Subject: History

This manuscript ledger records the 1863 tax assessments for the 7th District of New Orleans, Louisiana. Compiled most likely before the Federal occupation of May 1863, it details the taxes assessed on real estate, slaves (including those owned by Free People of Color), income, and personal property of numerous residents and businesses. The ledger is handwritten in ink and pencil, bound in gray cloth boards, and features printed column headings. It provides a valuable snapshot of the demographics, wealth distribution, and economic activities of New Orleans during the Civil War.

This is a certificate of merit awarded to a student in the First Grade, Section A of Congregation Beth Israel Sabbath School in Meridian, Mississippi, on June 30th, 1898. The award recognizes the student for achieving the highest average in April, May, and June of that year. The certificate features a printed list of 600 Talmudic sayings. The document also notes that the Rosenbaum family were among the first Jewish families in Meridian before the Civil War.

This is a revised American edition of Richard Watson's "A Biblical and Theological Dictionary," published by Lane & Scott in 1851. The dictionary provides explanations of the history, manners, and customs of the Jews, offering a comprehensive resource for understanding the biblical and theological context of Jewish life.

This book, published in 1837, is a Biblical and Theological Dictionary. It explains the history, manners, and customs of the Jews and neighboring nations, and provides an account of the most remarkable places and persons mentioned in the Scripture. The author is Richard Watson.

This book is a church directory for New York City, published in 1867. Pages 50-51 contain a listing of the 28 synagogues operating in New York City at that time. The directory provides valuable insight into the early development of Jewish communities in New York City, highlighting the growth of congregations, many stemming from Landsmannschaften (immigrant societies). The included historical context explains the significance of these congregations and their role within the evolving social landscape of the city's Jewish population.

This book, published by Cropper & Sons in Cincinnati in 1851, is a first edition of Rabbi H. A. Henry's "A Class Book for the Jewish Youth of Both Sexes." It contains an abridged history of the Bible and biographical notices of significant figures in Jewish history. The book was also available at the author's location opposite the synagogue. This particular copy bears the stamp of Nathan Roseau from Grand Rapids, Michigan.

This book, published in Boston in July 1796 by Manning and Loring for Solomon Cotton, Jr., contains a collection of President George Washington's speeches to Congress and his responses to addresses from various groups. Notably, it includes correspondence between Washington and several Jewish congregations (Newport, Rhode Island; Philadelphia, New York, Charleston, and Richmond), marking it as the first official U.S. government publication relating to American Jews. Published "according to Act of Congress," the book also features Washington's responses to these addresses, showcasing his support for religious tolerance. The book is in excellent condition, bound in full calf leather (with a professionally replaced spine), and includes a book advertisement by the publisher on the last page.

Book -"A DISCOURSE HAD IN THE COLLEGE.HALL AT CAMBRIDGE, 3/27/1722. BEFORE THE; BAPTISM OF R. JUDAH MONIS..TO WHICH IS ADDED 3 DISCOURSES WRITTEN BY MR. MONIS HIMSELF,; "THE "A Discourse had in the College. Hall at Cambridge, 3/27/1722. Before the Baptism of R. Judah Monis...To Which Is Added 3 Discourses Written by Mr. Monis Himself… "The Truth the Whole Truth and, Nothing But the Truth" One OF WHICH DELIVERD BY HIM AT HIS; BAPTISM. …1722 Cambridge..1st edition.The volume of conversionist dis- courses that appears under his name (The Truth, The Whole Truth, and Nothing But the Truth, published soon after his conversion in 1722) makes him the first Jewish author in America. The volume is remarkable for its cou- pling of classical Jewish erudition with a direct and frank address to "my Brethren According to the Flesh." Morris ad- mits: "I do expect the News of my Embracing the Christ- ian Religion that came to your Ears some time ago, has been somewhat surprizing to you all; and I am afraid you did not think it to be the best you ever have heard." Still, he prayed that God would "in due time take the Vail [sic] from before the eyes of your Understanding, that so you may see the veracity of his Christ." This rare set of speeches is by Judah Monis upon his conversion to Christianity, it is also bound with the speech delivered by Benjamin Colman, Minister at Christ's Church, at the conversion. Judah Monis (February 4, 1683 - April 25, 1764) was North America's first college instructor of the Hebrew language, teaching at Harvard College from 1722 to 1760, and authored the first Hebrew textbook published in North America…1735... The Collection also houses this book. Monis was also the first Jew to receive a college degree in the American colonies. His conversion to Christianity made him a figure of some controversy to both Jews and Christians. His conversion attracted widespread notoriety. Some Christian clergy warned of other converted Jews who reverted to their original faith. They expressed concern that Harvard's requirement that its faculty members be Christians had compelled Monis to an insincere conversion. European Jews wrote of their outrage and dismay. Monis, however, defended his conversion in three books, published in 1722 (list above in the Collection). He argued that he left Judaism out of religious conviction, not opportunism. History…Monis was born in Italy in 1683, into a family of formerly Portuguese converses. Educated at Jewish academies in Italy and Holland, Monis emigrated to New York City around 1715, where he established a small store and taught Hebrew to Christians and Jews. By 1720 he moved to Cambridge, Mass., home of Harvard College and an area in which few Jews resided. At that time, all Harvard undergraduates except freshmen were required to study Hebrew. Harvard assumed that no Christian gentleman could be considered truly educated unless he could read the Bible in its original language. Encouraged by friends, Monis presented his personal, handwritten manual of Hebrew grammar to the Harvard Corporation in 1720, for its "Judicious perusall." Two years later, the corporation "Voted, That Mr. Judah Monis be approved instructor of the Hebrew Language," making Monis Harvard's first full-time Hebrew instructor - but not as a Jew. For at that time, Harvard required its entire faculty to be professing Christians. Judah Monis (1683-1764), author of the first Hebrew textbook published in North America (“A Grammar of the Hebrew Tongue, ” Boston, 1735), was the first Jew to receive a college degree in America. Born in Italy to a family of former Portuguese conversos and educated at Jewish academies in Italy and Holland, Monis emigrated to New York around 1715, where he established a small store and taught Hebrew to both Christians and Jews. By 1720 he moved to Cambridge, Massachusetts, home of Harvard College. At that time, all Harvard undergraduates were required to study Hebrew. The assumption being that no Christian gentleman could be considered truly educated unless he could read the Bible in its original language. Monis was approved by the college as instructor of the Hebrew language - Harvard’s first - but not as a Jew, since Harvard required all its faculty to be professing Christians. One month before assuming his post at Harvard, Monis converted to Christianity - a conversion that attracted widespread notoriety. Local Christian clergy expressed concern that Harvard’s requirement that all its faculty members be of the Christian faith had in turn pushed Monis to an insincere conversion. Monis’s life presents a particular case of how a Jew was viewed in Colonial America’s public life. He came to Cambridge, which had no Jewish institutions, to teach Hebrew to Christian students. Having chosen to leave a mature Jewish community in New York City he entered Harvard as a Christian. But the Christian community looked on him with skepticism. Both the Cambridge First Church as well as Harvard College records refer to Monis as “the converted Jew, ” “the converted rabbi;” and “the Christianized Jew.” From the time of his arrival in New York, Monis corresponded with leading Puritan clergy on Kabala, the trinity and Christian doctrine. Monis studied Christianity with Cambridge ministers. One month before assuming his post at Harvard, Monis converted to Christianity. His conversion attracted widespread notoriety. Some Christian clergy warned of other converted Jews who reverted to their original faith. They expressed concern that Harvard's requirement that its faculty members be Christians had compelled Monis to an insincere conversion. European Jews wrote of their outrage and dismay. Monis, however, defended his conversion in three books, published in 1722. He argued that he left Judaism out of religious conviction, not opportunism. Monis' instruction was based on the handwritten text he submitted to the Harvard Corporation in 1720. Each year, his new students had to copy the text by hand, a task that could take up to one month. A rare remaining handwritten copy of Monis' text resides in the archives of the American Jewish Historical Society. In 1724, to save his students from the burden of copying, Monis petitioned the corporation to publish his grammar. Eventually, the corporation agreed. Hebrew type was shipped from London, and in 1735, a thousand copies of Monis'"A Grammar of the Hebrew Tongue!" were published - the first Hebrew textbook published in North America. Hebrew was never a popular course at Harvard in Monis' time. Students complained that the exercises were boring, and college records show that Monis was frequently hazed by his students. While in 1723 the college recorded itself as "greatly pleased with [Monis] assiduity and faithfulness to his instruction," in 1724 the teaching of Hebrew to undergraduates was turned over to tutors. Monis remained responsible only for teaching graduate students and tutors. Monis taught at Harvard until 1760. By then, his responsibilities had dwindled to one weekly class with graduate students. His own health declining and student interest flagging, he retired. Monis died in 1764 and is buried in a churchyard in Northboro, Mass. The Christian community sometimes looked on him with skepticism. The Cambridge First Church and the Harvard College records often refer to Monis as "the converted Jew," "the converted rabbi;" and "the Christianized Jew." Church records indicate concern that Monis may have quietly continued to observe the Sabbath on Saturday. The headstone of his grave in the Northboro churchyard bears witness to the double identity by which Monis lived in Massachusetts. Using the Christian image of a grafted tree for conversion, the inscription reads in part: "A native branch of Jacob see. Which once from off its olive brook/ Regrafted, from the living tree." Full inscription on tombstone: RESURGAM. Here lies buried the remains of RABBI. JUDAH MONIS, MA, late HEBREW. instructer at HARVARD College in. Cambridge in which office he continued 40. years. He was by Birth and Religion a Jew but. embrac'd the Christian faith & was publickly. baptiz'd at Cambridge, AD 1722 and. departed this life April 25, 1764 Aged. 81 years 2 months and 21 days. A native branch of Jacob see! Which, once from off its olive brok. Regrafted, from the living tree. Of the reviving sap partook. Rom.XI.17-24. From teeming Zion's fertil womb, Isai.LXVI.8. As dewy drops in early morn Psal.CX.3. Or rising bodies from the tomb, John V.28 29. At once be Isr'els nation born Isai LXVI.8.

This 22-page pamphlet, published in Providence, Rhode Island in 1828 by Brown, presents a dissertation by James Wilson, Pastor of the Second Congregational Church in Providence. The dissertation discusses the future restoration of the Jews, the overthrow of the papal civil authority, and other related topics. It was originally delivered before a society dedicated to the colonization of converted Christian Jews. The pamphlet is in good condition and housed in a wrapper.

This 1868 guidebook to Philadelphia, published by John Dainty, provides a comprehensive overview of the city, including a city map and lithographs of notable buildings. The guide lists seven Jewish synagogues in Philadelphia but notably lacks advertisements from Jewish merchants.

This book, published in London in 1830 by Saunders and Benning, provides a detailed history of Jewish settlement in England and a thorough examination of the civil disabilities faced by Jews at the time. The work covers legal restrictions on property ownership, real estate, and employment, including the discriminatory wording in oaths required for civil service, academic degrees, and professional guilds. The book is significant for its in-depth analysis of the legal and social challenges faced by England's Jewish community in the early 19th century. This copy features the bookplate of David James Benjamin, and has some physical imperfections (stains, tears, and worn cardboard binding).

This book is an 86-page abridged version of Henry Hart Milman's *History of the Jews*, likely adapted by M. Lilienthal. Published by Bloch Publishing Company in Cincinnati and Chicago, it includes an 1891 Sunday School reward of merit inscription from a previous owner.

This book, published around 1860 in Philadelphia, provides a history of modern Jews. It includes a discussion of contemporary events in Damascus, described as 'ugly' in the donor's notes, suggesting a focus on the Damascus Affair or similar events. The overall tone is described as 'well balanced for the times'.

This is a lunar calendar covering the years 5566-5619 Anno Mundi (1806-1859 CE), authored by Moses Lopez and recommended by Rev. Mr. Seixas. Published in Newport, Rhode Island, by the Office of the Newport Mercury in 1806, it's considered the first Hebrew Almanac published by a Jew in the USA. This particular copy belonged to Rebecca Gratz, who inscribed it in 1808 and used it to record the deaths of family members in the margins. The calendar includes a table for determining Sabbath candle-lighting times for New York City, developed by Rev. Joseph Jessuran Pinto in 1759 and widely adopted by Jewish communities.

This is a working copy of the first edition of *A Military and Topographical Atlas of the United States*, printed by G. Palmer in Philadelphia in 1813. This copy belonged to Mordecai Myers, a captain in the 13th Infantry during the War of 1812, and contains numerous annotations in pencil and ink, primarily within the register of the army. The book originally included eight large fold-out maps, but this copy is missing all of them. It also contains a bookplate from the Library of Congress noting the missing maps, as well as several inscriptions from Myers' ownership and subsequent family members.

This pamphlet contains a sermon delivered by Jonathan French at a lecture in the South Parish in Andover on January 1, 1777. The sermon, titled "A Practical Discourse Against Extortion," uses the Old Testament book of Ezekiel as its foundation to argue against extortion. It offers a commentary on the socio-economic realities of the time and may reflect the anxieties and challenges faced during the early stages of the American Revolutionary War. The sermon was printed in Boston by T. and J. Fleet.

This pamphlet provides a report of the trial of Samuel Tully and John Dalton, who were indicted for piracy on January 21, 1812, in Boston, Massachusetts. The second edition, published by Uriah P. Levy, details the charges against Tully and Dalton, including the theft of the schooner *George Washington*, owned by Levy, and the murder of George Cummings. The trial's account includes Tully's sentencing to death by hanging and Dalton's eleventh-hour reprieve. The text is taken directly from the trial minutes.

This 1795 Philadelphia edition reprints Richard Brothers' 1794 London publication, in which he proclaims himself a millennialist prophet, Prince of the Hebrews, and descendant of King David. Brothers details his belief in the imminent return of the Jews to Jerusalem (by 1798) under his leadership, identifying a 'hidden Israel' within Great Britain's population. He also predicted a significant role in gathering the Jews back to Palestine. This book is considered the first British-Israelite publication.

