.

This trade card advertises Max. Posnansky, a dry goods merchant located at 1268 & 1245 S. Broadway. [The address likely indicates two locations for the business.] The front of the card features a simple illustration of a sailboat with a flag set against a backdrop of leaves and white beads. The design is minimalist and includes no text other than the address and the name of the business. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Meyer Bros., dry goods merchants located at 771-773 Broad Street in New Brunswick, New Jersey. The front of the card features a French woman (likely a fashion figure) dressed in a white dress. The back of the card includes an advertisement.

This trade card advertises Morgenthau Bros. & Co., a Chicago-based dry goods retailer located at 163 State Street. The front of the card features a child wearing a colorful Turkish-style dress, holding a stamp. The child appears to be in the middle of an elaborate, ornamented doorway. The back of the card features an advertisement for the company's gloves and mittens. Prices are listed for various sizes and styles.

This trade card advertises Morgenthau Bros. & Co., a dry goods store located at the corner of State and Monroe Streets, Chicago. The card features an illustration of a group of children playing with toy guns. The children are dressed in their holiday best, suggesting the card was intended for distribution during the holiday season. The card promotes a wide selection of holiday presents, including toys, clothing, and other dry goods. The card is in color and features an ornate border. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Morgenthau Bros. & Co., a clothier located at 163 State Street, Chicago, Illinois. The front of the card features a man sitting at a desk writing with papers scattered about. The back of the card provides more detailed information about the business.

This trade card advertises Morgenthau Bros. & Co., a dry goods store located at 163 State Street in Chicago, Illinois. The front of the card features a woman sitting on a chair, possibly writing a letter. The illustration is done in gold, red, and sepia tones, with the figure against a lighter colored background. The back of the card is a full advertisement. The card is one of two cards in this record.

This is one of three trade cards for Morgenthau Bros. & Co., a dry goods store located at the corner of State and Monroe Streets in Chicago, Illinois. The card depicts a group of children on a beach playing in the water. The back of the card advertises fans and parasols. [The Morgenthau family were Jewish merchants in Chicago and owned a successful dry goods business.]

This trade card, one of a set of three, advertises Morgenthau Bros. & Co., a fancy dry goods store located at the corner of State and Monroe Streets in Chicago, Illinois. The front of the card depicts children enjoying themselves at the seashore under a parasol. Two children are playing in the surf, one in a blue bathing suit and the other in a red and white striped bathing suit. In the background, a building can be seen near a body of water. The back of the card includes a full advertisement for the store.

This is one of four trade cards for Morgenthau Bros. & Co. in Chicago, Illinois. The front of the card features an illustration of three well-dressed children. The image highlights the company's handkerchief department. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Morgenthau Bros. & Co., wholesale dry goods dealers located at the corner of State and Monroe Streets in Chicago, Illinois. The card features an illustration of two well-dressed young girls flanking a baby. The card has a decorative red border, a background of a light blue color, and white flowers in the upper corners. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises the dry goods and dress accessories store of Mrs. F. W. Rice in Oxford, New York. The card features a stylized rose. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card, issued by Mrs. L. A. Rice, advertises her dry goods and dress accessories business in Hamilton, New York. The front of the card features a simple illustration of a baby's head. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises the dry goods business of Mrs. S. Hartz, located at 1119 W. Baltimore Street in Baltimore, Maryland. The front of the card features a simple black and white design, featuring decorative floral patterns and a ribbon across the top. The text at the bottom reads, '1119 W. Baltimore Street.' The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Mrs. W. Rosenfield's millinery shop in Clarksville, Tennessee. The card features a delicate floral design with lilies. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises N. L. Rosenthal's dry goods store located at 21 John Street. The front of the card features a tender scene of a young boy kissing a girl's hand. The back of the card provides more detailed information about the business.

This trade card advertises the clothing and dry goods business of N. Rosenau & M. M. Newman, located at 23 North Eighth Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a charming illustration of two children playing in a field of wheat, with a dog lying in the foreground. The background includes a fence and a house. The card is bordered in gold, with a small blue banner at the top, reading 'Rosenau & Newman.' The back of the card features an advertisement for the business.

This trade card advertises the business of N. Rosenau, located at 23 North 8th Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The card features a small sailboat as the primary image, with a simple illustration of a sailboat with a red sail. The front of the card includes the address and the store name. The back is blank.

This trade card advertises N. Rosenau, a dealer in umbrellas, parasols, and canes located at 23 North Eighth Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The card features a large, stylized horseshoe and a small illustration of a bird. It's likely that this card is from the front, as the back is blank.

This trade card advertises N.A. Moses & Co., a fancy dry goods store located at 43 Tremont Street in Boston, Massachusetts. The card features an image of a woman dressed in a fashionable, long-sleeved gown with a high-necked collar and long gloves, her hair styled elaborately. She holds a bouquet of lily-of-the-valley blossoms. Behind her is a beautiful garden scene with colorful flowers. The card has a decorative green border and a banner at the bottom with the store's name. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises the business of Nathan Frank, a dry goods merchant located at 3 Eagle Block, Ford Street, in Ogdensburg, New York. The front of the card features an elegant woman having her dress sewn by a small figure, perhaps representing a seamstress or a tailor. This image highlights Frank's offering of high-quality goods and tailoring services. The back of the card includes a full advertisement for the business.

This trade card advertises the Naumkeag Credit Co., located at 175 Essex Street in Salem, Massachusetts. The front of the card features a lithograph of an American Indian warrior. The card has a blue card stock. The back of the card has a handwritten note in Yiddish.

This trade card advertises Newman & Levinson, wholesale dry goods dealers, located at 129 Kearny Street between Sutter and Post Streets in San Francisco. The front of the card features an illustration of a couple relaxing on a sandy beach under an umbrella. They appear to be enjoying the sea view. In the background, two ships are seen sailing on the ocean. The words 'Successors to Buyer & Reich' appear on the card. The back of the card is fully printed with more details about the business. [Newman & Levinson were successors to Buyer & Reich.]

This trade card advertises Norton & Green, dry goods merchants located at 126 Main Street, Los Angeles, California. The front of the card features a humorous illustration of a man being chased by a bear. The man is dressed in what appears to be a dark suit and appears to be running away in fear. The bear appears to be following closely behind the man, also in a dark-colored suit, and with a wide, toothy grin. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Oettinger's dry goods store located at 3130 M Bridge Street, between High and Congress Streets in Washington, D.C.. The front of the card features a comical-looking postman standing near a flower pot. The background includes a building, suggesting a city setting. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Oscar Strasburger & Co., a dry goods store located at 445 Broadway, New York. The front of the card features a delicate illustration of three birds, two of which are blue. A nest of eggs is shown beneath a branch of berries, adding a charming touch to the image. The card has a red border around the edges. The verso of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Oscar Strasburger & Co., a dry goods store located at 445 Broadway, New York City. The front of the card features a decorative design with sea shells, leaves, and pink flower bells. This card is one of five in the set. The shells are depicted in shades of yellow, pink, black, and white. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Oscar Strasburger & Co., located at 445 Broadway, New York, New York. The front of the card features an illustration of a tiger cowrie seashell on a colorful leaf. The shell is surrounded by other seashells and leaves. The back of the card is blank. There is an additional trade card in this record, that features a similar design with other seashells.

This trade card advertises Oscar Strasburger & Co., a general store located at 445 Broadway, New York. The front of the card features an illustration of seashells, leaves, and flowers. The back of the card is blank. The card has a red border and is part of a set of five cards.

This trade card advertises Oscar Strasburger & Co. at 445 Broadway, New York, New York. The front of the card features an illustration of two bluejays with a nest and red flowers. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Oscar Strasburger & Co., a dry goods store located at 445 Broadway, New York City. The card features a simple design with three seashells resting on leaves. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Oscar Strasburger & Co., a dry goods store located at 445 Broadway in New York City. The front of the card features an illustration of five birds. Two blue birds are perched on a branch of pink flowers with red berries. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Oscar Strasburger & Co., a dry goods store located at 445 Broadway, New York. The front of the card features an illustration of five birds perched on a branch. Two blue birds with tufted heads are sitting near a nest. The image has a bright, vibrant feel with the birds painted against a background of vibrant orange blossoms. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card for Oscar Strasburger & Co., a dry goods store, features a decorative lithograph design. The card lists the company's address as 443 & 445 Broadway, New York. The trade card is printed on thick paper stock with a decorative border. The front of the card depicts a group of six figures arranged around a large circular banner. The banner displays the company's name in gold lettering. There are five figures: 1) three children in a line, 2) an adult man seated on a chair, and 3) an adult woman standing holding a book. In the background of the scene there are two large trees, one with a large white bird perched on a branch. Two small, winged creatures in a circular design are in the bottom right corner. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Oscar Strasburger & Co., a general store located at 445 Broadway in New York, New York. The front of the card features an image of birds, including two quails and four chicks, surrounded by green leaves. The background of the card is blank. The back of the card, not included in the record, likely contained more information about the store and its offerings.

This trade card advertises Oscar Strasburger & Co., a general store located at 445 Broadway in New York City. The front of the card features a stylized illustration of seashells nestled on leaves. The seashells are mostly pink, with one broken open to reveal its inner pearl. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Ottenheimer Bros., dry goods merchants in Peoria, Illinois. The front of the card features a young woman holding a parasol and standing with a bouquet of flowers. She is dressed in a long, flowing gown and appears to be in a garden setting. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Philip Effinger's, a dry goods store located at 1050 N. Second Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The card is rectangular and features a sprig of flowers in the center. The business name is written at the top of the card in a script font. The back of the card is blank. The front of the card is printed on thin paper with a slightly yellowed tone and the flowers appear to be printed in shades of purple, blue, and green. The card is smaller than average. The card is approximately 2.5 inches by 3.5 inches.

This trade card advertises Posner's, a general store located on Lexington Avenue in Baltimore, Maryland. The front of the card features an illustration of Don Quixote riding a horse. The back of the card includes a full advertisement for the store.

This trade card advertises R. Frauenthal, a dry goods merchant located at 29 S. Main Street, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a large portrait of a young woman wearing a white feathered hat. She is depicted in a formal, elegant manner, likely intended to convey the quality and refinement of Frauenthal's merchandise. The portrait is surrounded by a decorative border and includes a small illustration of a man in a suit and holding a cane, possibly indicating the availability of clothing and accessories for men. The back of the card is not visible in the scan.

This trade card advertises the dry goods and house furnishings business of R. Shulman, located at 361 Main Street between Cabot and Hamilton Streets, in Holyoke, Massachusetts. The card is a simple design, featuring the store name and address printed in black ink on a white background. The back of the card is blank. [The trade card suggests that Shulman was a Jewish merchant.]

This trade card advertises Rose Goldstrom, a dry goods store located at 807 South 6th Street and 813 Passyunk Avenue in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a winter scene with a snowy landscape. The card also includes a border on the top and bottom with decorative elements and a floral design. [Rose Goldstrom was married to Louis, who was a member of the Hecht family from Baltimore.] The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Rosenau & Cohen, a dry goods store located at 23 North 8th Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The front of the card depicts two children walking in a hay field. The back of the card features a full advertisement. [The store was previously owned by Newman's, and the owners were members of the Ansche Emeth synagogue.]

This trade card advertises Rosenbaum, a dry goods store located at 208 North Eighth Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The card features a whimsical illustration of two boys dancing with a turtle that is standing on its hind legs and wearing a hat. The illustration is rendered in gold and green hues. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Rosenbaum & Co., a dry-goods store located at 1026 Chestnut Street. The front of the card features a comical illustration of a man and a woman. The woman is attached to a pole and is floating in the water. The man is trying to swim. The back of the card is blank. The trade card is printed in black and white.

This trade card advertises Rosenbaum & Co., a clothing and dry goods store located at 112 & 116 Market Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The front of the card depicts an imp or mischievous child fighting with a large bug. The imp appears to be swinging a stick or a club at the bug. The colors are muted, and the drawing is in a simple, almost cartoonish style. The card has a red border. The reverse of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Rosenbaum & Co., a dry goods store located at 208 North Eighth Street, Philadelphia. The front of the card depicts a child tossing a pillow in the air with an exaggerated expression. The back of the card has a full advertisement.

This trade card advertises Rosenbaum & Co., a dry goods store located at 208 N. 8th Street in Philadelphia. The front of the card features a comical illustration of a child, holding a wooden sword, being knocked over by a broom. The child is wearing a blue dress and a black hat. The illustration is surrounded by a border. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Rosenbaum & Co., a dry goods retailer located at 208 North 8th Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a basket of blue flowers. The card is likely from the business that took over the space previously known as 'Fleischner's Old Stand'. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Rosenbaum & Co., a dry goods store located at 208 North Eighth Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The card features an elaborate floral design with roses as the prominent motif. The card's text is in a decorative typeface. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Rosenbaum & Co., a dry goods and millinery shop located at 112-116 Market Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a woman wearing a dark dress and a white bonnet, holding a parasol. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Rosenbaum & Co., a dry goods merchant located at 208 North Eighth Street, Philadelphia. The front of the card depicts a baby standing in a crib. The background is a light blue color with a red stripe at the bottom. The back of the card contains an advertisement. The back of the card is not blank.

This trade card advertises Rosenbaum & Co., a Philadelphia retailer selling stationery, games, croquet, hammocks, archery equipment, and smoked glasses. The front of the card features an illustration of a girl and an artist at the seashore, reminiscent of a summertime scene. The card notes it is at Fleischner's Old Stand and is dated Summer 1880. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Rosenbaum, a clothing and dry goods store located at 702 Penn Ave., Reading, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a simple illustration of three children looking out of a window, possibly into the shop. The back of the card contains the store's full advertisement.

This trade card advertises Rosenblatt's New York Store, located at 57 Main Street in Medina, New York. The front of the card features a floral design with the name of the store and its address prominently displayed. The card is vertically oriented. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card features a scenic picture, possibly of a landscape, beside flowers. The card is printed in shades of green and brown. The back of the card provides instructions for washing silk and knit articles. [The card is advertising for Roth & Friedman, and also refers to M. Heminway & Sons.]

This trade card advertises S. & H. Levy, dealers in foreign and domestic dry and fancy goods, gents' furnishing goods, hosiery, etc. The business was located at 113 J Street, between 4th and 5th Street in Sacramento, California. The card has a plain white background, and the text is printed in black ink. The card is likely from the late 1860s or early 1870s.

This trade card advertises the dry-goods business of S. Bine, located at 130 Kearny Street, near Sutter, in the Thurlow Block, San Francisco, California. [Bine was previously in business with Lazarus Kline and Julius Kahn.] The card features an illustration of two women standing on a beach, watching a man in the water who is being bitten by a crab. The women are wearing long dresses, and one holds a parasol. The background includes the sea, sky, and sand. The front of the card includes the business name, address, and a decorative border.

This trade card advertises the business of S. Bine, a retailer of laces, embroideries, and fancy goods. The card features a terrier dog standing on its hind legs with its paws crossed. The dog is holding an advertisement in its mouth, which promotes S. Bine's business. The back of the card features an advertisement for S. Bine's business. It includes the store's address: 130 Kearny Street, near Sutter, San Francisco, California. It also lists S. Bine's New York office address: 101 Franklin Street, New York. [S. Bine was previously in business with Lazarus Kline and Julius Kahn.]

This trade card advertises S. Cohen & Co., a hat-making business located at 9 Winter Street, Boston. The front of the card features an illustration of men working on hats, suggesting a hat factory or workshop. The back of the card includes an advertisement.

This trade card advertises S. Cohn, a dry goods store located at 73 Avenue A, New York City. The front of the card features an illustration of an angel holding a basket of flowers, promoting 'National Austen Cologne.' The back of the card contains a full advertisement, but the details are not visible in the image.

This trade card advertises S. Dannenbaum, a dry goods merchant in Vallejo, California. The front of the card features a sepia-toned image of a baby. The back of the card is blank. The card has a decorative border surrounding the text.

This trade card advertises S. Levi & Co., a clothing and dry goods store in Amsterdam, New York. The front of the card features a simple illustration of two dogs situated in the center of the card. Flowers are depicted above and below the dogs. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card, printed in violet ink, advertises S. Levison, a dry goods merchant located at 350 Main Street, Springfield, Massachusetts. The card features a simple design with the business name and address prominently displayed. The front of the card is dominated by the business name and address. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises S. Levy, a dry goods and notions store located at 24 Central Avenue in Albany, New York. The front of the card features a decorative paddle with two girls on top, against a brick wall background. The back of the card is blank. The card is printed in a stylized font.

This trade card advertises S. Lewin & Co., a dry goods, hosiery, and notions store located on the North Side of the Public Square in Monroe, Wisconsin. The front of the card features a comical illustration of a police scene. The back of the card provides more detailed information about the business.

This trade card advertises S. M. Waldman, a dry goods store located at 52 South Pearl Street, Albany, New York. The card is black and white, and the front features a rectangular design with the store's name in bold type at the top. Below the name, the address is given. The layout is simple and utilitarian. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises S. Milberg, a dealer in new and secondhand goods located at 189 Fourth Street in Troy, New York. The front of the card features a simple, stylized illustration of a store with two front windows. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises S. Rosenthal, a hosiery, underwear, and caps retailer located at 148 North 8th Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features an image of fall leaves in shades of red and yellow. The back of the card is filled with an advertisement for the business.

This trade card advertises S. S. Nathan & Co., a wholesale dry goods and clothing company with locations in Sacramento and San Francisco, California. The card features a humorous illustration of a lion being carried off by a giant bug. The front of the card states the company's addresses in Sacramento, San Francisco, and New York. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises S. Shoneman, a dry goods store located at 1018 Chestnut Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a white lily in full bloom with its stem and leaves. The image is framed in a simple, black rectangular border. The back of the card is blank. The text on the front is in a cursive font with a decorative flourish, and reads: 'S. Shoneman - 1018 Chestnut'.

This trade card advertises S. Shoneman, a dry goods and dress accessories store located at 101 South Eleventh Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a young girl sitting on a stone bench with two dogs at her side. The scene includes flowers, a rabbit, and a brick wall. The back of the card includes a full advertisement for the business.

This trade card advertises S. Sulzberger, a dry goods store located at 8th Avenue and 23rd Street, New York City. The front of the card depicts a scene inside a restaurant. People are seated at tables, and waiters are walking around carrying trays. The card is part of a set of three trade cards.

This trade card advertises S. Sulzberger, a dry goods store located at the corner of 8th Avenue and 23rd Street in New York City. The front of the card depicts a lively scene of people dancing at a ball. The card is likely from the 1880s. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises S. Sulzberger, a dry goods store located at 8th Avenue and 23rd Street in New York. The card features an illustration of ducks. The image is damaged. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises S. Sulzberger, a dealer of fancy goods, located at 8th Avenue and 23rd Street, near the Grand Opera House in New York City. The card features a whimsical illustration of a train filled with people, mostly couples. It is one of three cards in the record. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card, from S. Sulzberger, a dry goods store in New York City, features a charming illustration of two children smelling flowers. The store was located at 8th Avenue and 23rd Street. The front of the card is in color and the back is blank. The card is part of an archival collection of trade cards from the late 19th century.

This trade card advertises S. Unger, a clothing and dry goods dealer located three doors below the post office in Wellsburg, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a whimsical illustration of a policeman taking a refreshing beer break. The card is printed on thick cardstock with a black border. The back of the card has a rubber-stamped advertisement. This trade card is likely from the 1880s, based on the style of the illustration and the rubber-stamped advertisement on the back.

This trade card, dated 1882, advertises S. W. Freund, a dry goods and jewelry merchant located at 329 Grand Street, between Orchard and Ludlow Streets in New York. The front of the card displays a comical scene on a train. Some passengers are sleeping, while others are engaged in more animated activities. The scene is light-hearted, featuring individuals kissing, one holding a newspaper, and a man with a sleeping cap and a wide-open mouth. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises S. Wasserman, a dry goods merchant located at 49 North Howard Street, Baltimore, Maryland. The card features the business's name and address at the top, with 'Specialties: Alpaca & Mourning Goods' printed below. The card has a black and white aesthetic. The card appears to be printed on both sides, but the back is not visible in this scan.

This trade card for S. Wertheimer, a dry goods merchant, features a child holding a balance scale. The card includes the address 701 & 703 North 2nd Street. The back of the card is blank. There is a second trade card with the same information, but it has a slightly different design.

This trade card advertises the business of S.J. Friedman, a dry goods merchant in Hailey, Idaho. The front of the card features a colorful depiction of Christmas flowers arranged in a vase. The back of the card contains a full advertisement for the store.

This trade card advertises Salinger Bros., a dry goods merchant located at 1051 Broadway, corner of 11th Street, Oakland, California. The card is folded, and the inside features a place to write wants. On the front of the card, a man in a suit is playing a mandolin to a woman holding a fan. Both appear to be dressed in fashionable clothing. They stand against a white picket fence in front of a house with a tree and other plants. The back of the card features more advertisements. The back of the card features advertisements in the form of printed text.

This trade card advertises Sam Isaacs & Bros., a dry goods store located on Pacific Avenue in Tacoma, Washington. The front of the card features a charming illustration of a baby in blue and pink clothing holding an open purse. The back of the card contains a full advertisement for the business. This is one of two cards in the record. The other card is very similar in style, but depicts a different baby in the same pose. It is also a full-color illustration with a red border. The card is part of a collection of trade cards donated by a Judaica Americana collector. The card is part of a volume containing numerous other trade cards.

This trade card advertises Sam Isaacs & Bros., dry goods merchants located on Pacific Avenue in Tacoma, Washington. The card features a charming illustration of a child dressed in blue holding something in its hands. The background includes a house and a picket fence, suggesting a homey and welcoming atmosphere. The back of the card features a full advertisement for the business, listing all the products offered by Sam Isaacs & Bros..

This trade card advertises Samuel Weitz & Co. located at 143 Post Street near Dupont in San Francisco, California. The card features a young boy wearing a brown hat and holding a rose. He is standing in front of a large potted plant, which appears to be a Tamarind tree. Blue flowers are depicted on the ground. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Schipper & Block, a dry goods store located in Peoria, Illinois. The card depicts a colorful illustration of a bird perched on a fan, with a pink rose in the background. The front of the card is printed in a bold, decorative style. The back of the card lists the various goods sold by Schipper & Block, which includes dress goods, silks, furs, carpets, and draperies.

This trade card advertises Schipper & Block, a dry goods store located at 116 South Adams Street, Peoria, Illinois. The front of the card features a playful illustration of a boy holding a stick and looking at a dancing turtle. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises the business of Schipper & Block, located in the Woolner Building in Peoria, Illinois. The front of the card features an image of a bowl with two plates and two pink roses, suggestive of a home goods store. The back of the card contains the full advertisement for the business. [The firm may have been a dry goods and furniture establishment, considering its association with the Woolner Building, a furniture emporium.]

This trade card advertises Schlang Bros., a clothing and dry goods store located at 218-220 Fulton Street, Brooklyn, New York. The front of the card depicts a young girl standing at the beach, wearing a white dress, holding a beach umbrella, with a sandy shore and ocean in the background. The back of the card is filled with text advertising the store's offerings.

This trade card advertises Schnurman's Fancy Goods and Millinery Store, located at 713 Hamilton Street in Allentown, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a colorful illustration of children. A boy is dressed as a jester, with a tall hat, bells, and a playful grin. The card is a duplicate of another card. [Schnurman's specialized in fancy goods and millinery, which likely included accessories, ribbons, and other fashionable items.] The back of the card is blank.

The trade card advertises Schnurman's Fancy Goods and Millinery Store, located at 713 Hamilton Street in Allentown, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features an illustration of a group of children, with a boy dressed as a jester. The card is similar in design to other Schnurman's cards, but with a different advertisement. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card is an Easter card, one of four cards in a set. The front of the card features an illustration of a young girl looking at a hatching egg. A rooster is emerging from the shell. The illustration is on a white background and surrounded by a black border. The card also lists the address of the business, 218 and 220 Lodi Street. The back of the card is blank.

This Easter-themed trade card advertises Schwarz Bro's, a dry goods store located at 218 and 220 Lodi Street, Syracuse, New York. The front of the card depicts a young girl looking at a hatching egg. Out of the egg emerges a sheep. The card is part of a set of four cards.

This trade card advertises Schwarz Bro's, a dry goods store located at the corner of Lodi and Laurel Streets in Syracuse, New York. The front of the card depicts a child on a cloud looking down at a winter scene. There are two figures in the background, likely in a sled, going down a hill. The card is printed in dark red and black.

This trade card advertises Segelbaum Brothers, a dry goods store located at 257 & 259 Nicollet Avenue in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The front of the card features an illustration of a child painting. There are two versions of this card, one has the child holding a paintbrush, the other, the child is sitting on a stool with a paintbrush and a palette. Both images include a small dog and are set against a blue background with white trim.