This 53-page pamphlet by Justus Henry Christian Helmuth, minister of the Lutheran Congregation in Philadelphia, details the 1794 yellow fever epidemic in Philadelphia. The pamphlet lists the deaths by religious denomination, notably including two Jewish individuals, Meyer Hart and Nathan Barnett, on page 2. Published in 1794 by Jones, Hoff & Derrick.

This 1860 volume, published by H.H. Bancroft and Company in San Francisco, is a citation index of California legal cases up to that year. Authored by Henry J. Labatt, a prominent Sephardic Jewish lawyer, it's considered the first ever volume of citation indexes. This copy is signed on both covers by M.W. Gordon, a long-time judge of Amador County.

This is the second edition of a treatise on ophthalmology by W. Lawrence, FRS, published by Blanchard and Lea in Philadelphia in 1854. The book contains 243 illustrations by Dr. Isaac Hays, surgeon at Wills Hospital, and comprises 948 pages, along with a 32-page advertising section. The book is bound in full leather.

This book, published in 1880, recounts the experiences of Septima Levy Collis during the American Civil War (1861-1865). Mrs. Collis, born Septima Levy, daughter of David Cardoza Levy of Charleston, South Carolina, details her perspective on the conflict, including the loss of her brother, David Cardoza Levy Jr., who fought for the Confederacy. The book also includes details about her marriage to Capt. Charles Collis (who later became a general) in Philadelphia on December 6, 1861, and her father's involvement in the Reformed movement in Charleston.

This book contains a collection of poems by Luriana A. H. Munday, published in 1859. One poem is dedicated to the Mexican War. The book is notable for being printed by a Jewish printer, an unusual occurrence for the time period. The book includes billheads for the U.S. Banknote Company, operated by Levey Bros. and Company, bank stationers in Indianapolis, Indiana.

This book contains the Act of Incorporation for the Hebrew Benevolent Society of Montgomery, Alabama, as passed by the Alabama General Assembly in 1851. The act, which is found on pages 291-295, includes the society's full constitution. This is a first edition of *Acts of the Third Biennial Session of the General Assembly of Alabama*, printed by Brittan and De Wolf, State Printers, in Montgomery in 1852. The volume also includes various other acts of incorporation for organizations, railroads, towns, and other entities in Alabama.

This volume contains the Acts of the General Assembly of the State of Georgia, passed during the session held in Milledgeville in November and December of 1857. Published in Columbus, Georgia in 1858, this first edition includes various enactments on corporations, banking, internal improvements, probate, and civil and criminal procedures. Of particular interest is the incorporation of the United Hebrew Society of Macon on pages 158-159, a burial society whose incorporators are listed within. The book also includes legislation prohibiting slaves and free people of color from residing separately from their owners, employers, or guardians.

First edition of the Acts of the Fifth Congress (1797), published by William Ross in Philadelphia. This volume includes the controversial Alien and Sedition Acts, legislation that granted the federal government broad powers to deal with aliens and dissenters. It also contains acts establishing the U.S. Post Office, the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps, and important treaties with the Cherokee Nation and Tripoli. The Treaty of Tripoli, notably, explicitly states that the U.S. government is not founded on the Christian religion and affirms religious neutrality in foreign relations. This book offers a complete record of the Acts and the Journals of the House for all three sessions of the Fifth Congress.

This volume contains the acts passed during the first session of the ninth Louisiana Legislature, which convened in New Orleans on December 8, 1828. Printed by Benjamin Levy, this is considered the first printing contract awarded by a state to a Jewish printer in the United States. The book includes English and French text on facing pages and features a list of acts, an index, and the 1812 Constitution of Louisiana. Notable acts included are a comprehensive slave registration statute and various laws concerning the militia, infrastructure, land titles, and civil and criminal matters. This is a first edition.

This brochure advertises the Great Cyclorama of Jerusalem, a massive circular painting (50 feet high and 400 feet long) depicting the Crucifixion of Jesus and the city of Jerusalem. The advertisement likely includes descriptions of the cyclorama's scenes and its location in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was produced sometime around the 1850s.

This is the second, revised edition of Josiah Priest's book, *American Antiquities and Discoveries in the West*. Published in 1833, it expands upon the evidence for an ancient, partially civilized population in America, exploring their origins and describing their monumental works. Notably, this edition includes an extensive account of the Jews and a discussion of Mormon origins, new additions to this edition.

This pamphlet from June 1892 details the founding of the American Jewish Historical Society in Baltimore, Maryland. It includes the minutes from the first official meeting, the society's constitution, a list of its officers, and a roster of its members. The creation of this organization marked a pivotal moment in the documentation of Jewish history in America, preceding the mass migration of Jews to the United States.

This is the June 1758 issue of the Philadelphia periodical, *American Magazine and Monthly Chronicle for the British Colonies*. This issue is particularly significant for containing the first published English translation of a sermon delivered by Rabbi David Fraenckel of Berlin following the Prussian victory at Leuthen. Published by William Bradford, this marks the first Jewish publication in the Americas. The sermon, celebrating Prussian victory and the role of Jews in the Prussian state, was subsequently reprinted several times in pamphlet form in the American colonies.

This is a six-page octavo pamphlet (130mm x 210mm) containing the text of an act of the Parliament of Scotland from 1716. The act extends the duty on ale and beer within Edinburgh for the benefit of the city and discontinues the payment of the Jews' petty port customs in Edinburgh for the duration of the act. The pamphlet is unbound and lacks a title page, as originally issued.

This pamphlet reprints the Marriage Act of 1753, the first British law requiring a formal marriage ceremony. Published by John Baskett in London, the act aimed to end clandestine marriages, particularly those occurring in Fleet Prison. The act detailed regulations for parish marriages, including the publication of banns, ministerial notification, and license requirements. Failure to comply resulted in transportation to the American colonies. Significantly, the act exempted members of the Royal Family, Quakers, Jews, and those in Scotland or abroad.

This pamphlet reprints an act of Parliament from 1799 that amends an earlier act (from 1756) enabling King George II to grant commissions to foreign Protestant officers and engineers to serve in America. The amendment likely addressed issues or gaps in the original act. Published in London by George Eyre and Andrew Strahan, the pamphlet is a folio-sized document.

This pamphlet reprints an act of Parliament from November 18, 1746, extending the provisions of an earlier act (from June 5, 1740) granting naturalization rights to foreign Protestants in the American colonies. Significantly, this extension also applied to foreign Protestants who conscientiously scrupled taking an oath, effectively including Jews who were exempt from oaths according to the laws of England. The reprinted act was published in 1747 by Thomas Baskett, Printer to the King. This copy is a first printing and shows the coat of arms on the title page. This pamphlet is significant for its inclusion of Jews under the definition of those entitled to naturalization, reflecting the evolving legal landscape of religious tolerance in the 18th century.

This pamphlet reprints "An Act to Incorporate the Girard Bank, in the City of Philadelphia," passed on April 3, 1832, and its supplementary act passed on March 19, 1836. It also includes an appendix referencing other relevant laws. This 1836 edition is a first printing and provides the legal framework for the Girard Bank's operations, outlining its structure, powers, and regulations. The pamphlet is significant for its role in documenting the legal history of banking in Philadelphia and the involvement of prominent figures like Hyman and Joseph Gratz.

This Act of the British Parliament, passed in 1702, mandates that Jewish parents must continue to financially support their children who convert to Protestantism. This legislation, included in a volume of Acts from 1701-1704, stems from a petition regarding a young woman who was disowned upon converting. While intended to encourage conversions, this act remained in effect until its repeal in 1865.

This pamphlet is the first printing of the Act that repealed Britain's 1753 Jewish Naturalization Act. Published in London by Thomas Baskett in 1754, this Act was a response to widespread public outcry and opposition to the earlier act, which had granted British Jews certain rights. The repeal is a landmark document in Jewish history, highlighting the intense social and political climate surrounding Jewish emancipation in 18th-century Britain. The Act itself declares the 1753 act void, citing the disquiet it caused among the King's subjects.

This pamphlet contains the text of an address delivered by William Sheffield before the Rhode Island Historical Society on February 7, 1882. The address focuses on the owners of privateer vessels operating between 1741 and 1783, specifically mentioning Moses Levy, Isaac Hart, and Napthali Hart and their involvement with various ships. Sheffield's address provides valuable insights into the maritime history of Rhode Island and the roles played by Jewish merchants in privateering during that period. Notably, the address highlights the absence of Lopez or Gomez families among the documented privateer ship owners, suggesting further research into their potential involvement.

Bound book containing two works: "An Epitome of General Ecclesiastical History, From Earliest Period to Present Time, With Appendix Giving Concise History of Jews From Destruction of Jerusalem to Present Day" and "A Compendium of the History of the Jews" by Adam Clark. Published in 1827.

This book, published in 1827, provides a concise overview of general ecclesiastical history and includes a dedicated appendix offering a condensed history of the Jewish people. Author John Marsh presents a chronological account of significant events and figures in both Christian and Jewish history, aiming to provide readers with a comprehensive, albeit brief, understanding of both religious traditions. The book likely serves as a resource for students or those seeking a general overview of religious history.

This book, published in 1851 by Lane & Scott for the Sunday School Union of the Methodist Episcopal Church in New York, provides a concise overview of Jewish history. It is a relatively rare book with only two copies listed in WorldCat.

This 56-page pamphlet, published in 1854 by M. W. Dodd in New York, presents William Jay's examination of the Mosaic laws concerning servitude. The first edition, originally issued in octavo format and lacking its wrappers, offers a scholarly analysis of this aspect of Jewish law within its historical context.

This pamphlet, dated 1834, details a schism within the Medical Society of South Carolina regarding the establishment of a medical college in Charleston. Minutes from December 2, 1833, are included. The document highlights the disagreements between professors at the Medical College and the Medical Society. Jacob De La Motta, Secretary of the Medical Society, is identified as the author.

This is the first edition of Samuel Sewall's Hebrew grammar, published in Boston in 1763 by R. and S. Draper. Based on the works of Israel Lyons and Richard Grey, it includes a praxis from sacred classics and a sketch of Hebrew poetry as retrieved by Bishop Hare. This book is one of only two Hebrew grammars printed in the Americas before the 19th century and is considered an important companion to Judah Monis's lexicon (1753). The book is dedicated to the President and Fellows of Harvard College, reflecting the importance of Hebrew studies in colonial American education.

This pamphlet contains the text of an oration delivered by Henry Laurens Pinckney on July 4, 1833, in Charleston, South Carolina, before several prominent organizations including the State Rights & Free Trade Party, the State Society of Cincinnati, the Revolution Society, the '76 Association, and the State Volunteers. Published by request, the oration commemorates the 57th anniversary of American independence and reflects on the recent Nullification Crisis. Myer M. Cohen, a prominent Charleston Jew and chairman of the Committee of the '76 Association, is mentioned. The speech defends State Rights advocates against accusations of opposing the federal government.

This is a four-page British patent document, issued March 3, 1863, to Barnet Solomon Cohen of London for an apparatus designed to protect the points of pencils. The patent includes a diagram illustrating the invention. Barnet Solomon Cohen and his brother, Henry Cohen, who ran stationary establishments in London and Philadelphia respectively, are noted as brothers who engaged in cross-Atlantic trade of various goods.

This 12-page book, published in New York by Thalmessinger & Cahn in 1867, makes an appeal for the establishment of the American Hebrew College in New York City. Affiliated with Congregation Emanu-El, the proposed college aimed to provide higher Jewish education. The text is presented in both English and German, reflecting the linguistic diversity of the Jewish community at the time. This publication represents a significant effort to create a Jewish college in New York City, occurring in the context of the concurrent founding of Maimonides College in Philadelphia.

This 61-page pamphlet contains the legal argument presented by Alfred A. Cohen on behalf of the plaintiff, George W. Tyler, in the case of *Tyler vs. Pratt* in the District Court of the Fourth Judicial District of California, San Francisco. The case concerned a divorce settlement, specifically the compensation owed to Tyler for his services in a previous case involving the defendant, Annie A. Pratt. The pamphlet, published in 1877 by Francis & Valentine Commercial Printing, details the complexities of the case and involves accusations of adultery and desertion. A $10,000 award was made in this case.