This trade card advertises Segelbaum Bros., a dry goods store located at 257 & 259 Niolet Avenue in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The front of the card features a young woman with a brown hat, a red top, and a blue scarf. She is holding a fan, and a small white dog is standing in the background. The card advertises that the store sells dry goods, fancy goods, notions, and garments. The back of the card provides a full advertisement for the business.

This trade card advertises Segelbaum Bros., a dry goods and millinery store located at 257-259 Nicollet Avenue, corner of Third Street, Minneapolis, Minnesota. The front of the card features a winter scene with a building in the background. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Segelbaum Bros., dry goods merchants located at 257 & 259 Nicollet Avenue, Minneapolis, Minnesota. The front of the card depicts a child in a crib. The back of the card is blank. [Segelbaum Bros. was a dry goods store that sold a variety of clothing and household goods to the local community.]

This trade card advertises Segelbaum Bros., dry-goods merchants in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The front of the card features a comical illustration of a man looking into a mirror and lamenting a bald spot. The inscription reads “There Will Be No More Parting There.” The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Segelbaum Brothers, a dry goods store located at 257 & 259 Nicollet Avenue in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The front of the card features a child standing in a vase filled with flowers. The background includes a cityscape and text promoting the business. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Sherman, Samuels & Co., a clothing, clock, and dry goods store located at 132 Bowery, New York City. The front of the card depicts a charming illustration of three women dressed in fashionable attire walking towards a store. The ladies carry packages, suggesting their shopping trip is coming to an end. The front of the card also has the Sherman, Samuels & Co. logo and text listing the store’s offerings - clothing, clocks, dry goods, and credit. The back of the card is fully dedicated to an advertisement for Sherman, Samuels & Co. and lists the store’s offerings in greater detail.

This trade card advertises Shoneman Brothers, a dry goods merchant located at 116, 118, and 120 North Eighth Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a charming illustration of a basket of puppies. The back of the card provides more detailed information about the business.

This trade card advertises Simon Brothers, a dry-goods store in Salt Lake City, Utah. The front of the card features an illustration of an elderly man and woman standing in front of the Jennings Building. The back of the card is blank. [The business was run by L & A Simon Co. of Salt Lake City, Utah. Their buyer was Joseph Simon in New York City.]

This trade card advertises Simon Rice & Bro., a dry goods store located at 229 Penn Avenue in Scranton, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a well-dressed woman in black sepia. The back of the card is a full advertisement. The back of the card features a black and white image of a woman standing in front of a counter. The woman appears to be a sales clerk, and the counter is piled high with clothing, notions, and other goods. The back of the card is a full advertisement.

This trade card advertises Sol. Kingsburg's dry goods and jewelry business located at 63 Throop Avenue, Brooklyn, New York. [Kingsburg is mentioned as a prominent jeweler in the Brooklyn Eagle in 1884.] The front of the card is in black and white and features a large font that emphasizes the business name and its offerings: Dry Goods, Jewelry, and Fancy Goods. The back of the card has a full advertisement in a smaller, more condensed font.

This trade card advertises Sonnenfeld's, a dry-goods store located at Broadway and Morgan. [The store occupied four floors of the “famous building” and was the largest of its kind in the city. It burned to the ground in a major fire on the evening of November 16, 1891, as reported in the New York Times on November 18, 1891. The store’s stock of goods was valued at $190,000, and the insurance was $130,000.] The card features a scene of a cottage, possibly in the countryside. It has a red border with a large, ornate design.

This trade card advertises Spielman Brothers, a dry goods store located at 164 West Fifth Street in Cincinnati, Ohio. The card features a simple design with an image of a beautiful pink morning glory flower. The illustration is set against a background of a dark blue color, creating a dramatic contrast. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Spielman Brothers, a dry goods store located at 164 West Fifth Street, Cincinnati, Ohio. The front of the card features a design of a basket of berries, with the business name and address printed beneath. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Spielman Brothers, dry goods merchants located at 164 West Fifth Street, Cincinnati, Ohio. The front of the card features a delicate illustration of a snowball flower, with a small, white flower at the center of a fluffy, white circle. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Stern Brothers, a department store in New York, New York. The front of the card features an illustration of a woman dressed in traditional Turkish clothing. She is holding a long, thin pipe. The back of the card includes a full-page picture of a woman wearing a dress and holding a fan. The address of the store, 32, 34, 36 West 23rd Street, is printed on the card.

This trade card advertises Stern Brothers, a dry goods and clothing store located at 32, 34, and 36 West 23rd Street in New York City. The front of the card features a charming illustration of a girl dressed in an Austrian costume, highlighting the store's varied fashion offerings. The back of the card showcases a boy in a suit, further emphasizing the store's attire for both men and women.

This circular trade card advertises Stern Brothers, a dry goods store located at 32, 34, and 36 West 23rd Street, New York City. The front of the card features a ship sailing on a body of water. There are flowers on the border. The back of the card has a full advertisement. In the center of the advertisement, is a depiction of a ladies' glove.

This trade card, likely advertising a wholesale or retail dry goods business, features a large die-cut of a kettle in the shape of a ship. The card is primarily white with a red border. There is text on the front, but it is not visible in the image. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Sternberg & Sherman, dry goods merchants located at 230 Market Street, Newark, New Jersey. The front of the card features a charming illustration of a bride and groom. The couple is dressed in stylish attire, with the bride wearing a white dress and the groom wearing a black suit. The back of the card features an advertisement and a message about credit without security.

This trade card advertises Sternberg & Sherman, dry goods merchants located at 230 Market Street in Newark, New Jersey. The front of the card features an illustration of a woman returning home from shopping, carrying a basket of goods and a dress draped over her arm. The back of the card contains a more detailed advertisement for the business.

This trade card advertises the Straus-Emerich Outfitting Co., located at 1121, 1123, and 1125 Olive Street in St. Louis, Missouri. The front of the card features a maple leaf with a scene of a windmill in a winter landscape. The back of the card includes an advertisement. It also states that Straus-Emerich Outfitting Co. was formerly located at 1116 Olive Street and offers free car tickets.

This trade card advertises Straus', a dry goods and furniture store in Baltimore, Maryland. The front of the card features a charming illustration of children playing in a large barrel filled with colorful flowers. The address is listed as 101, 103, 1117 & 119 N. Howard Street. The card notes that the back of the card contains a “grand opening” advertisement. The card has slight damage to the top right corner. The back of the card is not included in the digital copy.

This trade card advertises Strauss & Strauss, dry goods merchants located at 1427 Stockton Street, on the corner of Green Street, in San Francisco, California. The front of the card features an illustration of a farm. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises T. H. Auerbach's, a dry-goods store located at 305 Nicollet Avenue, Minneapolis, Minnesota. The front of the card features a woman wearing a dark dress and hat, standing near a table. There is a piece of fabric on the table. The card's background appears to be a floral pattern. The back of the card is blank. The card is a part of a collection of trade cards belonging to a Jewish-American family from Pennsylvania.

This trade card advertises Ulrich & Co., a dry goods store located at 2204 Third Avenue, corner of 120th Street in New York, New York. The card features a comical illustration of a man looking at a rack of clothing. The card is formatted to look like a store front and uses a caricature of a man to depict the business owner's name. The back of the card is blank.

This is a national trade card advertising W. J. Austen & Co.'s Forest Flower Cologne. The card features a young woman with blonde curls wearing a straw hat. The illustration is set against a green backdrop. The back of the card has a full advertisement for the cologne. [The card was printed by C. Ulrich & Son. Ulrich, a Jewish merchant, operated a wholesale and retail dry goods store in Oswego, New York, in the late 19th century. He also printed trade cards, likely for other businesses in the area, as well as for his own products].

This trade card advertises Weichselbaum & Schwamenfeld, manufacturers of quilts and jobbers in dry goods, located at 548 North Second Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The front of the card depicts a charming domestic scene. The back of the card provides more detailed information about the business, including its address and the products it offers.

This trade card advertises Wiesenfeld & Schloss, a notions store located at 143 North Gay Street in Baltimore, Maryland. The front of the card features a red rose and white bell flowers. The card also includes the store's address: 143 North Gay Street, 2 doors below Old Town Bank. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises William Loeb, a dry goods merchant located at 26 & 28 North Queen Street in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a single pansey, possibly symbolizing a variety of goods offered by the shop. The back of the card features a full advertisement listing prices for various goods. The same business advertisement appears on another card.

The front of this trade card is a simple design featuring a white flower. The back of the card contains the advertisement for William Loeb's business located at 26 & 28 North Queen Street, Lancaster, Pennsylvania. The address is the same as the one listed on the card for Bamberger & Loeb.

This trade card advertises Wolfsheim & Sachs Inc., a business located at 35 Maiden Lane in New York, New York. The front of the card features a simple design with the company name, address, and establishment date of 1888. The card does not have a visual illustration, but is framed with a dark border. The back of the card is blank.

Trade card advertising the business of Nathan Samuels, located at 91 Whitesborough Street, Utica, New York. Samuels sold jewelry, watches, and dry goods. The card dates from circa 1870s or possibly the 1860s.

Trade card advertising A. Lewis & Co., a dry goods store in Watsonville, California. The card features a comical illustration of men and women with a hand muff. It is dated circa 1885.

This trade card advertises A. Shwartz & Son, dry goods merchants located in New Orleans, Louisiana. The front of the card announces a special offer: "25 Cents Off on $5.00 Purchase." The back of the card provides the full business address: No. 133 Canal Street, Touro Building. The design and typography suggest a late 19th-century origin. The image shows what seems to be a portion of the advertisement. The back of the card contains the full advertisement.

This trade card, advertising A. Zabinski's dry goods store, features two distinct sides. The front showcases a bust portrait of Bertha Pappenheim (1859-1936), an Austrian-Jewish feminist, social pioneer, and founder of the Jewish Women's Association. The portrait is styled in a manner suggestive of the late 19th century. The back of the card displays a poem for the "Bee Hive Store" located at 52 Newark Ave. The poem's content is not described in the source material. [Bertha Pappenheim, also known as Anna O., was a significant figure in the early development of psychoanalysis, famously documented by Josef Breuer and Sigmund Freud.]

This trade card advertises Astrich Bros.' Lancaster Bazaar, located at 13 East King Street in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. The front of the card (Image 2) features a design incorporating fall leaves, a common motif in late 19th-century advertising, suggesting an autumnal promotion. The business name, "LANCASTER BAZAAR," and address, "13 EAST KING STREET," are prominently displayed. The back of the card (Image 1) is blank. The imagery and style suggest a late 19th-century origin, consistent with the circa 1885 date.

This trade card advertises Austrian & Dreifoos, a dry goods store located at 705 Penn Street in Reading, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a decorative floral wreath surrounding a depiction of sailboats. The back of the card is a full advertisement for Austrian & Dreifoos at 705 Penn Street, Reading, Pennsylvania. [According to the donor's notes, Ben Austrian's father was involved in the business.]

Trade card advertising B. Lumiansky's South End Blue Store, a clothing and dry goods store located at 865 South Water Street, between Blackmer and Delano Streets, in New Bedford, Massachusetts. Circa 1885.

Trade card depicting a dog with holly in its mouth against a blue circular background. The text 'Bargain Dry Goods Emporium' is featured, along with the address '912 Main Street'. This is one of two cards. Circa 1885.

This trade card advertises Behrens & Co., dealers in embroideries, white goods, hoop skirts, hosiery, and gloves. The card is a simple, straightforward design. The front of the card features the business name, 'Behrens & Co.,' prominently displayed, along with a list of the goods they sell: "Embroideries, White Goods, Hoop Skirts, Hosiery, Gloves...". The address is also clearly printed: 144 North 8th Street, below Race, Philadelphia. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Bloomingdale's, a dry goods and gents' furnishing store located at 53 Washington Ave., Albany, New York. The front of the card features a striking illustration of a child being spanked while other children watch through a window. The illustration style and subject matter are highly unusual for a trade card. The scene is rendered in detail, capturing the expressions on the children's faces, suggesting a narrative of childhood discipline. Below the illustration, the business name, address, and goods offered are clearly printed. The back of the card is blank.

Trade card advertising the Braddock Bargain Store, a dry goods store in Braddock, Pennsylvania. The card is undated, but circa 1885. The proprietor is listed as L. Litvitz.