Book- Arguments Of The Hon. Edward Stanly. And T. W. Park, Esq. With The Charge Of The Court, At The Trial Of Alfred A. Cohen On A Charge Of Embezzlement, In The Case Of Adams & Co., By H. M. Naglee, Receiver, Versus Alfred A. Cohen, In The District Court Of The Fourth Judicial District Of The State Of California, Hon. John S. Hager President, March, 1856...see newspaper article and challenge to a duel; (in collection...see ID 2010.01.04.00001). A lawsuit by the failed Adams & Company of California express company against Alfred Andrew Cohen (1829-1887). An early Jewish Gold Rush settler of California, Cohen was jailed on these dubious charges, studied law in prison, was acquitted, and went on to become a prominent lawyer and railroad financier. Cohen, Alfred A.; capitalist, and a lawyer of great ability; was born in London, England, July 17, 1829; died on the railroad train, near Sydney, Nebraska, while returning from N. Y. to S. F., Nov. 16, 1887; he sold the S. F. and Alameda R. R. Co's line to the Central Pacific R. R. Co.; a bitter controversy with the magnates of the latter company followed, and lasted several years, their complaint, for $106,306, damages, being filed in the 12th District Court, March 7, 1876 See following write up on the Challenge to a duel: ….King, taking advantage of the sailing of the American bark Undine with adventurers for San Francisco, secured passage and arrived there on November 10, 1848. He proceeded at once to the mines on the South Fork of the American river but, without remaining long, returned to Sacramento and entered the mercantile firm of Hensley, Reading & Co. of that place as a partner and book-keeper. From there, in the autumn of 1849 he returned to San Francisco and on December 5, 1849, in conjunction with Jacob R. Snyder, established and opened the banking house of "James King of Wm. & Co." on the southwest corner of Montgomery and Washington streets. On March 5, 1852, Snyder withdrew from the firm, and King then carried on the business alone, under the name of " James King of William." He succeeded in inspiring confidence in his integrity and made money as well as reputation. In May, 1851, his family, then consisting of a wife and four children, joined him; and, with brilliant prospects ahead, he erected for them a fine residence, kept horses and a carriage and lived in a style befitting his position as a prosperous banker. He was always exceedingly outspoken in the expression of his sentiments; and in various positions, and particularly as foreman of the grand jury of San Francisco in 1853, he was called upon to take a prominent and positive stand in reference to the moral and social abominations and the political corruptions which were reeking on every side of him. He was not found wanting at this task: on the contrary he got the reputation of, and became widely known as, a man, not only of honor and integrity but also of intelligence and courage. Unfortunately for him his employees were not all as honest, or at least as prudent, as himself; and one of them, by investing in certain mining and ditch property in Tuolumne County, involved him in difficulties, which threatened and in fact brought him to the verge of financial ruin. In June 1854, while King was in this position and suffering great anxiety for fear of not being able to meet his engagements, Isaiah C. Woods of the express and banking house of Adams & Co. proposed that, if he would turn over all his assets and enter the service of Adams & Co., that firm would assume all his liabilities and pay him a salary of a little over a thousand dollars per month. He accepted the offer, supposing the house to be perfectly solvent; and the house on its part readily ratified the bargain, knowing that King's assets with good management would be more than enough to meet all his liabilities and that his reputation for honesty would be worth much more than any possible loss by employing him. The contract was an employment for two years from June 27, 1854. For a short time everything went on well. But by degrees he became very much dissatisfied with Woods' methods of business and also with several of Woods' friends. One of these was Alfred A. Cohen, against whom he appears to have felt a great antipathy. In a few days after entering the house King expressed his dislike of Cohen; but, on Woods' representations that Cohen was a good friend of Adams & Co., King agreed to suppress his feelings. Sometime in August, however, according to King's statement, a conversation occurred in reference to a sale of gold-dust said to have been made by Cohen, as broker for Adams & Co., to Page, Bacon & Co.; and the result was very great ill-feeling between the two men. Both were evidently very hot-tempered. On July 14, 1855, a few months after the failure of Page, Bacon & Co. and Adams & Co. and the extensive losses among all classes of the people caused thereby, and while very great excitement prevailed in reference to the frauds that were supposed to have been perpetrated in the management of the Adams & Co. affairs, King published a newspaper card to the effect that Woods had on more than one occasion, in his presence and the presence of others, said that Adams & Co. made a hundred thousand dollars a year out of sales of gold-dust to Page, Bacon & Co. But he added that he himself had not had the slightest idea, until within five or six days, of any improper means having been made use of by Woods to effect such sales, which he then charged had been the case. Three days afterwards King and Cohen met in front of Barrett & Sherwood's jewelry store on Montgomery Street; and after a few heated words in reference to King's card, an encounter took place between them in which neither was hurt, but Cohen considered himself insulted. Later on the same day, evidently taking that view of the subject, and yielding to the then prevalent opinion on the subject of dueling, Cohen sent King a challenge. The challenge was carried to King by John K. Hackett; and the next day King replied, by Letter to Hackett and through the newspapers, declining to fight and giving as his chief reasons his duty to his family and his opposition to dueling on moral grounds. At the same time King announced that while nothing could induce him to change his principles upon the subject of dueling, his conscience was perfectly easy as to the right and propriety of defending himself if he should be assaulted. This open refusal on the part of King to fight a duel, being the first instance in California in which a prominent man born south of Mason and Dixon's line had taken that stand, at once raised him much higher than he stood before in the estimation of those classes of the community who were opposed to dueling. Though southern men still adhered to the "code," as it was called, most Northern men were opposed to it. The general public sentiment of the community was violently opposed to it, as was indicated by the adoption of the provision of the constitution of 1849, which declared that no citizen, thereafter fighting a duel or sending or accepting a challenge or who should act as second or knowingly aid or assist in a duel, should be allowed to hold any office of profit or enjoy the right of suffrage, and the statutes of the legislature of 1850, making the same acts felony punishable by imprisonment in the state prison. Such being the case, though little respect was paid to the constitution or the statute by public men, King's stand on the subject, on account of its accordance with the law and its being recognized as dictated by enlightened principle, was considered as doing him great credit and gained him very great applause. Nearly all the newspapers of the day heartily praised it; and no one dared to openly disapprove obedience to the constitution and statutes. Though some duels have since taken place and some men still adhere or profess to adhere to the code, few or no duels between otherwise respectable men have taken place for a number of years; and James King of William, more than any other man, is entitled to the praise of having started the movement that put a stop to the barbarous practice. James King of William is challenged to a duel by Mr. Alfred Cohen but refuses on moral reasons. Cohen, Alfred A.; capitalist, and a lawyer of great ability; was born in London, England, July 17, 1829; died on the railroad train, near Sydney, Nebraska, while returning from N. Y. to S. F., Nov. 16, 1887; he sold the S. F. and Alameda R. R. Co's line to the Central Pacific R. R. Co.; a bitter controversy with the magnates of the latter company followed, and lasted several years, their complaint, for $106,306, damages, being filed in the 12th District Court, March 7, 1876 See following write up on the Challenge to a duel: ….King, taking advantage of the sailing of the American bark Undine with adventurers for San Francisco, secured passage and arrived there on November 10, 1848. He proceeded at once to the mines on the South Fork of the American river but, without remaining long, returned to Sacramento and entered the mercantile firm of Hensley, Reading & Co. of that place as a partner and book-keeper. From there, in the autumn of 1849 he returned to San Francisco and on December 5, 1849, in conjunction with Jacob R. Snyder, established and opened the banking house of "James King of Wm. & Co." on the southwest corner of Montgomery and Washington streets. On March 5, 1852, Snyder withdrew from the firm, and King then carried on the business alone, under the name of " James King of William." He succeeded in inspiring confidence in his integrity and made money as well as reputation. In May, 1851, his family, then consisting of a wife and four children, joined him; and, with brilliant prospects ahead, he erected for them a fine residence, kept horses and a carriage and lived in a style befitting his position as a prosperous banker. He was always exceedingly outspoken in the expression of his sentiments; and in various positions, and particularly as foreman of the grand jury of San Francisco in 1853, he was called upon to take a prominent and positive stand in reference to the moral and social abominations and the political corruptions which were reeking on every side of him. He was not found wanting at this task: on the contrary he got the reputation of, and became widely known as, a man, not only of honor and integrity but also of intelligence and courage. Unfortunately for him his employees were not all as honest, or at least as prudent, as himself; and one of them, by investing in certain mining and ditch property in Tuolumne County, involved him in difficulties, which threatened and in fact brought him to the verge of financial ruin. In June 1854, while King was in this position and suffering great anxiety for fear of not being able to meet his engagements, Isaiah C. Woods of the express and banking house of Adams & Co. proposed that, if he would turn over all his assets and enter the service of Adams & Co., that firm would assume all his liabilities and pay him a salary of a little over a thousand dollars per month. He accepted the offer, supposing the house to be perfectly solvent; and the house on its part readily ratified the bargain, knowing that King's assets with good management would be more than enough to meet all his liabilities and that his reputation for honesty would be worth much more than any possible loss by employing him. The contract was an employment for two years from June 27, 1854. For a short time everything went on well. But by degrees he became very much dissatisfied with Woods' methods of business and also with several of Woods' friends. One of these was Alfred A. Cohen, against whom he appears to have felt a great antipathy. In a few days after entering the house King expressed his dislike of Cohen; but, on Woods' representations that Cohen was a good friend of Adams & Co., King agreed to suppress his feelings. Sometime in August, however, according to King's statement, a conversation occurred in reference to a sale of gold-dust said to have been made by Cohen, as broker for Adams & Co., to Page, Bacon & Co.; and the result was very great ill-feeling between the two men. Both were evidently very hot-tempered. On July 14, 1855, a few months after the failure of Page, Bacon & Co. and Adams & Co. and the extensive losses among all classes of the people caused thereby, and while very great excitement prevailed in reference to the frauds that were supposed to have been perpetrated in the management of the Adams & Co. affairs, King published a newspaper card to the effect that Woods had on more than one occasion, in his presence and the presence of others, said that Adams & Co. made a hundred thousand dollars a year out of sales of gold-dust to Page, Bacon & Co. But he added that he himself had not had the slightest idea, until within five or six days, of any improper means having been made use of by Woods to effect such sales, which he then charged had been the case. Three days afterwards King and Cohen met in front of Barrett & Sherwood's jewelry store on Montgomery Street; and after a few heated words in reference to King's card, an encounter took place between them in which neither was hurt, but Cohen considered himself insulted. Later on the same day, evidently taking that view of the subject, and yielding to the then prevalent opinion on the subject of dueling, Cohen sent King a challenge. The challenge was carried to King by John K. Hackett; and the next day King replied, by Letter to Hackett and through the newspapers, declining to fight and giving as his chief reasons his duty to his family and his opposition to dueling on moral grounds. At the same time King announced that while nothing could induce him to change his principles upon the subject of dueling, his conscience was perfectly easy as to the right and propriety of defending himself if he should be assaulted. This open refusal on the part of King to fight a duel, being the first instance in California in which a prominent man born south of Mason and Dixon's line had taken that stand, at once raised him much higher than he stood before in the estimation of those classes of the community who were opposed to dueling. Though southern men still adhered to the "code," as it was called, most Northern men were opposed to it. The general public sentiment of the community was violently opposed to it, as was indicated by the adoption of the provision of the constitution of 1849, which declared that no citizen, thereafter fighting a duel or sending or accepting a challenge or who should act as second or knowingly aid or assist in a duel, should be allowed to hold any office of profit or enjoy the right of suffrage, and the statutes of the legislature of 1850, making the same acts felony punishable by imprisonment in the state prison. Such being the case, though little respect was paid to the constitution or the statute by public men, King's stand on the subject, on account of its accordance with the law and its being recognized as dictated by enlightened principle, was considered as doing him great credit and gained him very great applause. Nearly all the newspapers of the day heartily praised it; and no one dared to openly disapprove obedience to the constitution and statutes. Though some duels have since taken place and some men still adhere or profess to adhere to the code, few or no duels between otherwise respectable men have taken place for a number of years; and James King of William, more than any other man, is entitled to the praise of having started the movement that put a stop to the barbarous practice. James King of William is challenged to a duel by Mr. Alfred Cohen but refuses on moral reasons. Cohen, Alfred A.; capitalist, and a lawyer of great ability; was born in London, England, July 17, 1829; died on the railroad train, near Sydney, Nebraska, while returning from N. Y. to S. F., Nov. 16, 1887; he sold the S. F. and Alameda R. R. Co's line to the Central Pacific R. R. Co.; a bitter controversy with the magnates of the latter company followed, and lasted several years, their complaint, for $106,306, damages, being filed in the 12th District Court, March 7, 1876 See following write up on the Challenge to a duel: ….King, taking advantage of the sailing of the American bark Undine with adventurers for San Francisco, secured passage and arrived there on November 10, 1848. He proceeded at once to the mines on the South Fork of the American river but, without remaining long, returned to Sacramento and entered the mercantile firm of Hensley, Reading & Co. of that place as a partner and book-keeper. From there, in the autumn of 1849 he returned to San Francisco and on December 5, 1849, in conjunction with Jacob R. Snyder, established and opened the banking house of "James King of Wm. & Co." on the southwest corner of Montgomery and Washington streets. On March 5, 1852, Snyder withdrew from the firm, and King then carried on the business alone, under the name of " James King of William." He succeeded in inspiring confidence in his integrity and made money as well as reputation. In May, 1851, his family, then consisting of a wife and four children, joined him; and, with brilliant prospects ahead, he erected for them a fine residence, kept horses and a carriage and lived in a style befitting his position as a prosperous banker. He was always exceedingly outspoken in the expression of his sentiments; and in various positions, and particularly as foreman of the grand jury of San Francisco in 1853, he was called upon to take a prominent and positive stand in reference to the moral and social abominations and the political corruptions which were reeking on every side of him. He was not found wanting at this task: on the contrary he got the reputation of, and became widely known as, a man, not only of honor and integrity but also of intelligence and courage. Unfortunately for him his employees were not all as honest, or at least as prudent, as himself; and one of them, by investing in certain mining and ditch property in Tuolumne County, involved him in difficulties, which threatened and in fact brought him to the verge of financial ruin. In June 1854, while King was in this position and suffering great anxiety for fear of not being able to meet his engagements, Isaiah C. Woods of the express and banking house of Adams & Co. proposed that, if he would turn over all his assets and enter the service of Adams & Co., that firm would assume all his liabilities and pay him a salary of a little over a thousand dollars per month. He accepted the offer, supposing the house to be perfectly solvent; and the house on its part readily ratified the bargain, knowing that King's assets with good management would be more than enough to meet all his liabilities and that his reputation for honesty would be worth much more than any possible loss by employing him. The contract was an employment for two years from June 27, 1854. For a short time everything went on well. But by degrees he became very much dissatisfied with Woods' methods of business and also with several of Woods' friends. One of these was Alfred A. Cohen, against whom he appears to have felt a great antipathy. In a few days after entering the house King expressed his dislike of Cohen; but, on Woods' representations that Cohen was a good friend of Adams & Co., King agreed to suppress his feelings. Sometime in August, however, according to King's statement, a conversation occurred in reference to a sale of gold-dust said to have been made by Cohen, as broker for Adams & Co., to Page, Bacon & Co.; and the result was very great ill-feeling between the two men. Both were evidently very hot-tempered. On July 14, 1855, a few months after the failure of Page, Bacon & Co. and Adams & Co. and the extensive losses among all classes of the people caused thereby, and while very great excitement prevailed in reference to the frauds that were supposed to have been perpetrated in the management of the Adams & Co. affairs, King published a newspaper card to the effect that Woods had on more than one occasion, in his presence and the presence of others, said that Adams & Co. made a hundred thousand dollars a year out of sales of gold-dust to Page, Bacon & Co. But he added that he himself had not had the slightest idea, until within five or six days, of any improper means having been made use of by Woods to effect such sales, which he then charged had been the case. Three days afterwards King and Cohen met in front of Barrett & Sherwood's jewelry store on Montgomery Street; and after a few heated words in reference to King's card, an encounter took place between them in which neither was hurt, but Cohen considered himself insulted. Later on the same day, evidently taking that view of the subject, and yielding to the then prevalent opinion on the subject of dueling, Cohen sent King a challenge. The challenge was carried to King by John K. Hackett; and the next day King replied, by Letter to Hackett and through the newspapers, declining to fight and giving as his chief reasons his duty to his family and his opposition to dueling on moral grounds. At the same time King announced that while nothing could induce him to change his principles upon the subject of dueling, his conscience was perfectly easy as to the right and propriety of defending himself if he should be assaulted. This open refusal on the part of King to fight a duel, being the first instance in California in which a prominent man born south of Mason and Dixon's line had taken that stand, at once raised him much higher than he stood before in the estimation of those classes of the community who were opposed to dueling. Though southern men still adhered to the "code," as it was called, most Northern men were opposed to it. The general public sentiment of the community was violently opposed to it, as was indicated by the adoption of the provision of the constitution of 1849, which declared that no citizen, thereafter fighting a duel or sending or accepting a challenge or who should act as second or knowingly aid or assist in a duel, should be allowed to hold any office of profit or enjoy the right of suffrage, and the statutes of the legislature of 1850, making the same acts felony punishable by imprisonment in the state prison.

This 253-page book, published by Cassel in 1888, recounts the life story of a Jewish musician. The narrative likely details the musician's experiences within the Jewish community and broader society, exploring themes of identity, profession, and personal journey. The book offers insights into the life of a Jewish musician in the late 19th century, examining both their personal and professional challenges and triumphs.

Almanac - Manuscript......Luach....SIGNED ON FIRST PAGE..AVRAHAM SON OF ELEAZER KATZ (COHEN)..5539 (1778)..PHILADELPHIA....this is the author. Started in Philadelphia and finished in Lancaster. Writen for the year 1779 in 1778 See analysis below by Jonathan Sarna, he beleieves that the Almanac first passed to Jacob I. Cohen who the willed his library to his nephew Joshua I. Cohen upon his death. I can find no support for this theory...including the fact that this luach was not in Joshua I. Cohen inventory. Jonathan would agree with the conclusion that ABRAHAM ELEAZER COHEN was the author as follows: Dear Arny, Joshua Cohen's library was really begun by Jacob I. Cohen of Richmond who willed the books to his nephew upon his death. Interesting that Isacks kept family records in an Haggadah and not (as customary) in a Bible. (reference to a different item). Re the question of Abraham E. Cohen: this seems highly plausible. Cohen may have followed the Sephardic custom of taking his father's first name as his middle name (just like Mordecai Manuel Noah, whose father was Manuel). As a shamash, Cohen would certainly have needed a luach. If his father was rabbi, he probably had learned how to make one. According to both Wolf & Whiteman and Rosenbloom's BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY, there is an extant will for Abraham Eliezer Cohen. You might see if AJA has a copy, and if it sheds any light on the issue. Thanks so much for enriching our knowledge through your wonderful finds and purchases! Best from house to house -- Jonathan LISTS ALL THE READING PORTIONS; & OBSCURE HOLIDAYS..VERY LEARNED SIGNED ON SEPERATE PAGE "G. WETTZELL...LANCASTER; GERSHOM MENDES SEIXAS SERVED M.I AS THE HAZZAN DURING THE REV. Rabbi Mordechai Torczyner (Rabbi at Congregation Sons of Israel...Allentown) and his wife Caren did the scholarly interuputation. AS follows: The 1778-9 Luach Authorship A few notes on the author: 1. The author is learned enough to know the Jewish calendar well. He didn't transcribe his information from a more learned source - misspellings (Pages 1, 3, 4, 6, 8) indicate he is working from memory 2. He appears to be lacking certain information, presumably for lack of higher level sophistication. He includes the "Molad," the time when the moon enters its new phase, but he generally breaks it down into Hours and Minutes, omitting Chalakim. Only for Cheshvan (Page 2) does he include Chalakim (and there his number actually appears to be wrong - see Page 2 for elaboration). His interest in the Molad shows his religious observance, though, as does his recording of the Tekufah, the solstice. 3. He is observant, even to the point of keeping fast days (B"H"B) that were popular in Europe but are rarely observed in America. 4. A few nuances in the Luach might give away the writer's country of origin - I'll note these as we encounter them. See Page 2 Note 1 and Page 11 Note 3. Front Cover 1. Faint 1778 A.D. at top is clearly added later, likely by a Christian; Jews shied away from writing "AD" 2. The first bold line says "Luach 5539," and may be the work of the author 3. The next two lines say "of the year five thousand, five hundred, nine and thirty," in a cursive Hebrew font. I believe this is added by a different author - the cursive font is used throughout the Luach, and that handwriting doesn't match this one. Note: The cursive font is a direct transcription of text at the bottom of the page, which I will describe in Note 6 below. 4. There are two lines of block text running orthogonally on the left side of the page; these appear to be later additions. It appears to be a name, possibly "Shlomo son of Eliyahu" and then a last name. I suspect an unlearned writer, as he appears to have used a "final Mem" in the middle of Shlomo. 5. Three bold lines of block Hebrew text follow, and they appear to name the author. I believe they read: Avraham son of the honorable rabbi (Kvod haRav, Rav) Eliezer the righteous Kohen, may Gd protect him Philadelphia, Rosh Chodesh Tishrei Some comment is necessary here: On line 1, the last set of characters is clearly Kaf-Hei-Reish-Reish, a non-word. Jewish texts dating back at least to the 14th century used this set of characters as an acronym for "Kvod haRav, Rav" preceding the name of a great sage. Further, it was often used to identify a father - "X, son of Kvod haRav, Rav Y" On line 2, "the righteous Kohen" is denoted with a two-character acronym, "Kaf-Tzadi." That stands for Kohen Tzedek, or righteous Kohen. Jews named Katz are generally (but not universally!) Kohanim; they took the acronym as their last name. Also on line 2, "may Gd protect him" is also an acronym, "Yud-Tzadi-Vav" being a known acronym invoking Divine protection. There are many possible formulations for the words contracted therein; selecting one over another would be a matter of pure speculation until we knew more about the author's nationality. Line 3 is perplexing. Strictly speaking, there is no "Rosh Chodesh Tishrei" at all! Rosh Chodesh is the first of the month - and the first day of Tishrei is not identified as Rosh Chodesh, but rather as Rosh HaShanah! Further, a colonial Jew observant enough to care about a Luach would not have written it on Rosh haShanah, so what is the significance of the date? If he wants to show that this Luach is for the year, he should write 5539 - as he does on the next line! I can't understand what those words are doing there. It is clear that this is Abraham son of Eliezer, he is a Kohen, and he may well have been a teacher (more on this later under "Authorship") - I suggest you check the identity of the Abraham Eliezer Cohen of Philadelphia, and see if historians might have misidentified his name. The name on this Luach is unmistakable. 6. Following those three lines we are treated to two lines of a shorthand font known colloquially as "Rashi" script, as it was used to publish Rashi's 11th century commentaries to Torah, Prophets and Talmud. The words are "Five thousand, five hundred and nine and three." See Note 3 above and Note 3 regarding the inside front cover. 7. Below that we have someone apparently re-writing the name of the author in a blockier text. Most of the text is obscured, but the legible part on the scan says "Avraham son of the honorable rabbi" - like the top line in the center text above. I suspect this text was meant to be a copy of the text above. It could be the text of the author, though - the font matches that of the month names, appearing on each page in the Luach. 8.There is a set of three or four characters running perpendicular to the author's name, each time the author's name appears. The text is inked out in both places, and I can't make it out. Inside Front Cover 1. The four lines of text on the Inside cover seem to be have been designed around an interesting monogram. The monogram is clearly the frame of a Letter Aleph - compare a similar notation appearing twice on the inside back cover. I would have assumed it to be a doodle, perhaps even a monogram for the author of the Luach (whose name begins with Aleph), but it appears to be part of the text in the Inside cover - a text I believe to be later in origin. 2. The text, which is in a cursive font, reads: Rachel, wife of the distinguished man Yaakov son of Yehoshua Kohen, for Chupah And for good deeds, Amen This would seem to be a dedication to a recipient of the Luach, and the blessing of "Chupah and good deeds" are standard blessings for Jewish women. It is odd, though - If she isn't yet married then why is she the wife of the distinguished man? And if she is married then why bless her for Chupah? One possible speculation - Jewish marriage consists of two stages, Kiddushin and Nisuin. Kiddushin is the giving of the ring, and begins the marital bond, but the marital bond is not complete until Nisuin, which is the stage under the Chupah. A man and woman who have executed Kiddushin but not Nisuin are considered married - if they wish to separate, they need a religious bill of divorce. Historically, Jews conducted Kiddushin, then wait up to a year while the groom arranged his livelihood, then conclude Nisuin - and this could have been a wedding gift for Kiddushin. 3. This four line text is not that of the author - its cursive font does not match the cursive font he uses in the Luach itself. However, it does appear to match the cursive font on the cover. Perhaps the gift-giver penned the text on the front as a means of deciphering the "Rashi" font for the recipient? Page One 1. His format for the Luach is practically identical to the standard format used today - columns listing solar date, Hebrew date, day of the week, and special days and Torah readings. 2. Interesting - He identifies the Shabbat before Yom Kippur as "Shabbat Teshuvah." It is generally recognized to be "Shabbat Shuvah," so named because of its special "Shuvah" reading from the Prophets, but it is colloquially termed "Teshuvah," meaning "repentance," because of its proximity to Yom Kippur. 3. Note that in the left column he includes diagrams to indicate lunar phases 4. Misspelling - He writes "Hoshanah" with "Hei" at the end, and it should be an "Aleph." The pronounciation does not change. 5. Interesting graphic embellishments of "Bereishit" and "Rosh Chodesh" - the Rosh Chodesh curlicue continues in later months, too. 6. When he gets to the 30th day of the month - for this and all other 30-day months - he writes out the Letter Lamed as Lamed-Mem-Daled. Page Two 1. Worth noting - he calls the month by the colloquial name "Cheshvan," where many Jews would have called it by its technically correct name, "Marcheshvan." This may help indicate country of origin. 2. Note inclusion of dates for B"H"B fasts. 3. His Chalakim calculation must be wrong. There are 1080 Chalakim in an hour, and he says the Molad takes place in the 28th minute - but at 793 Chalakim! Page Three 1. Someone - not the author - wrote "Kislev", the name of the month, on the back of the preceding page. It's not the author - the author uses an odd spelling, including a Yud between the Lamed and the Vav. 2. I cannot decipher the note at the bottom of the left-most column. Page Four 1. He misspells the name of the Torah portion "Vaera," placing a Hei at the end instead of an Aleph 2. Text at the bottom left of the page is illegible; is there water damage? Looking at the back of the page, there does appear to be water damage. Page Six 1. The author originally misplaced the Fast of Esther, then crossed it out and put it in its proper place 2. The author mis-wrote "Esther," starting it with an Ayin. For an Ashkenazic Jew this won't change the pronounciation, though. Page Seven 1. Note special notation for the night of the search for Chametz (Bedikah) and the added column for the Omer Date Page Eight 1. Note the B"H"B dates appearing again 2. Misspells the Torah portion of Metzora, substituting a Hei for the Ayin that belongs there. For an Ashkenazic Jew this won't change the pronounciation, though. 3. The back of the previous page contains an inscription in English characters - it seems to say G Wertzel 1779. I don't know what this might have to do with the authorship of the book, or the identity of the gift-giver/recipient. See Page 11, Note 1. Page Eleven 1. The back of the previous page contains an inscription: G Wettsell Lancaster See Page 8, Note 3. 2. The author writes August as "Achustus," whereas the rest of his transliterations of English months are true to the American pronounciation. 3. The author links the Torah portion of Devarim with "Eichah (Lamentations)," but Eichah is not read on Shabbat, it's read on the Fast of the Ninth of Av, which is later that week. I do recall hearing that some communities historically read part of Eichah as the portion from the Prophets for the Shabbat of Devarim, and that might provide a clue as to the author's origins. Back Cover The back cover has a line of text that appears to be in English characters. It also features several Hebrew characters, apparently practice characters or doodles. It also features the first seven Letters traced out, and the first of them is a Letter Aleph that strongly resembles the Aleph "monogram" on the inside front cover. As per Prof. Jonathan Sarna (3/15/07)...Original message from "Jonathan D. Sarna" <sarna@brandeis.edu>: -------------- Dear Arnie, I have been studying your luach, thanks to some images that the AJA sent me. As you know, the name -- which seems to me to be in a different hand than the calendar -- is Rachel wife of Jacob son of Joshua. The only early American Jew I know who fits this description is Rachel Jacobs [Pollak], the second wife of Jacob I. Cohen (whose father was Joshua). Of course, they only married in 1807, so if I am right the inscription came later. As I recall, there is a listing [by Cyrus Adler] of the library of Jacob I. Cohen. It might be worth seeing if there is mention there of this luach. That would confirm my hunch that it comes from that collection. I do not own the! listin g of Cohen's library, but I bet that HUC does. Warm regards -- Jo! nathan< BR> To Arthur Kiron (1/10/2011), This is the information on Joseph Cohen (1745-1822) that I culled while researching Lewis Cohen (FYI, see Write up on Lewis Cohen below)….The Jews of Lancaster, Pa. by David Brener. It may shed some light on both my Luach and the documents in the Katz Library. Lewis Cohen's father was Joseph Cohen (1745-1822) who came to America in 1768 from Germany via England and clerked for the Gratz Brothers. In 1781 he returned to England and stayed until the 1790's. In 1798 he served as the shohet for Shearith Israel in NYC. By 1799, in Lancaster, Pa., he was listed in the house of Joseph Simon as "Household Rabbi ". He was listed in the 1791 Lancaster tax records as a shop keeper.… Joseph Cohen died in England (1822). Observations and areas of further research 1. Joseph Cohen's time period with Gratz Brothers would certainly coincide with the time period of the Luach 1777-1778. The Philadelphia then Lancaster sojourn during the Revolution fits 2.The author signs his name as Avraham Son of Eleazer Katz (Cohen)...5539 (1778)...Philadelphia a. Singerman does not list his father 3.He gave the Luach to Rachael with a blessing to an unmarried girl. a.He had a daughter Rachael (no details in Singerman) 4.Rachael Gratz (1764-1831) married Solomon Etting in 1791. His first wife was Reyna (Rachael) Simon in 1783…bingo!!! Was it Reyna (Rachael) Simon (1764-1790) who received the Luach????? Therefore do we point more in the direction of Reyna (Rachael) Simon?…she was 14 years old in 1778 and 18 at her Kiddushin in 1782 a.Rabbi Mordechai Torczyner (Rabbi at Congregation Sons of Israel...Allentown) and his wife Caren did the scholarly interpretation. He is quizzical as to why in the dedication starts with the blessing to a married woman but gives the blessing of "Chupah and good deeds" … standard blessings for Jewish women. i. He speculates…- If she isn't yet married then why is she the wife of the distinguished man? And if she is married then why bless her for Chupah? One possible speculation - Jewish marriage consists of two stages, Kiddushin and Nisuin. Kiddushin is the giving of the ring, and begins the marital bond, but the marital bond is not complete until Nisuin, which is the stage under the Chupah. A man and woman who have executed Kiddushin but not Nisuin are considered married - if they wish to separate, they need a religious bill of divorce. Historically, Jews conducted Kiddushin, then wait up to a year while the groom arranged his livelihood, then conclude Nisuin - and this could have been a wedding gift for Kiddushin. 1.If this is correct it could very well have been a wedding gift to Reyna (Rachael) Simon at her Kiddushin (1782). 5.The strong evidence as to the author still points to Abraham Eleazer Cohen given the signature 6. Given the later date on the Penn. Manuscripts at Penn. and "Etting" on one…possibly they are by Joseph Cohen 7. To do a. Can a scholar compare the manuscripts in the Katz Library for i. Hand writing ii. Similarities in Festivals/Holidays iii. Recheck, do we agree that the citation on the Luach in the Kaplan Collection is in fact "a blessing to an unmarried girl" 1. Any clue in the Hebrew as to the honored husband…could it be Solomon Etting? b. There is other Hebrew on the Luach (not Abraham Eleazer Cohen)…could that be Solomon Etting? Or on Joseph Cohen