This trade card advertises Brandes & Bro., a wholesale notion house located at 317 Market Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The front of the card is predominantly text-based. The business name, "Brandes & Bro." is prominently displayed, along with their description as a "WHOLESALE NOTION HOUSE" and their street address. The design is simple and functional, typical of trade cards from the late 19th century. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Brownold Bros. & Co., dealers in dry goods, located at 68 Market Street, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. The front of the card (image 1) features [NOT ENOUGH INFO from image]. The back of the card is NOT ENOUGH INFO. A second image (image 2) is included in this record, but a description is NOT ENOUGH INFO.

This trade card advertises the Greensboro, North Carolina, store of C. & M. Pretzfelder. The front of the card (Image 1) features a charming illustration of a teacup and flowers, suggesting a focus on domestic goods. The text on the card indicates a wide variety of merchandise for sale, including carpets, oil cloths, rugs, mats, dress goods, notions, fancy goods, clothing, hats, boots, and shoes. The back of the card (Image 2) is a full advertisement for the store, providing additional details about their offerings. [Morris Pretzfelder and his brother were early Jewish settlers in Greensboro, opening their business some time before 1885, as indicated by advertisements found in the Greensboro Patriot newspaper as early as 1853].

This trade card advertises C. D. Rishel, specializing in "Job Lots and Remnants." The front of the card displays text-based advertising, prominently featuring the address "2407 N. 6TH STREET" and the phrase "JOB LOTS AND REMNANTS A SPECIALTY." The design is simple and straightforward, typical of trade cards from the late 19th century. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises C. I. Baumgartner & Co., dry goods merchants located at 17 East State Street in Trenton, New Jersey. The front of the card features an illustration of a building labeled "The Pharos Watch Tower." The architectural style and decorative elements suggest a late 19th-century commercial building. The imagery may be allegorical, symbolizing the business's reliability or its status as a landmark within the community. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Chas. Kaufman, a dry goods and notions store located at 25 N. Eighth Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a large, stylized tulip. The image suggests a focus on textiles, possibly referencing the types of goods sold. The back of the card displays an advertisement; the specifics of the advertisement are not visible in the provided image.

Trade card advertising Cohen, Davis & Co.'s Golden Rule Bazaar, located at 162 First Street, Portland, Oregon (next to the corner of Morrison Street). The reverse features a full advertisement for Cohen, Davis & Co., importers of fancy goods, notions, and varieties. Also lists an address in New York City: 83 Walker Street. Circa 1885.

Stock trade card for Corticelli spool cotton. The front depicts a pixy; the verso indicates Carson, Nevada. Stamped 'M. Cohn "Original One Price Dry Goods Store"'. Circa 1885.

This trade card advertises D. Hartfield, a dry goods store established for 21 years at 326 Bleecker Street in New York City. The front of the card showcases a charming illustration of a child gleefully riding a sled made entirely of thread, with a butterfly perched nearby. This whimsical image likely represents the "Star Braid" product line, as advertised in the text at the top of the card. The back of the card features a fuller advertisement, emphasizing the store's longevity with the tagline, "The Old Reliable Stand." The back is not blank. The design style and imagery suggest the card dates from the late 19th century.

A trade card depicting various dry goods, groceries, cigars, flour, and crockery. The card also features an illustration of a woman noticing a hair on a man's jacket. The color scheme is reddish sepia. This item is part of Manuscript Collection 1410, located in the Out-of-Series collection, Binder 1, Page 23. The card is circa 1885, and the geographic context suggests a location near 42.9298759999746, -88.8370190002482.

Trade card advertising dry goods. The front features an 1863 Indian Head penny. The reverse reads "Dry Goods No. 3 Union Block..." The card is dated 1863 and likely originated in Syracuse, New York. The card is part of the Louis Strauss Collection.

This trade card for E. & J. Labensky, located at 40 State Street in New London, Connecticut, features a whimsical illustration. The main image on the front depicts a comical scene of a man being chased by a bear, with the caption "Bearly an Escape." The text '40 State Street (next to our clothing store)' is also visible. The card's style suggests a late 19th-century origin. The back of the card is blank.

Trade card advertising E. Abraham's dry goods store, located at 918 Broadway, between Eighth and Ninth Streets, in Oakland, California. The card features an illustration of women watering flowers with human faces and includes the phrase "NEW YORK DRY & FANCY GOODS HOUSE." The card also has a Golden Horse sign. Circa 1885.

This trade card advertises E. Abraham's New York Dry & Fancy Goods House. The front of the card features a charming illustration of a boy and a girl carrying a pail of water. The illustration style suggests a late 19th-century aesthetic. Below the image, the business name, "NEW YORK DRY & FANCY GOODS HOUSE," is prominently displayed, along with the address: 913 Broadway, between Eighth and Ninth Streets. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises E. Essmann's dry goods store in San Francisco, California. The front of the card displays two addresses: 1022 Market Street (opposite Fifth Street) and 17 Eddy Street (opposite Tivoli). A winter scene, possibly depicting a snowy road or street, is included in the design. The back of the card features a full advertisement and notes that foreign languages are spoken.

This trade card advertises E. Schneider, a retailer of a wide variety of goods. The front of the card lists the merchandise offered: "Dealer in Furniture, China, Glassware, Toys, Fancy Goods...etc." The address is clearly printed as "751 and 753 S. Halsted St., near 19th." The phrase "Cesky Obchod" is also visible; this is Czech for "Czech shop", suggesting a clientele or business focus on the Czech community in Chicago. The back of the card is blank. The image shows a late 19th-century style.

Sunflower-shaped trade card, predominantly black and yellow. The card advertises a grand opening. The reverse side is partially visible. Circa 1885.

This trade card advertises Ehrlich's, a dry goods and dress accessories store in Canandaigua, New York. The front of the card features a simple design; the business's name, "Ehrlich's," is prominently displayed, along with its address, "Hubbell Block, 2 Doors Below the Rail Road." The overall style suggests a late 19th-century aesthetic. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Ellis Wolfson's store in Troy, New York, which sold carpets, cloths, and furniture. The front of the card (Image 1) depicts an ape or monkey seated on an ass or donkey. The text on the card clearly states the business name and address: Ellis Wolfson, 444 River Street, Troy, New York. The back of the card (Image 2) is blank. [A newspaper clipping on the back of the card notes that Ellis Wolfson was convicted of arson in 1885 and sentenced to seven years and six months in prison. The fire occurred in his store in March of that year. The clipping also mentions that Wolfson's father fainted after the sentencing.]

Trade card advertising Emanuel, Joseph & Co., a dry goods, linens, and notions store located at 1204 South Fifth Street in the French Market of St. Louis, Missouri. The card features a picture of the store on the front, and a depiction of birds and flowers on the back. The card was included in a Library of Congress exhibit in Cincinnati during 2005. The approximate date is circa 1885.

This trade card advertises Ettinger Bros., a dry goods and notions store located at 122 Washington St., cor. 3rd St., Hoboken, New Jersey. The front of the card features a color illustration of a young woman in a yellow dress, with fair hair and a white collar, holding various fabrics or items. Her presence emphasizes the fashion aspect of the store's inventory. The text 'Ettinger Bros.' is prominently displayed, along with their address. The copyright date '1879' is also visible. The back of the card features an advertisement for hosiery and patterns. [Ettinger Bros. were active in Jewish communal affairs].

This trade card advertises a sale of bankrupt and fire-damaged goods by the firm Feinberg & Eppenstein in Chicago, Illinois. The front of the card (image 1) features text predominantly, announcing the sale of these goods. The specific items on sale are not listed. The back of the card is blank. The style and typography of the text suggest a late 19th-century origin.

Trade card advertising Fleischner's Old Stand, located at 208 N. 8th Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The card features the business name and address. Circa 1885.

This trade card advertises Fleishman Bros., a dry goods and dress accessories store with locations in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; New York, New York; and Paris, France. The front of the card (Image 1) depicts a young woman picking roses, suggesting the delicacy and beauty of the merchandise offered by the store. The back of the card (Image 2) features a full advertisement mentioning the "City of Paris," which references the Paris location and implies a connection to Parisian fashion trends. The address listed on the card is 92 Market Street. The back of the card is not blank, it contains a full advertisement.

This trade card advertises Frank Bros., dry goods merchants in New York City. The front of the card features text stating the business's address, "44 Ann Street," and mentions "The Hebrew Ladies' Benevolent Society," noting its founding date (March 3, 1875) and listing Hugo Frank as President in 1901. The back of the card is blank. [There is additional information about Hugo Frank and his brothers that might be useful to research further to add more context about this business.].

This trade card advertises Frank, Gutmann & Co., a New York City business specializing in lace and silk goods. The front of the card features a charming illustration of a young girl with flowers in her hair. The image is likely chromolithographed, given its vibrant colors. The card measures 3 1/8 by 4 5/8 inches. The back of the card contains a full advertisement, which is not fully visible in the current image. The advertisement mentions the store's location is between Broadway and Church Streets.

This trade card advertises Frankenstein & Co., later Arthur Frankenstein & Co., a dry goods store located at 6 Main Street, Westerly, Rhode Island. The front of the card features a whimsical illustration of a boy tripping over a cat. The style of the illustration suggests a late 19th-century aesthetic. The business name and address are clearly printed on the card. The back of the card is blank. [Arthur Frankenstein later transitioned into manufacturing and was active in Jewish affairs on a national level.]

This trade card advertises Gans Brothers, a dry goods store located in New York City. The front of the card displays the business's name and address: 570 Third Ave., bet. 37th & 38th Streets. The design is simple and features text primarily, likely from a time before widespread use of photographic printing. The back of the card is blank. There are two images in the record. The second image is a better representation of the front of the trade card. The first image is more damaged.

This trade card, one of two in the record, advertises Goldsmith & Cooper's "New York Store" in Portland, Oregon. The front of the card features a charming illustration of a baby with a fly on its arm, and above, there are colored shells. The style suggests a late 19th-century aesthetic. The back of the card shows a full advertisement in the form of a pallet. The address, Cor. Fourth and L Sts., is visible on the front of the card.

This trade card advertises Gross Brothers, a dry goods store located in Tacoma, Washington. The front of the card features a large, detailed lithograph of the store building.  The illustration shows a multi-story commercial building, likely showcasing the scale of their business. The text on the card states "GROSS BROTHERS" prominently and includes the address: 901 to 909 C Street & Railroad Street. The back of the card is blank. [The store was owned by Dave, Morris, Abe, and Ellis Gross.]

This trade card for H. & N. Weinheimer, located at 76, 78, & 80 Butternut Street in Syracuse, New York, showcases a charming illustration. The front of the card features a summer scene, possibly a garden or park, with a prominent rose. The style suggests it's from the late 19th century. The business name and address are clearly printed below the image. The text "SUMMER # 105" suggests it may be part of a series. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card for H. & N. Weinheimer, located at 76, 78, & 80 Butternut Street in Syracuse, New York, advertises dry goods. The front of the card features a spring scene with dogwood blossoms. The business's street address is clearly visible in the image. The back of the card is blank. The number '105' is visible near the top of the card, possibly indicating a spring or product number.

This trade card advertises H. Rosenbaum's dry goods store. The front of the card (Image 1) shows a charming illustration of Boy Scouts and their leader atop a rocky mountain peak, one boy using a telescope. The image is likely intended to evoke a sense of adventure and the high quality of the goods sold. The back of the card (Image 2) contains a full advertisement for Doggett, Bassett & Hills Co., suggesting a possible partnership or co-branding effort. The back is not blank.

This trade card advertises H. S. & H. N. Goldenberg, described as "The Golden Eagle," the largest dry goods, millinery, and carpet house in Central Pennsylvania. The front of the card depicts children playfully constructing a house out of what appears to be building blocks or similar materials. This imagery likely symbolizes home-building and the provision of house furnishings. The style suggests a late 19th-century aesthetic. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises H. Sundheim, a dry goods store specializing in ladies' and children's coats. The front of the card features a simple design of a rose and leaves, possibly printed in a muted color palette.  Below the floral motif, the business name, and a description of the goods sold, "Dry Goods, Ladies', and Children Coats," are prominently displayed. The address, 318 N. Second St., is also clearly visible on the card. The back of the card is blank.

Trade card advertising the business of Harry Ginsburg, purveyor of clothing and fancy goods, located on Main Street in Lisbon Falls, Maine. The card features a red-outlined image of a joker and two boys. The card is circa 1885.

This trade card advertises Harry Ginsburg's dry goods and clothing store in Lisbon Falls, Maine. The front of the card (Image 1) depicts two elves engaged in a battle, with one elf wielding a club and the other appearing to be defending themselves, possibly with a staff. The illustration is detailed and colorful, likely intended to attract attention. The text on the card is partially obscured by the image but mentions "Harry Ginsburg Dry Goods Clothing Furnishing.... Lisbon Falls, Maine." The back of the card (Image 2) is blank.