This 16-page pamphlet, published in Frankfurt am Main by L. Bronner in 1882, reports on the establishment of the first Russian Jewish settlement in the United States, located in Catahoula Parish, Louisiana. The settlement, sponsored by the Hebrew Foreign Mission Society of New Orleans and the Hebrew Emigrant Aid Society of New York, was an agricultural colony at Sicily Island. The project ultimately failed after two years due to flooding from the Mississippi River. This German-language edition is rare; WorldCat lists only two copies worldwide, with none previously recorded in the United States. The collection also holds an English translation.

Book - Seu Biblia Hebraica ...The first Hebrew Bible printed in America with vocalized and cantillated text. "This is the first edition of the Hebrew Bible with points printed in America" (Rosenbach). It is considered "a fine piece of printing as well as a careful edition of the text" (Matityahu Tsevat, "A Retrospective of Isaac Leeser's Biblical Work," Essays in American Jewish History [Cincinnati: American Jewish Archives, 1958], 297-99). The volume contains a preface by Leeser in Latin. It was published 1849 Philadelphia Publisher Joannis W. Moore and Joannis Wiley. This copy is browned, few owners' marks. Later boards, rubbed. Thick 8vo. Goldman 9. Worldcat lists 6 copies in the USA and one in the British Library. After the ‘lean’ years which followed the Revolutionary War, in the early decades of the nineteenth century America was in the throes of a great religious revival. As part of its intellectual aspect, the study of the Hebrew language was renewed… Grammars, lexicons, and chrestomathies were published, as well as books on the Bible and the Holy Land. The Jewish community was wary of these activities because the same scholars and divines were also involved in missionary activity. The appearance of a work in the Hebrew language which bore approbation from both leading Christian clergymen and leading Jews marked the beginning of friendlier intellectual discourse” (Karp, Judaic Treasures of the Library of Congress, 291-292). The first American Bible published in Hebrew was produced in Philadelphia in 1814, based on the second edition of the Athias Bible and without vowel marks. This book was printed thirty five years later and was the first edition to contain vocalized and cantillated text (Rosenbach).

This is the first edition of "Biblical History for Israelite Schools," published in 1874 by Thalmessinger & Mendham, located at 387 & 389 Broadway. The book was authored by Dr. S. Adler and Emanuel Hecht and intended as a textbook for Jewish schools.

Billhead for the History Company, publishers of the Works of Hubert Howe Bancroft. The billhead is dated February 1, 1888 and addressed to Adolph Sutro, located at 109 Battery St., San Francisco. The bill details the transaction and amount paid. The billhead includes printed headers, a handwritten address, and an image of a building.

This ledger, spanning from November 20, 1859, to December 1860, documents the business transactions of Block & Levy Co., a general store in San Rafael, California. The nearly 200 pages record purchases of various goods, including whisky, clothing, shoes, food, and gunpowder, by residents of San Rafael and the surrounding area. The ledger is signed by Emanuel Block III and Samuel Levy on the frontispiece and includes entries by D. Block, Maurice L. Levy, and Philip Rothschild. It offers a unique glimpse into the economic life of early San Rafael and represents the earliest known account book of a Jewish store in the California Gold Fields.

This 32-page pamphlet from 1855 details the legal title to the Willington Estate, formerly owned by Simon Gratz. It includes a three-page extract from Simon Gratz's will (dated February 16, 1839), outlining the disposition of his 71-acre estate. The pamphlet also notes the acquisition of the Willington Estate by the Farmers and Mechanics Land and Building Association in 1852. This is a rare item, not indexed in OCLC prior to this cataloging effort, though two copies of an 1871 edition are known to exist.

This pamphlet, printed in Richmond, Virginia during the Civil War in 1864 by James E. Goode, contains the by-laws and membership roster of Richmond Lodge No. 10. The by-laws detail the rules and regulations governing the lodge, while the roster lists the officers, past masters, master masons, and members, including numerous individuals with Jewish names. This provides a glimpse into the social structure and membership of a Masonic lodge during the Confederacy, highlighting the presence and participation of Jews within the Richmond community.

This book contains the by-laws of Ahaveth Sholem Lodge No. 160, I.O.B.B. (Independent Order B'nai B'rith) in Corry, Pennsylvania, and the constitution of District Grand Lodge No. 3, I.O.B.B. Founded in 1871 by Meyer and Jacob Berliner, prominent Corry citizens involved in the fur trade, the lodge's regulations and the broader organizational structure of the Independent Order B'nai B'rith are detailed within. Published by Jones & Potsdamer in Philadelphia in 1873, this 68-page book offers insight into the structure and operations of a 19th-century Jewish fraternal organization.

This 14-page booklet contains the by-laws of the Maccabae Lodge No. 22, Order Kesher Shel Barzel, published in New York in 1873. The majority of the text is in German, with the final few lines in English. The booklet is bound in contemporary wrappers. This publication offers insight into the organizational structure and rules of this specific lodge within a larger fraternal order.

This Congressional Record excerpt from July 1, 1882, details the contributions of Captain Jonas Phillips Levy during the Mexican-American War, specifically his role in transporting troops to the Battle of Vera Cruz. It highlights his later involvement in Washington, D.C. Jewish life and his protracted legal claim against the Mexican government, dating back to the 1850s. The record also touches upon Levy's significant role in the response to a discriminatory Swiss-American trade treaty in 1850.

This is a catalogue of Hebrew books published in Vienna, for sale by Isidor Bush at 411 Grand Street, New York City. Published in 1849, it's notable as the first Jewish bookseller's catalogue published in the USA. Bush, the editor of the short-lived Jewish weekly *Israel's Herald*, is described in the catalogue as the editor of that publication. This catalogue is a significant historical marker in the development of Jewish publishing and bookselling in the United States.

This pamphlet is a catalogue listing the officers and students of Amherst College for the academic year 1836-1837. Published in Amherst, Massachusetts by J. S. & C. Adams, the catalogue provides a record of the college's community during that period. The catalogue includes at least one Jewish student.

This is a 1776 catalog of Harvard College, listing students from 1642 to 1776. Published in Boston by John Fleet, the catalog includes a handwritten annotation next to the name of Judah Monis, identifying him as the Hebrew professor. This catalog is significant because of the annotation referencing Judah Monis, America's first teacher of Hebrew, and his role at Harvard.

This 54-page pamphlet contains the transcript of the argument presented by Alfred A. Cohen in his defense against a lawsuit brought by the Central Pacific Railroad Company. The case, heard in the Twelfth District Court of San Francisco in 1876, involved a significant legal dispute stemming from Cohen's sale of the San Francisco and Alameda Railroad Company's line to the Central Pacific Railroad Company. The document provides insight into the legal proceedings and the complex business dealings of the late 19th century in San Francisco.

This book contains the charter and by-laws of Kahal Kadosh Mikveh Israel, a Jewish synagogue in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Published in 1824 by John Bioren, it represents the first printing of a charter and official incorporation of a Jewish synagogue in America. The book is a significant historical document, illustrating the early development of Jewish communities in the United States. This copy is an ex-library copy with stamps, and has contemporary wrappers (slightly chipped).

This book, the first American edition of John Francis's *Chronicles and Characters of the Stock Exchange*, offers a historical account of the London Stock Exchange and its prominent figures. Published in 1850, it includes mentions of prominent figures from the Rothschild and Goldsmid families, alongside other individuals of the Hebrew faith, illustrating the involvement of Jewish people in the financial world of the 19th century. A biographical sketch of the economist David Ricardo is featured on page 77.

This book contains the Code of Ethics adopted by the American Medical Association in May 1847. Printed privately for delegates attending the National Medical Convention in Philadelphia that year, it reflects the ethical standards and principles guiding medical practice at the time. Isaac Hays served as a committee member in the creation of this code.

This 9-page document is a communication from the Secretary of the Navy to the United States Congress, dated August 4, 1848. It was ordered to be printed to accompany Senate Bill No. 341 (30th Congress, 1st Session, Executive No. 66). The communication addresses the reorganization and downsizing of the Marine Corps following the Mexican-American War. It includes a discussion of the Marine Corps' value, particularly the Marine Guard's role in maintaining order aboard ships, and presents numerical data on the corps' structure from 1798 to 1848.

This three-page document from the Congressional Record details a decision on an act concerning the relief of Jonas Levy. Dated July 15, 1854, it addresses Levy's war claims against Mexico and mandates the submission of these claims as a bill. The document also includes references to further appeals in 1882, indicating ongoing efforts to resolve Levy's claims. The document includes reference to a Senate document from May 4, 1858, further detailing the Court of Claims' report on Levy's case against the United States.

This two-volume Congressional Record from May 20, 1824, contains documents and testimony related to land transactions in Florida, specifically focusing on claims by Moses Elias Levy. Pages 335-356 feature testimony involving F.S. Warburg, Joseph Simon Cohen, and Abraham Meyers Cohen. The record sheds light on early Florida land claims, settlements, and the involvement of these individuals in Levy's plans for a Jewish refuge in Florida. It also includes information on other land claims, Spanish decrees, and letters from surveyor Alexander Hamilton. American Imprints 22929; Servies 1203.

This pamphlet contains the constitution and by-laws of the United Hebrew Benevolent Association of Helena, Montana, printed in New York in 1885 by Thalmessinger & Mendham. It includes a list of the association's members. The document outlines the organization's rules, regulations, and objectives, providing insight into the structure and activities of a Jewish benevolent society in the American West during the 19th century.

This pamphlet contains the constitution and rules of the Female Hebrew Benevolent Society of Philadelphia, first printed in 1836. It includes a report on the society's activities, finances, and membership list. The society, founded in 1819, was a pioneering Jewish charitable organization in the United States, providing a model for similar societies in other communities. This particular printing was done by Lydia Bailey.

This book contains the constitution of the Independent Order B'nai B'rith, revised and amended at the General Convention held in New York City from March 1st to 6th, 1885. The text is presented in both German and English. The book was printed by order of the convention and was published in New York in 1885. It is noted for its rarity, with only one copy listed in Singerman 3322 and none found in OCLC.

Pamphlet containing the Constitution of the Numismatic Society of Philadelphia, published in 1865. Bound with this constitution are two 1867 papers by Henry Phillips Jr.: "Medicine & Astrology" and "The Pleasures of Numismatic Science." Also included is "A Historical Sketch of the National Medals" by Charles Henry Hart. Hart later served as a director of the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts and chairman of the committee on retrospective American art at the World's Columbian Exposition.

This pamphlet contains a corrected census report of Maryland submitted by Reuben Etting, United States Marshal for the District of Maryland, to President Thomas Jefferson on December 23, 1801. The report includes a transmittal letter from Etting. Etting's appointment to this federal position by Jefferson is noteworthy, as Maryland law at the time prohibited Jews from holding state office.

This 32-page pamphlet contains a collection of riddles associated with Cracker Jack, a popular brand of candy-coated popcorn and peanuts. Published around 1910 in Chicago, Illinois, it likely served as a promotional item or children's entertainment accompanying the snack. The riddles would engage children and promote the Cracker Jack brand.