This trade card advertises Harry Ginsburg's dry goods store in Lisbon Falls, Maine. The front of the card depicts a whimsical illustration of a jester with two boys. The style of the illustration suggests a late 19th-century aesthetic. The text clearly indicates the business name and the location: Harry Ginsburg, Dry Goods, Main Street, Lisbon Falls, Maine. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Henry Schoenthal's store in Washington, Pennsylvania. The front of the card depicts a toddler attempting to put on a pair of spectacles. The illustration is charming and likely intended to attract attention. The back of the card features a full advertisement for the business, detailing the goods sold: Dry Goods, Paper, Books, and House Furnishings. [The donor notes that his great-grandfather, Isidore Schoenthal, arrived in Washington, Pennsylvania in 1881, and that Henry Schoenthal and his family were the only other Schoenthals in town.]

This trade card advertises Hermann Hollander, an importer of fancy and leather goods, albums, mirrors, frames, small wares, dolls, and school utensils. The front of the card features the business name and a list of the goods sold, followed by the address: 139 N. Eighth Street, Philadelphia, PA. The card measures approximately 2 1/2 x 4 inches. The back of the card is blank. The card shows slight age discoloration but is in overall good condition.

This die-cut trade card for Hess Bros. New Dry Goods Store in Allentown, Pennsylvania, features a whimsical illustration of a wise man wearing a skullcap. He holds a placard with the message: "Be Wise and Do Your Shopping at Hess Bros. New Dry Goods Store." The figure is designed to stand upright. The card's design is simple yet effective, utilizing a single, eye-catching illustration to convey its message. The back of the card is blank. There is another card in this record, but it is a duplicate of this one.

Die-cut trade card depicting a girl at a well with a young prince. The card advertises Hilkowitch Brothers, "One Price Dry Goods and Carpet House," located at 139 East Street. The date is inferred from the style and is approximately 1881.

Trade card advertising I. Guggenheimer's dry goods store located at 2647 Germantown Avenue in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The card depicts a child with a roll of cloth. Circa 1885.

Trade card advertising I. Kratzenstein's dry goods store located at 1040 North Second Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The card features an illustration of cats playing ball and the text "MY TURN NEXT". Published circa 1885.

Trade card for Isaac Hirsch's fancy goods business located at 6 Governor Street, Richmond, Virginia. Undated, but likely circa 1880 based on the style and historical context. Hirsch served in the Confederate Army in 1861, but was later relieved from duty due to injuries.

This trade card advertises J. A. Wolfson's general store in Compte, Louisiana. The front of the card features text stating that he offers "Cash Advanced on Cotton." The illustration and other details on the card are not visible in the provided image. The back of the card is blank. This suggests that Wolfson's store likely sold dry goods, clothing, food, and medicine to local cotton farmers.

This trade card advertises J. Levi's dry goods store in Dubuque, Iowa. The front of the card showcases an illustration of the "Temple of Diana" with text indicating that it is an advertisement for Alexander Kid Gloves. The imagery suggests a connection between high-quality, possibly luxurious, goods and the store. Below the illustration, the business name and location are clearly printed. The back of the card is fully printed, though the content is not described here.

This trade card advertises J. N. Kersburg's business in Medina, New York. The front of the card showcases a charming illustration of a cherub riding on a swan. Below the image, the text advertises "Clothing, Hats, Caps, and Furnishing Goods" at 54 Main Street and "Dry Goods & Carpets" at 60 Main Street. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises J. N. Kersburg's business in Medina, New York. The front of the card features a color illustration of a bird perched on a plum tree branch. Below the illustration, the text advertises "Clothing, Hats, Caps, and Furnishing Goods" at 54 Main Street and "Dry Goods & Carpets" at 60 Main Street. The back of the card is blank. A second image shows the back of the card, which is blank.

This trade card advertises J. V. Leon's Five Cent Auction House in San Francisco, California. The front of the card features a bust of a woman, likely an allegorical figure representing either prosperity or abundance, given the context of an auction house.  The image is predominantly in shades of sepia. Below the illustration, the text indicates the business name, "FIVE CENT AUCTION HOUSE," and the address: 36 & 37 Fourth Street, between Market & Mission. The back of the card is blank.

Trade card advertising Jacob Finklestein's dry and fancy goods store located at 370 North Main Street, Providence, Rhode Island. The card is circa 1885.

Trade card advertising Jacob Stern & Co., wholesale and retail dealers in embroideries, located at 37 & 39 Main Street, Bangor, Maine, directly under the Globe Hotel. The card features a cartoon on the back. Circa 1885.

A trade card advertising Jacobs & Co., dealers in dry goods and clothing, located in Kendallville, Indiana. The front of the card features the business name and location. The reverse side displays a Liberty Head design. The card dates to circa 1863 based on the collection's cross-reference.

This trade card advertises Jos. Emanuel & Co., a dry goods store located at 1204 South Broadway in St. Louis, Missouri. The front of the card features a design with a blue hummingbird and white roses, and a depiction of a house. The business is listed in the 1877 St. Louis city directory. The back of the card is blank. [Joseph Emanuel, Louis J. Singer, and Frederick A. Pensien were partners in the firm.].

This trade card advertises Jos. Emanuel Dry Goods, located at 1204 South Broadway in St. Louis, Missouri. The front of the card features a pictorial scene of a boat trapped in ice, a polar scene. The back of the card is blank. The business is listed in the 1877 St. Louis city directory as Emanuel, Joseph & Co., with Joseph Emanuel, Louis J. Singer, and Frederick A. Pensien as partners.

This trade card advertises Jos. Emanuel Dry Goods, located at 1204 South Broadway, St. Louis, Missouri. The front of the card features a design of white flowers and a seashore. The back of the card is blank. The business is listed in an 1877 directory as Emanuel, Joseph & Co., a dry goods store with partners Joseph Emanuel, Louis J. Singer, and Frederick A. Pensien.

This trade card advertises Jos. Emanuel Dry Goods, located at 1204 South Broadway, St. Louis, Missouri. The front of the card features a depiction of two pink roses and a house, suggesting a winter scene. The imagery is simple and possibly intended to evoke feelings of home and comfort, associated with the warmth and goods offered by the store. The back of the card is blank. The business is listed in the 1877 St. Louis Directory as Emanuel, Joseph & Co., a partnership including Joseph Emanuel, Louis J. Singer, and Frederick A. Pensien, dealing in dry goods.

Trade card advertising Joseph Emanuel & Co., dry goods merchants, located at 1204 South Fifth Street, St. Louis, Missouri. The card, circa 1880, features a lithograph of the store's storefront on the recto and an advertisement on the verso. The recto also displays a stock image of a hummingbird, possibly from Maison Demorest Sewing patterns. The verso lists M. J. Emanuel and Louis Singer in association with the business.

This trade card advertises Joseph Emanuel & Co., a dry goods store located at 1204 South Broadway in St. Louis, Missouri. The front of the card features a charming illustration of a girl wearing a flower as a hat. The back of the card is a full advertisement and storefront image. [Joseph Emanuel & Co. was a dry goods firm comprised of Joseph Emanuel, Louis J. Singer, and Frederick A. Pensien. The firm is listed in the 1877 St. Louis city directory.]

This trade card advertises Joseph Emanuel & Co., a dry goods store located at 1204 South Broadway in St. Louis, Missouri. The front of the card features a vibrant depiction of a hummingbird, meticulously detailed and rendered in color. The back of the card displays a full advertisement and a detailed illustration of the store's storefront. [Joseph Emanuel & Co. was a dry goods firm comprised of Joseph Emanuel, Louis J. Singer, and Frederick A. Pensien, according to the 1877 St. Louis city directory.]

This record contains two trade cards for Joseph Emanuel & Co., a dry goods store located at 1204 South Fifth Street in St. Louis, Missouri. The front of the first card (image 1) features a small illustration of a green bird flying above flowers, likely an artistic element meant to be eye-catching. The text on the front clearly states the business' name and address: "EMANUEL, JOSEPH & CO." and "FRENCH MARKET, 1204 SOUTH FIFTH ST." The back of this card (image 2) is a full advertisement showing a detailed illustration of the store's storefront. The second card's details are not available. The cards' style and illustration suggest they were likely produced in the late 19th century, which aligns with the circa 1885 date.

This trade card advertises Joseph Emanuel & Co., a dry goods store located at 1204 South Fifth Street in St. Louis, Missouri. The front of the card features a charming illustration of a young woman wearing a hat adorned with a large flower. The style of the illustration suggests a late 19th-century aesthetic. The back of the card displays a lithograph of the store's storefront. The back shows a detailed illustration of the business' exterior. The back of the card is not blank.

Trade card for Joseph Emanuel & Co., located at 1204 South Fifth Street, St. Louis, Missouri. The card features a depiction of the storefront and mentions "Demorest Reliable Patterns." Circa 1885.

This trade card advertises Joseph's, a dry goods store located at 103 N. Gay Street. The front of the card features a comical illustration of a dog, possibly a setter, given the caption "Prize Setter." The dog is depicted in a playful or humorous pose. The style of the illustration suggests a late 19th-century aesthetic. Below the illustration, the name "JOSEPH'S" is clearly printed. The back of the card is blank.

Trade card advertising Joshua Schnurman's dry goods store, located at 713 Hamilton Street, Allentown, Pennsylvania, opposite the post office. The card features an illustration of children, one dressed as a jester. Circa 1885.

This die-cut trade card advertises Joshua Schnurman's dry goods store in Allentown, Pennsylvania. The card features a whimsical illustration of a man in a suit dancing on what seems to be a pallet. The style of the illustration and the man's attire suggest a late 19th-century origin. The back of the card is blank. This is one of two cards included in this record. The second card displays a similar design and illustration, suggesting a possible design variation or printing error.

This trade card advertises Joshua Schnurman's dry goods store in Allentown, Pennsylvania. The front of the card ( depicts a child in a wooded area, possibly intended to evoke a sense of wholesomeness or nature. The image's style and coloring suggest a late 19th-century aesthetic. The back of the card is blank. The Schnurman's were an early Allentown Jewish family.

This trade card advertises Julius Meyer & Son, wholesale and retail dealers in dry goods, notions, and fancy goods in Richmond, Virginia. The front of the card features a colorful illustration of a hummingbird hovering near flowers. The hummingbird holds a small card in its beak that reads "Novelty, Beauty & Fashion - Maison Demorest - Agencies Everywhere - Reliable Patterns in Sizes Illustrated & Described." The back of the card displays the store's name, address (601 and 603 Bread Street, Richmond, Virginia), and further advertises "Full Assortment of Mme. Demorest's Reliable Patterns."

This trade card advertises Kahn & Sons, a dry goods store located at 1003 Broadway, Oakland, California. The front of the card features a bust of a young girl and what appears to be a depiction of water or a watery scene. The style suggests a late 19th-century aesthetic. The back of the card is blank.

Trade card advertising Kahn & Sons, purveyors of foreign and domestic dry goods, located at 1003 Broadway, Oakland, California. The card likely dates from around 1885, as suggested by the metadata. The imagery on the card is described as depicting "The Red House."

Trade card advertising Kahn & Sons, purveyors of foreign and domestic dry goods, located at 1003 Broadway, Oakland, California. The card is circa 1885. The business is identified as Kahn & Sons.

Trade card advertising dry goods, carpets, clothing, and hats in Kersburg, New York. The card is circa 1885 and depicts a dove flying above a rose. The address 54 Main Street is printed on the card.

This trade card advertises Kramer & Friedman's department store in Chicago, Illinois. The front of the card shows a charming illustration of an infant lying peacefully in a crib. The text prominently displays “THE FAMOUS DEPARTMENT STORE” above the store's multiple addresses: 218 & 220 State Street…also 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15 & 17 Quincy St. The back of the card contains a full advertisement; details are not visible in the provided image.

Trade card advertising L. Charmak's dry goods store in Woodland, California. Circa 1885. The card features the store's name and likely its address, though the image resolution is not high enough to see it. The card is part of a larger collection of Judaica Americana.

This trade card advertises L. L. Adler's dry goods store located at 290 Chapel Street, New Haven, Connecticut. The front of the card features a stylized red rose and leaves. The back of the card is fully printed with an advertisement, proclaiming "Low Prices Our Motto." The style and imagery suggest a late 19th-century origin.