This book, "Crochets and Quavers: Or Revelations of an Opera Manager in America," by Max Maretzek, offers a personal account of the author's experiences managing opera companies in the United States during the mid-19th century. Published in New York around 1855, the book comprises 346 pages plus advertisements and details Maretzek's involvement with prominent opera houses and companies, including his contributions to the early development of opera in New York City. The book covers a wide range of topics, including music in New York in 1848, the Astor Place Opera House, opera quarrels, the Astor Place Riots, New York fashions, New York critics and criticism, fancy dress balls, Mozart's Don Giovanni, Mexico, opera and bull fights, and Mexican revolutions.

This book, "Cunningham's Infidelity Portrayed," is from 1836 and bears the booksellers' tag of Samuel Hart, Sr., of Charleston, South Carolina. Samuel Hart, Sr., was president of Shearith Israel in 1846.

CONTINENTAL CURRENCY - South Carolina November 15, 1775 15s PMG Choice Fine 15 Net..."We last sold this note in 2002; over two decades ago. Our description at the time is still completely appropriate: "This is one of the best-looking examples we've seen of this issue and denomination, and the note has considerable added importance as it bears the bold signature of F. Salvador as one of the three signers. Francis Salvador was the first person of the Jewish faith to be elected to public office in America, when he was elected to the Provincial Congress of South Carolina in 1774. According to Newman, he was the first soldier of the Jewish faith to be killed in combat in the American Revolution. Our understanding of the same story was that George Washington had personally requested that he meet with the local Indians in an effort to make a peace treaty with them. While on this mission, he was killed by the Indians. This is the finest Salvador signature that we can recall seeing, and his signature is one of the most highly prized and elusive of all Jewish-American historical figures." The note faces up very nicely, with PMG noting a restoration that has repaired two splits and a centerfold." The historic tract of land known as "Jew's Land" was established in 1755 when Joseph Salvador, a wealthy Sephardic Jewish merchant from London, purchased 100,000 acres in the remote Ninety-Six District of South Carolina. Salvador and his business partners originally envisioned the massive backcountry property as a structured agricultural sanctuary where impoverished European Jews, facing severe legal and social restrictions at home, could achieve financial self-sufficiency. However, this grand humanitarian plan was derailed when the catastrophic 1755 Lisbon earthquake and subsequent British East India Company failures decimated the Salvador family's European fortune, forcing them to treat the frontier wilderness as a critical financial life raft rather than a philanthropic colony. To monetize the investment, the family began subdividing the tract, which paved the way for Joseph's nephew, Francis Salvador, to immigrate to South Carolina in 1773 and claim 7,000 acres of the land along Coronaca Creek. There, Francis established a highly successful indigo plantation utilizing the labor of approximately thirty enslaved people. This agricultural venture aligned with the broader rise of the colony's indigo industry, heavily championed by Moses Lindo, a fellow Jewish merchant who served as South Carolina's Inspector-General of Indigo. Because of its location in the highly fractured backcountry, "Jew's Land" quickly became a focal point of geopolitical tension during the American Revolution. It was on this very plantation that Francis Salvador learned of British-allied Cherokee attacks on July 1, 1776, prompting his historic 30-mile ride to rally the local Patriot militia before he was ultimately ambushed and killed exactly one month later. Following the Revolutionary War and Francis's tragic death, the vast estate slipped from the family's control and became embroiled in decades of legal turmoil. Because the original property titles belonged to British-based heirs, local frontier settlers began squatting on the land, triggering landmark real estate lawsuits in the Abbeville District courts during the early 1800s that helped launch the careers of prominent Southern lawyers like future Vice President John C. Calhoun. Despite these ownership shifts, the name "Jew's Land" remained a fixture of local identity for generations, frequently appearing in 19th- and 20th-century property deeds, estate sales, and local obituaries. Today, while the original plantations have dissolved into the modern landscapes of Greenwood and Abbeville counties, the legacy of this pioneering settlement is preserved through historical archives and the nearby Ninety Six National Historic Site. In July 1776, Salvador earned the nickname "Southern Paul Revere" when he rode over 30 miles to warn militia units in the backcountry of South Carolina of an Indian attack. Over a month later, Salvador led a group of militiamen towards the Keowee River, where British and Native Americans were camped and were ambushed by the group on August 1st, 1776. During the fight, Salvador was wounded and scalped by the Native American soldiers, and he died of his wounds. He was 29 years old at the time of his death. Note: he was listed as a subscriber for First Siddur Translated into English for Jews of England,London, 1770

This is a program from the dedication ceremony of Congregation Beth El Emeth in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on September 3, 1857. The program includes an address delivered by Reverend Solomon Jacobs. Congregation Beth El Emeth was formed by a group of pro-Isaac Leeser members of Mikvah Israel, primarily to provide Leeser with a pulpit after his retirement from Mikvah Israel. This program is significant as it documents the establishment of a new synagogue and the role of key figures in 19th-century American Judaism.

This book is a reprint of a lecture given in Berlin in January 1869, by Hermann Cohen, on the cultural and historical significance of the Sabbath. Published in Milwaukee, Wisconsin in 1881, likely by Der Zeitgeist, it features a preface and an advertisement page. The text is in German.

This book, published around 1873, features steel engravings of Jerusalem, ancient and modern, by the American Palestine Exploration Society. Joseph Seligman of New York City was a member of the society. The book combines descriptive text with detailed key plates of the engravings.

This manuscript account book documents the history of Shiloh Lodge No. 17 of the Independent Order of B'nai B'rith (U.O.B.B.) in Albany, New York, from 1853 to 1876. Written entirely in German, the book details the lodge's organization, membership, finances, charitable activities, and includes obituaries, notably a lengthy tribute to Abraham Lincoln in 1865. This manuscript offers a rare glimpse into the early development of the B'nai B'rith movement in the United States.

This dissertation, written in Latin with Hebrew passages, explores the Sadducees, a Jewish sect. It examines their beliefs and practices, drawing on Talmudic stories and comparing their views with those of Maimonides (Rambam). The work also investigates the relationship between the Sadducees and early Christianity. It is dated circa 1680 based on the library's assessment.

This book, published in Zhitomir, Ukraine in 1869, is a Hebrew-language account of the discovery of America. It is a rare work with only five known copies listed in the OYCL, four of which are located in the USA. This copy has been reviewed by Dr. Kiron, confirming its completeness and superior condition to a copy owned by Harvard University.

This is Doggett's New York City Directory for the years 1846-47. A significant feature of this directory is its listing of eight synagogues and a burial ground in New York City on page 36 of the appendix. The directory provides a valuable resource with names, occupations, and addresses of New York City residents during this period, offering insights into the city's demographics and the Jewish community's presence.

This 290-page handwritten journal documents the medical practice of Dr. Samuel Hazen in Euclid, Ohio, from 1852 to 1862. It meticulously records patient visits, services rendered (including house calls and medicine provision), and fees collected. While specific ailments are rarely detailed (except for tooth extractions), the journal offers valuable insights into the daily life of a 19th-century physician and the medical needs of his community, including some Jewish families. The book includes a table of contents listing patients' names. The detached cover and loose pages indicate significant physical deterioration, but the content remains legible.

This three-volume work, bound as one, recounts Israel Joseph Benjamin's travels and observations of Jewish life in North America from 1859 to 1862. Benjamin's journey took him from San Francisco to the Pacific Northwest, and back east via Salt Lake City and St. Louis. The book includes descriptions of his experiences and his analysis of the condition of Jewish communities he encountered, as well as a significant section on his observations of the Mormon community.

This book, "Echoes of the Universe," was authored by Rev. Henry Christmas and published by A. Hart, the successor to Carey & Hart, a prominent Philadelphia publishing house. The book's cover is of pressed cloth, featuring the initials "A H" in its design. The publication represents a significant transition in the ownership of this well-known publishing house which had been known for its publication of Jewish authors and works. A. Hart's name is displayed in gold lettering on the cover.

Published by the Central Conference of American Rabbis (CCAR) in 1916, this Jewish prayer book was distributed to Jewish soldiers serving on the U.S.-Mexico border during the Mexican Revolution. This specific copy was presented to John Honigman of Co. F, 5th Maryland Infantry, at Eagle Pass, Texas, on Rosh Hashanah 1916, as indicated by a dedication plate. The book contains 146 pages and is designed for field use. This edition is rare, with only a handful of copies known to exist.

First edition of Francis J. Grund's textbook on natural philosophy, published in Boston by Carter & Hender in 1832. This 12mo volume features contemporary full sheep binding, gilt title on a morocco spine label, text illustrations, and early ownership signatures, including that of American artist Bernarda Bryson Shahn. The book includes practical exercises suitable for school use.

This pamphlet, published in New York in 1823 by D.A. Borrenstein, reprints William Harris's *Elements of the Chaldee Language*. Intended as a supplement to Hebrew grammars, it serves as a general introduction to Aramaic dialects. This publication is one of the earliest imprints of David Aaron Borrenstein, a printer who initially worked in London before relocating to New York and later New Jersey.

This is the first American edition of Gregory's "Elements of the Theory and Practice of Physic," published in New York in 1830. This edition includes notes by Daniel L. M. Peixotto, a prominent New York City physician and pioneer in preventative medicine. The book is a comprehensive text on medical theory and practice, adapted from the third London edition.

This book, presented by Henry Samuel Morais to Miss J. P. Pesoa on May 7, 1880, profiles prominent Jewish figures of the 19th century. The book offers biographical sketches and likely includes portraits or illustrations of these individuals. Further details on the book's specific contents are needed to provide a more comprehensive description.

First American Judaic textbook for teachers and students. Published in Cincinnati, Ohio in 1883 by H. Abrabanel. Contains over 100 selected articles on history, biography, and narratives related to Judaism.

Book: "Epitome of Post-Biblical History for Jewish-American Sabbath Schools." Adapted from the German of Dr. David Leimdoerfer, and considerably enlarged. Published by the Bloch Pub. & Printing. Signed by owner Bertha Schwarz. 472 Central Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio. 1888.

This book, published in Paramaribo in 1788, provides a historical essay on the colony of Surinam. Authored by David Cohen Nassy, it details the colony's founding, revolutions, and progress from its origins to the time of publication. The work includes a description of the colony, its annual revenues, expenses, and taxes, along with civil and political aspects. Furthermore, it features a tableau of the morals of its inhabitants and a history of the Portuguese and German Jewish communities established there. The book is written in French.

This 18-page pamphlet, published in Savannah, Georgia in 1867, contains a eulogy delivered by Solomon Cohen on the life and character of Bishop Stephen Elliott, D.D., the Episcopal Bishop of Georgia and President of the Georgia Historical Society. Cohen, a prominent member of Savannah's Jewish community, offers a biographical sketch of Elliott, highlighting his leadership of the Diocese of Georgia through the Civil War and its reunification afterward. The eulogy provides insights into both Elliott's life and the complexities of the post-Civil War South.

This 36-page pamphlet details the examination of W.G. Kendall, the former postmaster of New Orleans, before a U.S. Commissioner. Kendall faced accusations of embezzling $600 from a letter containing bank notes. The pamphlet includes the testimony of witnesses, their cross-examination by Judah P. Benjamin (who served as Kendall's lawyer), and the arguments presented by counsel. Published in New Orleans by the Daily Delta Steam Press in 1855, this document offers a detailed account of the legal proceedings and provides insights into the legal practices and judicial system of the time. The pamphlet notes that following Benjamin's argument, the audience burst into applause. Kendall was later tried in criminal court and acquitted, subsequently leaving the country for Mexico.

This book excerpt consists of two leaves (printed on both sides) from a larger act, printed in Portsmouth, New Hampshire in 1771. The act concerns the establishment of non-denominational oaths of office for British colonial governors and justices, eliminating the requirement for explicitly Christian wording. This reflects a shift towards religious tolerance in colonial administration. The excerpt is significant for its implications on the changing relationship between religious practice and legal office in the British colonies and its relationship to the increasing commercial and imperial power of Great Britain.

This pamphlet is an 1894 reprint of an article from the American Jewish Historical Society (AJHS) detailing the family history of David Mendez Machado. Authored by N. Taylor Phillips, the pamphlet provides genealogical information and biographical details about Machado and his family, tracing their lineage and contributions to American Jewish life. The reprint was likely undertaken to disseminate this historical account to a wider audience.

This book contains ten sermons delivered during a period of national crisis in the early months of 1861, following Abraham Lincoln's election and the secession of South Carolina but before the attack on Fort Sumter. The sermons represent diverse viewpoints on the issues of slavery and national unity, with contributions from clergymen in both the soon-to-be Confederate States and Union States. Notably, the collection includes the controversial sermon "Bible View of Slavery" by Morris Jacob Raphall, offering a pro-slavery interpretation of scripture. Other prominent contributors include James Henley Thornwell, Benjamin Morgan Palmer, Robert Lewis Dabney, Robert Jefferson Breckinridge, Henry Jackson Van Dyke, and Thomas Lewis. The compilation provides a valuable snapshot of religious and political thought during a pivotal moment in American history.

This eleven-page manuscript document contains field notes detailing the northern boundary of Henry Drinker's Mishappen tract of land in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania. The notes, dated September 28, 1803, were recorded by Jacob Hart in his capacity as prothonotary. The document includes landmarks such as Wyalusing Creek, the Buttonwood corner, and various named individuals' properties, indicating a survey of the land boundaries. The handwriting is legible ink.

This is the first report and catalogue of the Arkansas Industrial University (later the University of Arkansas), published in Little Rock in 1873. The report, compiled by Secretary M. A. Cohn, details the university's establishment, curriculum, and early activities. A presentation slip from Cohn is tipped in before the catalogue.

This book contains the order of service for the dedication of the new Shearith Israel Synagogue on West 19th Street, near Fifth Avenue, in New York City, on September 12, 1860. The service, which commemorated the 206th anniversary of the arrival of the first Jews in New Amsterdam, included seven circuits of the Torah with accompanying Psalms, a discourse by Rev. A. Fischell, and a consecration prayer by Rev. J. J. Lyons. The Hebrew and English texts are presented on facing pages. The book was printed by John M. Jackson in New York. This copy is from the library of Rabbi Dr. David de Sola Pool.

This pamphlet contains the fourth annual report of the Jewish Hospital Association of Philadelphia, published in 1869. The report details the hospital's activities, finances, and patient care during that year. It likely includes statistics on the number of patients treated, the hospital's financial status, and possibly a list of officers and board members. The report offers insight into the early years of the Jewish Hospital Association and the state of healthcare for the Jewish community in Philadelphia during the late 19th century.

This 1911 pamphlet is a reprint of Publication No. 20 from the American Jewish Historical Society. It focuses on Francisco de Faria, an American Jew, and his connection to the Popish Plot of the late 17th century. The original 1680 printed document is referenced, and this reprint offers a historical perspective on de Faria's involvement in this significant historical event.

This receipt book, maintained by Frederick Schenkel of Philadelphia between January 5, 1760, and January 25, 1810, documents transactions primarily involving the purchase of deer skins from Jewish merchants. The book contains 23 entries detailing sales between 1763 and 1776, with a notable gap during the British occupation of Philadelphia. The entries showcase the business dealings of prominent figures such as Bernard and Michael Gratz, Alexander Abraham, Ephraim Abraham, and Moses Etting. The volume provides a glimpse into the economic activities of Jewish merchants in Philadelphia and their involvement in the fur trade before transitioning to land and financial dealings after the Revolutionary War.

This book, self-published in New York in 1830, provides a detailed account of the French Revolution of 1830 and its commemoration in New York City on November 25th, 1830. Authored by Myer Moses, the book comprises 255 pages dedicated to the French Revolution and another 151 pages detailing the New York celebration. The book is noteworthy for its first-hand perspective on the event and the author's role in the commemorative activities. This first edition is a rare item.

Published in London in 1753, this 100-page book, in the form of a letter from an anonymous merchant ('Philo-Patriae') to a friend, argues in favor of the Jewish Naturalization Act passed in Great Britain. Written in response to the intense anti-semitism that followed the Act's passage, the author defends the moral character of Jews and refutes claims that they posed an economic threat to native Britons. The book examines the status of Jews in other European countries and offers a reasoned counterpoint to the anti-Semitic sentiments that ultimately led to the Act's repeal in 1754. This copy is bound in contemporary boards and is in very good to near fine condition.

Published in London in 1753 by R. Baldwin, this 100-page book, written as a letter from an anonymous merchant, "Philo-Patriae," to a friend in the country, argues in favor of the recently passed Jewish Naturalization Act. The author counters antisemitic arguments prevalent at the time, emphasizing the morality of Jewish people and refuting claims about economic competition. The book provides context on the state of Jewish people in other European countries. This publication is significant for its attempt to influence public opinion amidst widespread antisemitism that led to the Act's repeal the following year. The book is bound in contemporary boards and is in very good condition.

This is a reprint of an article from an American newspaper, detailing the ceremonies dedicating Grand Island on the Niagara River as 'Ararat,' a city of refuge for Jews in September 1825. This reprint appeared in the *Imperial Magazine*, Volume IX, March 1827, pages 298-299.

This book, published by ASSU in 1834, is the first American edition of a Christian adaptation of the Megillah story. The title page lists an address of 134 Chestnut Street, and notes that it was first published in England in 1780.

This is the first American edition of Laurence Oliphant's *Haifa: Or Life in Modern Palestine*, published by Harper & Brothers in New York in 1887. Edited by Charles A. Dana from letters Oliphant sent to him, the book recounts Oliphant's 1879 travels to Palestine and his involvement in efforts to promote Jewish immigration. The book contains 369 pages and includes six pages of publisher's advertisements at the end.

This book, published in 1824, details Thomas Hallworth's method for learning and teaching history, with a specific application to the history of the Jews and the Ten Tribes as described in the Bible. The book includes historical and chronological knowledge extensively applied to sacred history. This particular copy belonged to Daniel Gilbert Fowler Fanshaw and later his sister, Elizabeth Ann Fanshaw, children of New York book seller and publisher Daniel Fanshaw. Their signatures and the date April 17, 1824 are present in the book.

This book contains the 1892 Hilbert Lectures on the origin and growth of religion, focusing on the ancient Hebrews. The lectures were instrumental in the founding of the Liberal Jewish Union of England in 1902. This particular copy is inscribed.

This book, published in 1843 by Sherman Day, presents a comprehensive collection of historical facts, traditions, biographical sketches, anecdotes, and topographical descriptions related to Pennsylvania's history and antiquities. It includes both general and local history, covering every county and major town in the state. The book is richly illustrated with 165 engravings.

This 1853 Cincinnati edition of Adolphus M. Hart's *History of the Mississippi Valley* offers an account of French discovery and colonization west of the Alleghenies up to 1748, concluding with the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle. It expands slightly on the content of the 1852 St. Louis first edition. Adolphus M. Hart was a prominent lawyer, son of Ezekiel Hart, and father of Gerald E. Hart, author of *The Fall of New France*.

Hardcover book in original cloth binding. Published in Cincinnati by Moore, Anderson, Wilstach & Keys in 1853. This edition is an enlargement of the author's 1852 work, "History of the discovery of the valley of the Mississippi", extending the narrative beyond 1748. The book contains 286 pages.

This 44-page legal brief, from 1877, details the case of Cohen, Alfred A. et al. in the District Court of the Fifteenth Judicial District of California. The case, known as the Alameda's Famous Land Case trial, involved a dispute concerning land ownership and is notable for its involvement of Alfred A. Cohen. The brief includes hand-corrections throughout, and the document has a tipped-in opinion of the Court by Judge Dwinelle. The original cover is missing and the document is housed in a worn cardboard case.

This is the first edition of Aaron Hart David's inaugural dissertation on medico-legal proofs of infanticide, submitted to the Medical Faculty of the University of Edinburgh in 1835. The dissertation, published by Neill & Company, Edinburgh, examines the medical and legal aspects of determining infanticide. It reflects the state of medical knowledge and legal practice in 19th-century Scotland and offers insights into the challenges of investigating and prosecuting cases of infanticide. This copy is bound in brown calf leather and shows some signs of wear consistent with its age.

Invitation and ticket to a lecture by Isaac Leeser titled "On the past History and Future Prospects of Israel," held at Sansom Street Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on May 12, 1858. The invitation, printed on thin blue paper, includes details about the lecture time (8:00 PM) and ticket price (50 cents), with instructions to purchase tickets from D. H. Solis at 622 Arch Street. A separate ticket is printed on green stock.

This is a first edition copy of Gotthard Deutsch's play, *Israel Bruna*, published by R.G. Badger in Boston in 1908. The play is a five-act tragedy based on the life of a 15th-century Jew, Israel Bruna ben Hayyim, from Brunn (Brno), Czech Republic. This particular copy is notable for its provenance: it was inscribed by the author to Kaufman Kohler in September 1908, and later owned by Solomon B. Freehof. The bookplate of Leonard Levy is also present.

This leather-bound receipt book, owned by Jacob Banta, documents financial transactions in New York City between 1771 and September 1779, a period that includes the British occupation. The book contains at least twenty-nine receipts signed by Jewish brokers, including Barrak Hays, Jacob De Costa, Solomon Myers Cohen, A. Barrett, Hyman Myers, Philip Rhinelander, Moses Isaacs, Manuel Myer, Abraham De Rivera, and John Myers (?). A notable entry is a receipt dated October 1779 for a red cow, signed by 'Nat'l Swain, commander light dragoon'.

This is a pocket-sized almanac published in Amsterdam in 1837, designed for use by Dutch Jewish merchants traveling internationally. The almanac is in Dutch, with months, holidays, and festivals listed in Hebrew transliterated into Latin script. It includes lists of Dutch synagogues and rabbis, a chronicle of Jewish history (including the Spanish Expulsion and the establishment of Jewish communities in England, Surinam, and Holland), biographies of notable figures such as Moses Mendelssohn, information on the princes and princesses of the House of Orange-Nassau, essays, and practical travel information.

This is a pocket-sized Jewish Almanac published in Amsterdam in 1838. Intended for Dutch Jewish merchants traveling internationally, it contains information in Dutch, with holidays, festivals, and Torah portions transliterated into Latin script. Hebrew is also used for some text. The Almanac also includes lists of Dutch synagogues and rabbis, historical chronicles (including the Spanish Expulsion and the establishment of Jewish communities in England, Surinam, and Holland), biographies of princes and princesses of the House of Orange-Nassau, essays, and practical travel information.

This book, published by the Jewish Publication Society of America (JPSA) around 1898, offers a comprehensive overview of Jewish life during the Middle Ages. The book's content delves into various aspects of Jewish society, culture, and religious practices during this historical period. Specific details regarding the book's exact content and scope are limited without further examination of the volume itself.

This pamphlet is a reprint of an article from the American Jewish Historical Society (AJHS) publication, number 22, published in 1914. The article focuses on the life and work of Judah Monis, the first instructor of Hebrew at Harvard University. The author, Lee M. Friedman, meticulously details Monis's biography, exploring his intellectual contributions, religious background, and his unique position in early American higher education. This reprint likely served to disseminate information about Monis's significant role in the history of both Jewish life in America and the evolution of academic studies in the United States.

This book is Part III of Katzenberg's Biblical History for Home and School, covering the period from the death of Moses to the last of the Judges. Published by Bloch Publishing Company, likely around 1913, it is part of a larger series designed for home and school use. This particular copy shows ownership markings, indicating previous use.

This book is Part V of Katzenberg's Biblical History for Home and School, focusing on the period of the Divided Kingdom in Jewish history. Published by the Bloch Publishing Company, circa 1914, it is likely a children's or educational text aimed at teaching biblical history within a home or school setting. The book's specific content and pedagogical approach are not fully evident from the available metadata but are indicated by the title.

This is the December 1853 issue of the Kentucky Medical Recorder, a 31-page medical periodical published in Louisville, Kentucky. This issue contains a two-page article on the purported medical benefits of Wolfe's (Udolpho) Aromatic Schiedam Schnapps, a gin. The front cover also features an advertisement for the treatment of bladder stones via lithotrity by Dr. B. I. Raphael, who later represented the Jewish Hospital of NYC at the 17th Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association in 1866.

This ledger, dating from approximately 1870-1899, belonged to B. Milgram of Brooklyn, New York. It documents the accounts of a small business, primarily listing names of clients and the amounts they owed. Most entries are in Hebrew, using a late East European Ashkenazic cursive script, with some Yiddish terms and a few names in English. The ledger is bound in its original brown leather binding with pockets and ink blotters intact. The names of Kurland, Shenker, Erlich, Slutsker, and Moseiwitch appear among the entries. The amounts are largely in cents.

Ledger -This highly important ledger of David Salisbury Franks covers his commercial activities (6/6/1774 to 2/8/1776) while he resided in Montreal, Canada. It bears witness to his place in American History as the first Jew involved in protests for increased religious freedom in the new World. This protest was the catalyst for his joining the Colonial cause. The ledger contains his expenses while being jailed for his involvement (page 64, entry 4th from bottom, July 1775). There are over 107 pages of transactions plus 30 blank pages. From Dr. Arthur Kiron (U of P)... Hi Arny - I had a nice conversation with Carmine Valentino this evening. He confirmed that the identification of the Ledger as belonging to Franks is not internal to the manuscript. He (Carmine) pieced it together from a number of sources, discovering, for example, the mentioning of the imprisonment, reading about Montreal Jews in the 18th century, identifying many of the names in the ledger as Jewish, finding the story about Franks' imprisonment in a book on Canadian Jewry and linking the sources - internal and external - together to form a conclusive identification, also based on comparison with contemporary letters of Franks for a handwriting analysis. HISTORY....David Salisbury Franks played a prominent role in the protests against the Quebec Act of 1774, a stance that ultimately drove him to join the American revolutionary cause. As a successful Jewish merchant and the president of Montreal's Shearith Israel Congregation, his opposition stemmed from both political grievances and civil rights concerns. His involvement manifested through formal political petitioning, public confrontation, and a subsequent arrest that fully radicalized him against the British Crown. Franks expressed his opposition directly by signing official petitions demanding the repeal of the Quebec Act. He was one of only nine Jewish merchants among 91 Montreal "old subjects"-the English-speaking, non-French residents-who attached their names to these documents. Franks openly criticized King George III over the legislation because, while the Act restored French civil law and granted religious freedom to the Catholic majority, it entirely failed to recognize or protect the civic rights of Jewish residents, effectively diminishing their political standing. His resistance moved from paper to public confrontation following a notorious act of vandalism on May 2, 1775, when a public bust of King George III in Montreal was found defaced with a derogatory message comparing the King to the Pope. During a town gathering regarding the incident, a French-Canadian loyalist named François-Marie Picoté de Belestre loudly declared that the perpetrators deserved to be hanged. Franks openly clashed with Belestre, arguing that hanging was an absurdly harsh punishment for such a minor offense. The disagreement quickly escalated into a physical fight between the two men. This altercation led to his immediate arrest and radicalization. British authorities jailed Franks for roughly two weeks in Montreal for "sedition" and his suspected "attachment to the Cause of America." The rigorous imprisonment served as a final catalyst for his political shift. Upon his release, Franks completely abandoned his allegiance to the British Crown, and when the Continental Army invaded Canada later in 1775, he officially joined the Patriots. David Salisbury Franks achieved the rank of Lieutenant Colonel in the Continental Army and later pivoted to diplomacy, serving directly under Thomas Jefferson during the critical post-war transition. Despite his unwavering patriotism, his military legacy and diplomatic ambitions were permanently shadowed by his close association with America's most infamous traitor. His transition from combat officer to high-level diplomatic courier highlighted both his unique linguistic talents and the persistent political challenges he faced due to wartime scandals. Franks' military career began during the Canadian Campaign of 1775-1776, immediately following his arrest by the British in Montreal. Utilizing his wealth and connections as a successful merchant, he was appointed paymaster to the American garrison by General David Wooster and personally advanced large loans to support the Patriot troops. When the Americans were forced to retreat from Canada, Franks fled with them to escape British retribution. He subsequently joined the main Continental Army in Albany and saw active combat during the pivotal Battle of Saratoga. Because he was fluent in French, he was later assigned as a crucial liaison officer to the Comte d'Estaing, the commander of the French naval forces assisting the American cause. In 1778, Franks was promoted to Major and appointed as aide-de-camp to General Benedict Arnold, who was then serving as the military governor of Philadelphia. He continued in this trusted role when Arnold took command of the strategic fortification at West Point. When Arnold's plot to surrender West Point to the British was exposed in September 1780, Franks fell under heavy suspicion of complicity. Devastated by the betrayal, Franks demanded an official military court-martial to clear his name. The court completely exonerated him of all charges, and George Washington subsequently promoted him to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel. However, the stigma of working so closely with Arnold-coupled with the fact that his uncle was a known British Loyalist-permanently tainted his reputation among the public and altered his career path. Recognizing his linguistic talents and seeking a way to restore his public standing, the Continental Congress transitioned Franks into the newly forming diplomatic corps, where he became an intimate aide to Thomas Jefferson. While the treason scandal made it incredibly difficult for Franks to secure domestic government jobs, Jefferson trusted his loyalty and hired him as his personal secretary. Franks served in this high-level assistant capacity for nearly a year while Congress sat in Annapolis, Maryland. In early 1784, when Congress ratified the Treaty of Paris to officially end the Revolutionary War, Jefferson entrusted his secretary with the historic task of hand-delivering the official ratified copies across the Atlantic to Benjamin Franklin in Paris and John Jay in Madrid. Following the successful delivery of the treaty, and with the political backing of Jefferson and Robert Livingston, Franks was appointed U.S. Vice-Consul at Marseilles, France, in September 1784. Two years later, he served as a confidential envoy in the delicate peace and trade negotiations with the Emperor of Morocco, helping to secure a treaty to protect American shipping from Barbary pirates. Despite these diplomatic successes, political rivals launched continuous attacks on his character, repeatedly using his past ties to Benedict Arnold to undermine him. This pressure ultimately forced his removal from the diplomatic corps in late 1786. Franks returned to America penniless but remained respected by Washington, who later granted him 400 acres of land for his wartime sacrifices