Trade card advertising L. L. Adler, dry goods merchant, located at 290 Chapel Street, New Haven, Connecticut. The card indicates that the business was formerly known as Lutz & Adler. Circa 1885.

This trade card advertises L. Meyer, a dry goods merchant in Baltimore, Maryland. The front of the card (Image 1) is divided into two framed illustrations. One frame depicts a young woman wearing a blue muff and hat; the other shows a house in a winter setting, suggesting the business's offerings of warm clothing for the colder months. The card includes the address: 72 Hanover St., New No. 200. The back of the card (Image 2) is blank.

This is one of a set of three trade cards advertising L. Rosenbaum & Sons, a dry goods and clothing store located at 201 E. Water St., Elmira, New York. The front of the card features an illustration related to the theme of "Currency & Native of Russia." [The imagery may reflect common stereotypes of the time, potentially relating to the store's sourcing or clientele]. The back of the card is a full advertisement for a "Souvenir of Our Spring Opening."

This is one of three trade cards in this record. The front of the card features an illustration related to Peru: a depiction of Peruvian currency and perhaps a native person. Below the image, the address of the business is printed: 201 E. Water St. The back of the card is fully printed with an advertisement for a "Souvenir of Our Spring Opening".

This is one of three trade cards in this record. The front of the card showcases a depiction of Argentinian currency and a native person from Argentina. The imagery reflects a common practice in the 19th century of using exotic or foreign themes in advertisements, although such depictions may now be considered racially insensitive. Below the illustration, the address 201 E. Water St. is clearly visible. The back of the card features a full advertisement for a "Souvenir of Our Spring Opening."

Trade card for L. Rosenbaum & Sons, located at 201 E. Water St., Elmira, New York. The card depicts a comical scene, possibly related to clothing or dry goods, featuring a fat man in a park. The text includes the phrase "Dawgy! Dawgy! Vere is dat." The card is part of a set of four and is dated circa 1885.

This trade card advertises L. Rosenbaum & Sons, a wholesale and retail dry goods store located in Elmira, New York. The front of the card features a charming illustration of violets and an angel. The image suggests a delicate and refined aesthetic, typical of late 19th-century commercial design. Below the image, the business's name, type of business ('Wholesale and Retail'), and street address ('201 E. Water St.') are clearly printed. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises L. S. Plaut & Co.'s "The Bee Hive," described as the largest dry and fancy goods house in New Jersey. The front of the card displays a charming illustration of a boy dressed in a sailor suit. The back of the card features a full advertisement, including prices and the business's address: 707 to 721 Broad Street, Newark, NJ. The card's design and illustration style suggest it was likely created sometime in the late 19th century.

This trade card advertises L. Schiff & Co., purveyors of dry and fancy goods, located at 27 Ferry Street in Newark, New Jersey. The card depicts a woman leaning against a box displaying the store's name and address. She is stylishly dressed and has her hand on her hip, possibly suggesting a confident and fashionable persona associated with the shop's merchandise. The illustration style is characteristic of late 19th-century commercial art. The back of the card is NOT ENOUGH INFO. There is a second image in the record, but it does not appear to be another trade card.

This trade card advertises Langfeld, Lazarus & Co., dry goods merchants located at 47 West Market Street in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania. The front of the card (Image 1) features a depiction of nesting carrier pigeons. The image style suggests it was created sometime in the late 19th century. The back of the card (Image 2) is blank. The address, 47 West Market Street, is clearly printed on the front of the card.

This is one of a set of five trade cards advertising Lansburgh & Bro., a dry goods store located at 404 and 406 Seventh Street, NW, Washington, D.C. This particular card depicts an Asian child playing a violin. The image is likely meant to evoke a sense of elegance and refinement, associating the store with high-quality goods. The back of the card is blank. [In the 1860s, brothers Gustav and Max Lansburgh opened Baltimore House, a small fancy goods store that predated the landmark Lansburgh's Department Store. Both brothers were active in Jewish affairs. Gustav's daughter, Minnie Lansburgh Goldsmith, became a prominent figure in Jewish philanthropy in Washington, D.C.]

This is one of a set of five trade cards for Lansburgh & Bro., a dry goods store located at 404 and 406 Seventh Street, NW, Washington, D.C. This particular card depicts an Asian child playing a violin. The image is likely a chromolithograph, suggesting a relatively high-quality print for the time. The back of the card is blank. [In the 1860s, brothers Gustav and Max Lansburgh opened Baltimore House, a small fancy goods store, which later became the landmark Lansburgh's Department Store. Both brothers were active in Jewish affairs. Gustav's daughter, Minnie Lansburgh Goldsmith, became known for her Jewish philanthropy in Washington, organizing her first fundraising event at age 18.]

This is one of a set of five trade cards from Lansburgh & Bro., a dry goods store located at 404 and 406 Seventh Street, NW, Washington, D.C. This particular card depicts an Asian child playing a violin. The image is likely from an 1880s era trade card. The back of the card is blank. [In the 1860s, brothers Gustav and Max Lansburgh opened Baltimore House, a small fancy goods store, which was the predecessor to the landmark Lansburgh's Department Store. Both brothers were active in Jewish affairs. Gustav's daughter, Minnie Lansburgh Goldsmith, became known for her Jewish philanthropy in Washington, D.C.]

This trade card advertises Lansburgh & Bro., a dry goods store located at 404 & 406 Seventh Street in Washington, D.C. The front of the card depicts a whimsical scene featuring a clown seemingly frightened by a black hand. The illustration is colorful and employs a cartoonish style. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Lansburgh & Bro., a dry goods store located on 7th Street in Washington, D.C. The front of the card features a depiction of an imp or sprite beating a drum. The image is likely intended to be eye-catching and memorable for potential customers. The illustration style and color palette suggest a late 19th-century origin. The back of the card is blank. A second image in the record shows a different, less detailed version of the same trade card.

This trade card advertises Lansburgh & Bro., a dry goods store located at 420 and 406 Seventh Street in Washington, D.C. The front of the card features a whimsical illustration of a jester juggling balls. The illustration is likely meant to be lighthearted and eye-catching to attract customers. Below the illustration is the store's name and address. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Lansburgh & Bro., a dry goods store located at 420 and 406 Seventh Street in Washington, D.C. The front of the card features a whimsical illustration of a jester holding a feather duster. The image is likely intended to convey a sense of fun and lightheartedness, associating the store with a pleasant shopping experience. The back of the card is blank. [In the 1860s, brothers Gustav and Max Lansburgh opened Baltimore House, a small fancy goods store, the predecessor to the landmark Lansburgh's Department Store. Both were active in Jewish affairs. Gustav's daughter, Minnie Lansburgh Goldsmith, became known for her Jewish philanthropy in Washington, D.C., organizing fundraising events from a young age.]

This oversized trade card advertises Lansburgh & Bro., a dry goods store located at 420-426 Seventh Street in Washington, D.C. The card features a lithograph depicting the store's building and the Washington Monument, showcasing the store's prominence within the city. The image is likely from the late 19th century, reflecting the architectural style of the building and the artistic techniques used in the lithograph. The back of the card is blank. [In the 1860s, brothers Gustav and Max Lansburgh opened Baltimore House, a small fancy goods store, which eventually became the landmark Lansburgh's Department Store. Both brothers were active in Jewish affairs. Their daughter, Minnie Lansburgh Goldsmith, became a prominent figure in Jewish philanthropy in Washington, known for her fundraising efforts and her talent playing the banjo and zither.]

This is one of a three-card set. This trade card advertises Lansburgh & Brother, a dry goods store located at 404 and 406 Seventh Street, NW, Washington, D.C. The front of the card features a comical illustration of a frog, a mother duck, and a duckling. The style of the illustration suggests a late 19th-century aesthetic. The back of the card is blank. This is an early address for the business. [In the 1860s, brothers Gustav and Max Lansburgh opened Baltimore House, a small fancy goods store, the predecessor to the landmark Lansburgh's Department Store. Both brothers were active in Jewish affairs. Gustav's daughter, Minnie Lansburgh Goldsmith, became known for her Jewish philanthropy in Washington, D.C.]

This trade card, part of a three-card set, advertises Lansburgh & Brother, a dry goods store located at 404 and 406 Seventh Street in Washington, D.C. The front of the card depicts a humorous illustration: a frog with a duck egg in its mouth and a mother duck looking on. The image is likely part of a larger comical theme of the trade card set. The back of the card is blank. This address represents an early location for Lansburgh & Bro. [In the 1860s, brothers Gustav and Max Lansburgh opened Baltimore House, a small fancy goods store on C Street, which later evolved into the landmark Lansburgh's Department Store on 7th Street, NW. Both brothers were active in Jewish affairs. Their daughter, Minnie Lansburgh Goldsmith, became a prominent figure in Jewish philanthropy in Washington, known for her fundraising efforts, including a performance featuring her banjo and zither skills.]

This is one of a three-part comical trade card series from Lansburgh & Brother, advertising their dry goods store located at 404 and 406 Seventh Street in Washington, D.C. This particular card depicts a frog with a duck egg in its mouth. The image is likely part of a humorous series, as suggested by the description "Comical Set 1 of 3." The back of the card is blank. The card's imagery and style suggest it was produced around the late 19th century.

This trade card advertises Leopold Strauss's dry goods and house furnishings store in Middletown, Connecticut. The front of the card (Image 1) depicts a charming illustration of a child in a walker. The style of the illustration suggests a late 19th-century aesthetic. The back of the card (Image 2) is blank. [Leopold Strauss, born June 2, 1835, and died August 19, 1887, held a patent for scissors and shears (Patent #226128, issued March 30, 1880). He was buried in Indian Hill Cemetery in Middletown, Connecticut, a section largely comprised of Jewish residents.]

This trade card advertises Leventhal & Mandelbaum, a dry goods store in New York City. The front of the card depicts a boy and a girl holding a hat. The style of clothing suggests a late 19th-century setting. The back of the card is blank. The card lists two addresses: 289 & 289 1/2 Grand St. and 79 & 81 Eldridge Street, New York City.

This trade card advertises Levin Bros., jobbers in dry and fancy goods, located at 11 & 12 Washington Street North, Boston. The front of the card features the business name and address in elegant typography. The design is simple and clean, typical of trade cards from the late 19th century. The back of the card has the name David Halpert written on it. The image is primarily text-based, lacking illustrations. The back of the card is not blank; it contains handwritten annotation.

This oversized trade card advertises "The Fair," a dry goods store owned by Liberman & Berkson, located at 933 "O" Street in Lincoln, Nebraska. The front of the card [Image URL: https://iiif-images.library.upenn.edu/iiif/2/303bea94-352c-483f-96a9-233e552ecb1b%2Faccess/full/!600,600/0/default.jpg] (likely) shows a depiction of the store or its merchandise, although details are difficult to discern from the provided thumbnail. The back of the card [Image URL: https://iiif-images.library.upenn.edu/iiif/2/afb631f1-45c2-494f-b706-14dc1dcc8d85%2Faccess/full/!600,600/0/default.jpg] confirms the store's name and address. The card measures approximately 7 1/2" x 5 1/2", larger than most trade cards of the period. The card is described as being in very good condition.

This trade card advertises Lichenstein's New York Bazaar in Schuylerville, New York. The front of the card features a charming illustration of a child wearing a large, pink flower hat against a gold background. The style suggests it was likely created sometime in the late 19th century. The back of the card contains a full advertisement for the store. It provides the store's name, "New York Bazaar," and its address, "Seeley's Block, Broad Street, 4 doors below the Post Office."

Trade card depicting a girl on a spool of thread being given a ride by butterflies. The reverse shows a full advertisement for dry goods, carpets, and threads. The card is circa 1885 and likely from a business located on the west side of Bridge Street. Found in Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Binder 1, Page 18.

This trade card advertises Lippman Bros.' New York 25 Cent Store in Rutland, Vermont. The front of the card (Image 1) features a prominent image of a dove, rendered in blue. The text, partially obscured and seemingly inaccurate, reads "NEW YORK TEN CENT STORE"...and indicates a location on Center Street. This discrepancy might indicate a printing error or a later alteration of the signage. The back of the card (Image 2) contains a complete advertisement, providing the correct address: 38 Center Street. The back of the card is not blank and contains a full advertisement for the store.

This trade card for Lippmann's, a dry goods store in Oakland, California, features a whimsical illustration of a young boy standing next to an oversized locust. The boy is depicted in period clothing, likely from the late 19th century. The image is likely meant to convey a sense of scale or perhaps relate to the vast selection offered by Lippmann's. Below the illustration, the business's address is prominently displayed: 903 & 905 Broadway, two doors above 8th. The back of the card is blank.

Trade card for Louis Strauss's dry goods store in Elmira, New York. The front of the card features the name 'LOUIS STRAUSS' and the address 'No. 3 UNION BLOCK.' The back of the card depicts an Indian Head and is marked '1863'. The description also references a book titled 'U.S. Tokens 1700-1900' by Rulau, published in 1997, suggesting the card's provenance and potential scholarly context. The card's geographic location is Elmira, New York.

Trade card advertising the New Home Sewing Machine. The verso features a red stamp for M. Cohn Dry Goods. The card is dated circa 1885 and relates to Carson City, Nevada. The card is part of the collection Arc.MS.56, Box 20, Folder 11.

Trade card advertising M. Hamburger's business, located at 306 Broadway, New York City, and 59 Oranienburger, Berlin, Germany. The card advertises "Scrap Pictures, Cards & Novelties." Circa 1885.

This trade card advertises M. Henocksburg's fine millinery shop located at 22 East Genesee Street in Syracuse, New York. The front of the card features the business name, "M. Henocksburg Fine Millinery," prominently displayed at the top. Below, the street address is clearly printed. The card's design is simple and elegant, focusing on the business information. The back of the card is blank. [Moses Henocksburg moved to Marshall, Texas in 1879.]

Trade card advertising M. Newmyer's West End Dry & Fancy Goods Store, located at 1920 Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, D.C. The card depicts children feeding ducks against a gold background. The reverse side contains a full advertisement. The card dates from circa 1885. M. Newmyer was involved with the National Farm School (for Jewish immigrants).

This trade card advertises Ball's Corsets at M. Oppenheimer's store in Milton, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a charming illustration of a woman with a cherub kissing her. The image is likely meant to evoke a sense of beauty and femininity, associating these qualities with the corsets. The back of the card shows a full advertisement. The style of the illustration and the overall aesthetic suggest a late 19th-century origin.

Trade card advertising the dry goods and artistic millinery of M. Oppenheimer in Milton, Pennsylvania. The card features an illustration of two boys riding Star Braid bicycles. Circa 1885.

Die-cut pink leaf-shaped trade card for M. W. Abrahams, advertising novelties. Located at 919 Olive Street, St. Louis, Missouri. Circa 1885.

Trade card advertising M. W. Carr & Co. as the sole manufacturers and selling agents for Bornstein's Improved Patent Pin Hooks. The card includes an actual pin hook. Circa 1885. Issued in Boston and New York, United States.

Trade card advertising Mandel Bro's, a dry goods and clothing store. The card depicts a boy in a hat and striped jacket. The text on the card indicates that they sell silks, cloaks, suits, and fur-lined garments. Published circa 1885 in Chicago, Illinois.

This trade card from Mandel Bro's features a charming illustration of a girl wearing glasses and holding a photo album. The image is likely meant to evoke a sense of nostalgia and family memories, associating the store with cherished personal moments. The text 'Merry Christmas' is prominently displayed, suggesting a holiday promotion. The back of the card is blank. This card is one of two in the record. The other card shows a similar design, but may have additional information.

This record contains two images of a trade card for Marcus Loeb's store in Palatka, Florida. The front of the card (Image 1) depicts three kittens. The back of the card (Image 2) features a full advertisement for Marcus Loeb's business, listing "Dry Goods, Segars, Tobacco and Groceries." [Marcus Loeb first worked as a clerk in Indiana before moving to the Carolinas and then Palatka, Florida in the late 1870s or early 1880s. He opened a small store and saloon, and later became involved in Palatka's civic and political life, including serving as mayor. His store was destroyed in the great fire of 1884. In 1898, he moved his family to Atlanta, Georgia, where he established a successful clothing factory, Marcus Loeb and Company.].

This record contains two images of a trade card for Marcus Loeb's store in Palatka, Florida. The front of the card (image 1) depicts three puppies and announces that the store sells dry goods, segars, tobacco, and groceries. The back of the card (image 2) features a full advertisement for the store. [Marcus Loeb first worked as a clerk in Indiana before moving to the South, eventually settling in Palatka, Florida, where he established a successful store and saloon. He was involved in various business ventures, civic activities (serving as mayor), and the Masonic order. His store was destroyed in the great Palatka fire of 1884. After suffering losses from a freeze in his orange groves, he relocated to Atlanta, Georgia, in 1898 to start a clothing factory.].

This trade card for Mark M. Cohn features a picturesque illustration of a tower situated above a body of water under a moonlit sky. Several small boats are visible on the water. The image is likely a stylized representation of a local landmark or scenic view intended to evoke a sense of place and tranquility. The business information is subtly placed on the card, with "340 Broadway" printed below the image. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises May Brothers, a dry goods and clothing store located at 214 & 216 Front Street in Charleston, West Virginia. The card's design is simple. The front of the card (Image URL: https://iiif-images.library.upenn.edu/iiif/2/f2262799-750b-4b12-862f-b048abfa8559%2Faccess/full/!600,600/0/default.jpg) clearly displays the store's name, merchandise (Dry Goods, Notions, Clothing, &c.), and street address. The back of the card (Image URL: https://iiif-images.library.upenn.edu/iiif/2/a274c8bc-9290-4bd2-8971-9d8124ba8358%2Faccess/full/!600,600/0/default.jpg) is blank. The card is associated with the trustees of the Hebrew Educational Society (1884-1885).

A circa 1885 trade card featuring an advertisement for Mme. Demorest's patterns on the front, and an advertisement for a Downtown Dry Goods Store on the back. The card depicts flowers on the front. The card is part of the O collection and is housed in Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Box 2, Folder 17.

An engraved business card for Morgenthau, Bauland & Co.'s dry goods and notion store, "The Bee Hive." Located at 174 & 176 State Street, Chicago, Illinois, opposite the Palmer House. The card features the store's name and address and is circa 1885.

This trade card advertises Mrs. L.H. Weinberg's store, offering a wide variety of goods including dry goods, notions, ribbons, millinery, ladies' fancy goods, zephyrs, Shetland shawls, and bathing suits. The front of the card is framed by a colorful array of flowers, enhancing its visual appeal. The business name and extensive list of products are clearly printed, along with the address: Atlantic Avenue, opposite the United States Hotel, Atlantic City. The back of the card is NOT ENOUGH INFO. There are multiple images associated with this record, but only one is described here. The second image is NOT ENOUGH INFO.

This trade card advertises Mrs. R. Hafferberg's shop, specializing in ladies' underwear. The front of the card features a yellow rose, a common floral motif in advertising during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The text prominently displays "LADIES UNDERWEAR A SPECIALTY" and the address: 2010 THIRD AVE. BET. 110TH & 111TH STS., New York. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises N. Leopold & Son, a dry goods store in Ellenville, New York. The front of the card lists the business name, "N. Leopold & Son," and specifies that they sell dry goods. It also names the partners: James Gileram & C. C. Schoonmaker. The design is simple and straightforward. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises N.W. Isaacson & Co.'s "The White House," a dry goods, carpet, and cloak store in Princeton, Illinois. The front of the card features a charming illustration of a baby in a basket adorned with pink flowers. The image is likely meant to evoke a sense of comfort, domesticity, and the soft textures of the merchandise sold within the store. The style suggests a late 19th-century aesthetic. The back of the card displays a full advertisement for the store, listing "Dry Goods, Carpet, Cloaks," and the store name: "The White House."

This record contains two trade cards for Nat Raphael & Co., a dry goods store located at 732 and 734 Market Street in San Francisco, California. The front of the first card (image 1) is NOT ENOUGH INFO. The front of the second card (image 2) depicts two girls holding a parasol under what appears to be a large tree. The style suggests it was created sometime in the late 19th century. The back of the second card is a full advertisement for Nat Raphael & Co. The backs of the first card is NOT ENOUGH INFO.

Trade card advertising Newman & Levinson (Successors to Buyer & Reich), importers and dealers in kid gloves, Berlin Zephyrs, German yarns, canvas, chenille, floss beads, hosiery, embroidery, white goods, laces, fancy goods, and trimmings. Located at 129 Kearny Street, San Francisco, California. The card features an illustration related to the nursery rhyme "Simple Simon." Circa 1885.

Trade card advertising Newman & Levinson (Successors to Buyer & Reich), importers and dealers in kid gloves with gold and silver trimmings, Berlin Zephyrs, German yarns, canvas, chenille, floss beads, hosiery, embroidery, white goods, laces, fancy goods, and trimmings. Located at 129 Kearny Street, San Francisco, California. The card features an illustration of the Simple Simon rhyme.

Trade card for Oscar Solomon's dry goods store located at 9 Church Street in New Brunswick, New Jersey. The card is undated, but is circa 1885.

This trade card advertises Philip Goldborg's Busy Bee Store, a dry goods and men's and boys' clothing store located at 2 Palisade Ave., Cor. Getty Square, Yonkers, New York. The front of the card is bordered by a decorative frame of roses. The image shows [more detailed description of the central image on the card needed from the image files]. The back of the card is NOT ENOUGH INFO. A second image is available but its description is NOT ENOUGH INFO.

This blue trade card features numerous advertisements for businesses located on Ridge Avenue in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The front displays multiple advertisements, including one prominently featuring S. C. Levy & Co. at 1817 Ridge Avenue. Other businesses advertised include W. H. Longwell, F. J. Weiss, Great American 5 and 10 Cent Stores, and Baxter's. The types of businesses represented encompass a wide range of goods and services, suggesting a bustling commercial district. The back of the card features the lyrics to a song titled "A Violet from Mother's Grave."

This trade card advertises Rosenbaum & Co., a dry goods store located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a charming illustration of a basket overflowing with white flowers. The text on the card prominently displays "Fleischner's Old Stand" and the address "208 N. 8th St." The use of flowers suggests a focus on elegance and quality merchandise. The back of the card is blank.

Trade card for Rosenthal's, a business with locations in Portland, Oregon, and San Francisco, California. The card depicts two kittens with a butterfly net. Circa 1885.

This trade card advertises Rothschild's Dry Goods in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The front of the card features a charming illustration of children playing in shallow water, with a small sailboat. The children appear to be happily engaged in play, suggesting a carefree and idyllic scene. The style of the illustration and the clothing of the children suggest a late 19th-century setting. The text on the card, which is partially illegible, includes the name Rothschild's and mentions the Pence Opera Block. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises S. Cohen & Co., a dry goods store located at 9 Winter Street in Boston, Massachusetts. The front of the card features an illustration of several young girls dancing in a circle around the number 9, which is prominently displayed. The style of the illustration and the overall design of the card suggest it was created sometime in the late 19th century. The back of the card is fully printed with an advertisement. The back of this card contains a full advertisement; this advertisement is not transcribed here.

Trade card advertising the dry goods and house furnishings business of S. Dannenbaum in Vallejo, California. The card depicts a salesman handing a card to a customer. The reverse side contains an advertisement with a date of January 1, 1884, suggesting a clearance sale. Circa 1885.

Lithographed trade card advertising S. Goldman as a leading dry goods merchant in the Miami Valley, Ohio. The card features a lithograph of Goldman's head and indicates locations in Middletown and Farmersville, Ohio. Undated, but likely circa 1890.

This trade card advertises S. Kann, Sons & Co.'s "Mammoth Establishment" located at 11 East Main Street, near the railroad in Westminster, Maryland. The front of the card (Image 1) likely depicts the store's exterior or interior, although details are not clearly visible in the provided image. The text clearly states the business name, address, and description. The back of the card (Image 2) is blank. [The company was founded in Washington, D.C. in 1893, by Louis, Solomon, and Sigmund Kann. The Baltimore family originally came to Washington in 1890 to liquidate Abe Kaufman's store at 909 Pennsylvania Ave., NW, and returned to establish a permanent business. The store remained family owned until 1971, when it was sold to L. S. Good and Co. of Wheeling, West Virginia. The company closed in 1975.]

This trade card advertises the New Idea Store owned by S. Samelson, located in the Kirchner Building at 278 Main Street, Poughkeepsie, New York. The front of the card depicts a young boy wearing bib overalls. The illustration style suggests a late 19th-century aesthetic. The back of the card features a full advertisement; the text is not legible in the provided image.

This trade card advertises S.G. Moses & Co., dry goods merchants located at 587 Main Street in Hartford, Connecticut. The front of the card features a pastoral scene depicting a man and a woman leisurely fishing. The style suggests a tranquil, idyllic setting, perhaps intended to evoke a sense of relaxation and leisure. The image contrasts subtly with the business's focus on dry goods, a more mundane element of daily life. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Schlang Bros., a dry goods store located at 218 & 220 Fulton Street in Brooklyn, New York. The front of the card features a drawing of a young girl holding a rifle, leaning against a chair. The back of the card describes their new method of credit payments. The style of the illustration and the overall design suggest a late 19th-century origin. A second image shows the back of the card which has text describing their new method of credit payment.

This trade card from H. & N. Weinheimer, dry goods merchants in Syracuse, New York, features a charming illustration of a boy gently placing flowers into a rabbit's basket. The scene is idyllic and evokes feelings of springtime and warmth. The card's main text conveys a festive message: "A Merry Christmas and Happy New Year." The image suggests a connection to the food industry or perhaps a celebration of the harvest. The illustration style suggests a creation date in the late 19th century. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card, from Segelbaum's dry goods store, features a charming illustration on the front: a dog rocking a cradle. The image is likely intended to evoke a sense of home and comfort, associating the store with domesticity and quality. The text "Eureka Silk" is prominently displayed, indicating a specialty of the store. The back of the card is a full advertisement, detailing the wide selection of goods and exceptional service offered at Segelbaum's, emphasizing that they offer "every inducement that can be offered in the dry goods trade." The address is given as "Opposite the Court House."

This trade card advertises Solomon & Nathan, a business offering ladies' and gents' furnishing goods and jewelry in Plattsmouth, Nebraska. The front of the card (Image 1) showcases a charming illustration depicting an oasis scene with Arabs, an ape, and children nearby. This imagery likely served as a decorative element rather than a direct reflection of the store's merchandise. The business's name, "Solomon & Nathan," is prominently displayed on the card. The back of the card (Image 2) is blank.

This trade card advertises Steinaker & Co., a general merchandise store in Weston, Oregon. The front of the card depicts two elves, one holding a bottle and the other a spoon. The illustration is likely related to the sale of food items or confectionery. The back of the card features a full advertisement for Steinaker & Co., providing their address: Corner of Main & Water Streets, Weston, Oregon. The advertisement also lists Soloman Lipman as having a branch in San Francisco. The Oregon Gazette from 1886-1887 lists Steinaker & Co. as a business run by Wilson Steinaker and Soloman Lipman, dealing in general merchandise.

This unusual trade card from Lawrence, Kansas, features two distinct advertisements on the front. The first advertises Steinberg the Clothier, established in 1865, with the tagline "EVERYONE'S FRIEND" and located at 87 Mass. St. The second advertises Steinberg's Dry Goods at 91 Mass. St. The back of the card contains a detailed schedule for a five-day Kansas Yearly Meeting of Quaker Friends. The card's layout is divided into two distinct sections, each with its own text and design elements. The style is characteristic of late 19th-century commercial printing.

This is a double-sided trade card for Stern Brothers, a prominent New York City department store. The front of the card is shaped like a stocking and poses the question, "What shall we put in the children's stockings? See inside." The inside (shown in the second image) unfolds to reveal a full advertisement for a wide variety of goods, including items for girls and notions for men. The back of the card lists the store's address: 32, 34, 36 West 23rd Street. The card is predominantly red and features an array of smaller illustrations of the various items advertised.

This is a unique, fold-out trade card in the shape of a stocking from Stern Brothers, a prominent New York City department store. The front of the card is designed to resemble the top of a Christmas stocking, with the playful question: "What shall we put in the children's stockings? See inside." When opened, the inside reveals a comprehensive advertisement showcasing a wide variety of goods for girls and notions for men. The card is predominantly red and features a detailed listing of items. The back of the card includes the business's full address: 32, 34, 36 West 23rd Street.

This trade card advertises Stern Brothers, a prominent dry goods store located at 32, 34, & 36 West 23rd Street in New York City. The front of the card showcases a detailed illustration of the store's building and Booth's Theatre, offering a glimpse into the bustling urban landscape of late 19th-century New York. The illustration is likely a bird's-eye view, depicting the store's impressive architecture and its prominent position within the neighborhood. The back of the card contains a full advertisement for the store, indicating a comprehensive promotional strategy. The illustration style and detail suggest a high-quality printing process, reflecting the sophistication and prominence of the Stern Brothers business.

This trade card advertises the Straus-Emerich Outfitting Co., located at 1121, 1123, and 1125 Olive Street in St. Louis, Missouri. The front of the card (image 1) depicts a winter scene with a church and pond, framed by a maple leaf. The back of the card (image 2) is a full advertisement, including the announcement of "Free Car Tickets" and a note indicating their previous location at 1116 Olive Street. The card's imagery suggests a late 19th-century aesthetic.

Trade card advertising Switzer & Newwitter & Co., dry goods merchants in Vicksburg, Mississippi. The card features an illustration of a girl in a straw hat. The reverse side contains a full advertisement. Circa 1885.

Trade card advertising The Castle Braid Co. and Schloss & Sons, manufacturers, located at 15 & 17 Mercer Street, between Canal and Grand Street, New York, New York. The card includes a lithograph of a factory in Brooklyn. The date is undated but the date range is estimated to be between 1890 and 1910 based on the style and available information.

Trade card for Weiler Bros.' Big Store, located in the Bimel Block, Portland, Indiana. The card features an image of the store's storefront. Circa 1885.

Trade card for Weinberg's Dry Goods Co., located at 158 Blackstone Street. The card is circa 1885 and has the name David Halpert written on the back. The address is in Boston, Massachusetts, based on the geolocation information.

This trade card advertises William Cohen & Co., a dry goods store in Marysville, California. The front of the card is simple, featuring only the business name, "Wm Cohen & Co., Marysville," printed elegantly across the top. Below, the text "Dry Goods" indicates the nature of their merchandise. The design is minimalist and likely intended to convey a sense of respectability and reliability. The back of the card is blank. The image shows the card is predominantly in shades of dark brown and black ink on what appears to be cream colored card stock.

This trade card advertises William Loeb's dry goods and clothing store located at 26 & 28 North Queen Street in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. The front of the card (image 1) depicts a simple image of cherries. The back of the card (image 2) contains the full advertisement, repeating the address: 26 & 28 North Queen Street. This is the same address as appears on another card for Bamberger & Loeb.

This trade card advertises Willimantic Thread, sold by J. Weinberg. The front of the card features a whimsical illustration of a cherubic figure, dressed in a coat and tails, soaring through the air. The cherub is depicted with a large spool of thread, suggesting speed and coverage. The text accompanying the image is a playful reference to Shakespeare's *A Midsummer Night's Dream*: "I'll put a girdle (of WILLIMANTIC THREAD) round about the Earth in forty minutes." The back of the card displays advertising for J. Weinberg's dry goods store, located at 290 Bleecker Street, New York.

This trade card advertises Wm. Cohen & Co., a dry goods and house furnishings store located in Marysville, California. The front of the card displays the business name, address (73 & 75 D Street, Under St. Nicholas Hotel), and a list of goods sold: "Fancy and Staple Dry Goods, Hats and Millinery Goods." The back of the card lists additional goods: "Carpets, Oil Cloths, Matting, Window Shades, Lace Curtains and Upholster Goods." The text on both the front and back of the card is neatly arranged and easy to read. The card's design is simple and straightforward, typical of trade cards from the late 19th century. The imagery is limited to typography.

This trade card advertises Yochsberg & Ulman, a millinery, fancy goods, and cloaks store in Williamsport, Pennsylvania. The front of the card depicts a charming illustration of a young girl and a woman picking flowers in a garden setting. The style of the illustration suggests a late 19th-century aesthetic. The back of the card is blank. [Isaac Ulman (1818-1886), a well-known citizen of Williamsport, died at his residence on Market Street above 4th Street. He was a brother of Henry, Sadock, and Moses. He was involved in business for 38 years, retiring about 10 years before his death. He was also an owner of the Opera House block on Market Street. He is buried in the Jewish Cemetery near Wildwood. His first wife was Adelaide Yochsberg Ulman (1824-1872). This card is likely from the store owned by one of his sons.]

This trade card advertises Yochsberg & Ulman, milliners and dealers in fancy goods and cloaks, successors to Silverman & Co. The front of the card features a charming illustration of a flower-filled village scene. The text clearly states the business name, goods sold, and the address: 37 West Third Street, Williamsport, Pennsylvania. The back of the card is blank.

This set of four trade cards advertises Kaufman's, a dry goods store located at 25 North Eighth Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The front of each card features a floral design. One card shows white lilies, another card shows bluebells, and two cards show smaller lily designs. The backs of the cards provide more detailed information about the business.

This record contains a set of four Victorian-era trade cards advertising Lansburgh & Bro., a dry goods store located at 420 and 406 Seventh Street NW, Washington, D.C. The image shows one card from the set. This particular card depicts a teacher with a group of clown-like boys. The style is characteristic of late 19th-century illustration. The card is primarily in color. The back of this card is blank. [Further details about the other three cards in the set are not available in the present description, although they are advertised as having various illustrations].

This record contains a set of five trade cards for Lansburgh & Bro., a dry goods store located at 404 and 406 Seventh Street, NW, Washington, D.C. One card in this set, depicted in the available image, shows a drawing of an Asian child playing a violin. The back of this card is blank. [The early address on the card suggests the cards date to before Lansburgh's moved to its larger landmark location on 7th Street.]. The other four cards are described as separately listed but their images are not currently available. [In the 1860s, brothers Gustav and Max Lansburgh opened Baltimore House, a small fancy goods store, which predated the department store. Both brothers were active in Jewish affairs. Minnie Lansburgh Goldsmith, daughter of Gustav Lansburgh, was known for her Jewish philanthropy in Washington, D.C.]

This record contains a set of five trade cards for Lansburgh & Bro., a dry goods store located at 404 and 406 Seventh Street, NW, Washington, D.C. This is an early address for the business. One card, depicted in the thumbnail image, features a drawing of an Asian child playing the violin. The back of this card is blank. The remaining four cards are not described. [In the 1860s, brothers Gustav and Max Lansburgh opened Baltimore House, a small fancy goods store, the predecessor to the landmark Lansburgh's Department Store. Both brothers were active in Jewish affairs. Gustav's daughter, Minnie Lansburgh Goldsmith, became known for her Jewish philanthropy in Washington, D.C.]

This record contains two trade cards advertising Lippmann's Dry Goods, located at 903 & 905 St., Oakland, California. The front of the first card (Image 1) is NOT ENOUGH INFO. The back of the first card is blank. The front of the second card (Image 2) depicts a young girl smelling flowers. The style suggests it was likely created sometime in the late 19th century. The back of the second card is blank.

A trade token featuring an Indian head on the obverse and the words "DRY GOODS" on the reverse. The token dates to circa 1863 and is associated with Philip Bach. Its geographic location is linked to a latitude and longitude that suggests a location near Ann Arbor, Michigan.

This trade token features a Liberty Head on the obverse, dated 1863, and the inscription "JACOBS & CO. DEALERS IN DRY GOODS & CLOTHING" on the reverse. The token was likely used as a form of advertising and small change by the firm. Based on the available information, the location of Jacobs & Co. was likely in South Bend, Indiana, given the geographic coordinates associated with the record.

Trade token issued by L. W. Perrin for dry goods, groceries, and carpets. The token features an Indian head on the obverse and the business description on the reverse. It is described as fine and rare (#4 530G.1a). The token dates from January 1, 1863. Geographic location: likely Michigan, based on coordinates provided in the record.

Trade token issued by the Union Store of A. Wise, located at 185 6th Avenue, New York City. The front of the token reads "COMPETITION DEFIED WITHOUT EXCEPTION" in reference to the store's dry goods offerings. The back indicates that one dollar could be exchanged for 99 of these tokens. Date inferred from context: January 1, 1855.

Trade token issued by the Union Store of A. Wise, located at 185 6th Avenue, New York City. The front of the token features the inscription: "COMPETITION DEFIED WITHOUT EXCEPTION" in relation to their dry goods. The back of the token states: "ONE DOLLAR PAID FOR 99 OF THESE TOKENS." The date is inferred to be circa 1855 based on the provided metadata.

Pre-Civil War trade token issued by the Union Store of A. Wise, located at 185 6th Avenue, New York City. The front of the token reads, "COMPETITION DEFIED WITHOUT EXCEPTION" in a decorative border and indicates that the token is for "FANCY AND STAPLE DRY GOODS". The back of the token reads, "ONE DOLLAR PAID FOR 99 OF THESE TOKENS" with the store's address. Circa 1855.