Two handwritten letters from David Lowry Swain to Dr. J. J. Cohen, dated November 18, 1865, and April 17, 1860, written from Swain's home in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. The letters discuss Swain's collection of historical artifacts, including Confederate currency and documents, and his research on autographs and currency. Swain's tiny handwriting makes the letters difficult to read.

This 1869 book is an abridged reprint of letters originally written by Benjamin Dias Fernandez in 1740 on the evidences of Christianity. The letters were first published in 1854 by Isaac Leeser and this abridged version was published by Bloch & Co. in Cincinnati, Ohio.

This 1794 volume, printed by J. Harrisson for B. Gomez in New York, represents the first book published in the United States by a Jewish publisher. It contains two works: Joseph Priestley's five letters to the Jews and David Levi's two replies. The volume signifies a significant milestone in American Jewish publishing history, showcasing the engagement of Jewish intellectuals with contemporary theological debates. The book is a first American edition, comprising 131 pages and measuring 17cm. It is bound in original period leather.

This book is a copy of Valentine's Manual of the Corporation of the City of New York. The flyleaf contains a full-page inscription from Uriah H. Judah to Dr. Simeon Abrahams, describing Abrahams as a scholar, physician, and Israelite. The inscription notes that the book was a gift from Valentine, a friend of Judah's. The book is dated approximately 1855 based on the inscription.

Manuscript Ledger - This is an important business 10" x 14"journal with 404 pages of business activity during the American revolution. Its entries range from prize ships , ship partnerships, arming privateers, to discounting a note from Benjamin Franklin as minister to France. The list of merchants reads like a who's who of the Colonial Philadelphia mercantile class, including Hym Solomon and numerous other Jewish merchants.....in total 25 entries. Oddly enough Robert Morris's name is noticeably absent from the transactions...could this be his ledger? There are numerous Jewish merchant transactions... Michael Gratz(1), Isaac Moses(6), Levy Marks(1), Benjamin, Sexias(3), Simon H. Nathan(1), Abraham Levy & Son(1), Ezekiel Levy(3), Moses Cohen(1)...in addition to 8 for HAYM SALOMONS that include a partnership on a ship. The ledger starts in 1775, stops during the British occupation of Philadelphia and ends in 1784.

This book, printed in Philadelphia in 1890, commemorates the life and contributions of Isidore Binswanger (1820-1890), a prominent figure in Philadelphia's Jewish community and a successful businessman. It details his significant involvement in various Jewish institutions and charitable organizations, including his role in founding the Jewish Hospital (1865) and Maimonides College, and his association with Rabbi Isaac Leeser.

This 1650 edition of Menasseh Ben Israel's *Mikveh Yisrael* (Hope of Israel), printed in Ladino (Judeo-Spanish) by Semuel ben Israel Soeiro in Amsterdam, is a seminal work arguing that the Lost Tribes of Israel are to be found in the Americas. The book prominently features the account of Aharon Levi (Antonio de Montezinos), who describes encountering South American Indians—descendants of the tribes of Reuben and Levi—who maintained ancient Jewish practices. This work's popularity led to translations in Dutch, Latin, Hebrew, Yiddish, and English, significantly influencing the readmission of Jews to England in 1655.

This is the second edition of Miller's Planters' and Merchants' Almanac, published in Charleston, South Carolina in 1828 for use in 1829. Calculated by Joshua Sharp, it provides a calendar, including a section dedicated to Jewish holidays for the year 5589. The almanac also contains various information relevant to planters and merchants in South Carolina and Georgia, such as details on government officials, the South Carolina College, banks, insurance companies, the post office, the South Carolina Railroad, foreign coin values, fire companies, a gardener's calendar, steamboat rates, roads, and an advertisement for Clements Ferry. It also includes agricultural information, pilot details for Charleston harbor, and pilotage rates.

This is the third edition of Miller's Planters' and Merchants' Almanac for the year 1844. Calculated by David Young, it's designed for the states of Carolina and Georgia. In addition to the typical astronomical and agricultural information found in almanacs, this edition includes a calendar of Jewish Fasts and Festivals for the year 5604, lists of important government officials in South Carolina and the Federal Government, details on Charleston's civic institutions (including the Police, Custom House, and South Carolina College), as well as information on banking, insurance, the post office, and the South Carolina Railroad, freight rates, and a gardener's calendar. Published and sold by A.E. Miller in Charleston, South Carolina.

This book contains the missionary journal and memoir of Reverend Joseph Wolf, a Jewish Christian missionary. The work was written by Wolf himself and revised and edited by John Bayford. This is the first American edition, published in New York by E. Bliss in 1824; the same year it was published in London. The journal details Wolf's extensive missionary travels throughout the Middle East, Asia, and the United States, highlighting his experiences, challenges, and successes in spreading Christianity.

This collection contains two account books maintained by Moses Aaron Dropsie, a prominent Philadelphia lawyer and philanthropist. The first ledger is 6" x 15" with 95 pages of entries from 1840-1848, detailing repairs. The second ledger measures 7" x 12" and contains 262 pages of entries from 1841-1847. These meticulously kept records offer a glimpse into Dropsie's early life and business dealings before his legal career and his significant contribution to Jewish higher education by founding Dropsie College.

This book, published circa 1885 by McLoughlin Bros., recounts the biblical story of Moses and the Israelites' Exodus from Egypt. The book likely contains illustrations and text aimed at a young audience, given the publisher's known focus on children's literature. The book's content focuses on the journey of the Israelites, from slavery in Egypt to their arrival at Mount Sinai.

This small, leather-bound account book (4" x 6") documents estate disbursements from October 18, 1822, to June 10, 1824. The handwritten entries, signed by the executors of the will of Moses Levy of Hamburg, Pennsylvania (who died in 1822, with his will probated May 13, 1822), detail transactions and payments. Family members named include his wife, Mary, son Nathan, and daughter Sarah. Executors were John Bailey and William Feather. Individuals mentioned in the entries include John Wagner, Henry Prior, Henry Fister, Abraham Wolff, Jacob Lynn, Joseph Breitensman, and Jacob Snell. The book offers insights into the financial activities of a Jewish merchant in an early 19th-century Pennsylvania German farming community.

This book details a mission undertaken by the Church of Scotland to assess the state of Jewish communities across Europe and the Middle East in 1843. The text functions as a travelogue, documenting the authors' observations of Jewish life in various locations. The book includes two fold-out maps illustrating the mission's itinerary, one showing the overall route and another providing specific details of their travels within Israel. The mission was part of broader, largely unsuccessful, conversion efforts by the Church of Scotland.

This book recounts the United States Expedition to the River Jordan and the Dead Sea, led by W.F. Lynch, USN. Published by Lea & Blanchard in 1850, it provides a detailed account of the expedition's journey, geographical discoveries, and observations. The expedition's purpose was scientific exploration, including geographical surveying and the study of the region's natural history and culture. The book likely includes maps, illustrations, and detailed descriptions of the landscape, flora, and fauna encountered. The book’s significance stems from its contribution to the geographic knowledge of the region in the 19th century and its depiction of the natural landscape and culture of the Holy Land.

This book, published in Charleston in 1836, provides a firsthand account of the Seminole Wars by Myer M. Cohen, a lawyer and South Carolina legislator who served as an officer in the South Carolina volunteers. The book includes a frontispiece portrait of Osceola, considered the first published portrait based on life, and a folding map of Florida. Cohen's narrative details events at St. Augustine, Camp McCrea, Volusia, Tampa, Peas Creek, and Charlotte Harbor, offering insights into the campaign's eventual failure and providing information on Florida and its native population. The book is considered a valuable source for names of plantations, their owners, and participants in the campaign.

This manuscript, composed by Daniel de Medina, likely copied in the early 19th century from a 1740 original, examines maritime commerce between Spain and its American colonies. It details methods for protecting trade from pirates, the slave trade via foreign entrepreneurs, trade between the American colonies and the Philippines, competition with England and Holland, and strategies to maintain Spain's trade monopoly. Medina, as suggested by the text, was likely a member of the Creole-Spanish elite in Cuba. The manuscript consists of 17 leaves and measures 19.5 cm. It is in very good condition, showing minor stains and its original leather binding.

This pamphlet reprints an obituary of Alfred Andrew Cohen (1829-1887) from the November 19, 1887, edition of the *San Francisco News Letter and California Advertiser*. The obituary details Cohen's life, noting his arrival in California in 1849, his English parentage, his significant estate, and his well-known criticism of railroad monopolies. The obituary is reprinted in this pamphlet and is a valuable historical record for understanding the life of a prominent figure in 19th-century San Francisco.

This pamphlet, published in Arnhem in 1778 by Antoine-Marie Cerisier (1749-1828), is a response to Isaac de Pinto's anti-revolution pamphlet, "Discours d'un bon Hollandais à ses compatriotes." Cerisier's work offers a pro-revolution perspective, engaging directly with de Pinto's arguments. This pamphlet is part of a four-part exchange between Cerisier and de Pinto, with all four pamphlets present in this collection. This specific pamphlet is followed by Cerisier's "Suite des observations impartiales d'un vrai Hollandais," also in this collection.

Pamphlet -Philadelphia: Printed by Parker & Co. for M. Carey, Nov. 26, 1793. First edition. 8vo. 48 pp. Text in English and in French. Full modern green cloth, printed paper spine label; possibly untrimmed; scattered expert repairs along text edges; repair in gutter of first leaf; title-pages slightly toned; scattered spotting. Austin 1359; ESTC W21320 (locating 12 copies); Evans 25854; Sabin 51893; Wolf, Some Unrecorded American Judaica Printed before 1856, 8; Clarkin, Mathew Carey, a Bibliography of His Publications, 1785-1824, 125 The first work published by an American Jewish physician. Nassy, born in Surinam into its leading Sephardi family, was a descendant of David Nassy who had founded the Jewish community there in 1664. In 1792, Nassy settled in Philadelphia where he was the first Jewish physician to practice in that city. The present work was precipitated by an outbreak of yellow fever and Nassy’s subsequent successful diagnosis and treatment. In 1795 he returned to Surinam, where he entertained commercial pursuits and continued to practice as a physician. Between August 1 and November 9, 1793, over 10,000 people in Philadelphia contracted yellow fever. Of those, about 5,000 people (ten percent of the capital city's population) died, making it one of the most severe epidemics in the history of the United States. The epidemic caused a widespread panic within the city, leading to President Washington, most government officials, and around 20,000 residents, to flee to the safety of the countryside. For those who could not flee, a deep fear and distrust set in, causing friends and family to avoid each other on the street, and to banish family members displaying or suspected of harboring the dreadful disease. Some relief came from the heroic actions of the Free African Society, a nondenominational mutual aid society led by clergymen Richard Allen and Absalom Jones, who provided aid to many of the city's sick and dying white residents. By the fall, the epidemic was reaching catastrophic heights, leading to near anarchy and a collapse of all order. By October, with the onset of cooler weather, the number of cases finally began to drop, and residents began to return by November.

This 38-page pamphlet is the personal copy of Roger Jones, Adjutant General of the Army. It's the official Army Register from September 1, 1838, and contains the names and biographical information of several officers, including three Jewish officers: Abraham A. Massias, D.C. De Leon, and A. Mordecai. Each officer's entry includes their place of birth, enlistment date, and in some cases, additional details about their military career.

This pamphlet contains the Acts incorporating the Ohio and Mississippi Railway Company, approved February 5th, 1861 and February 12th, 1851, along with subsequent amendments. It also includes the company's by-laws adopted June 15th, 1863. Published in St. Louis, the pamphlet provides a comprehensive legal and operational overview of the railway company. Mendes Cohen's roles as president, director, and superintendent are noted within the pamphlet.

This document is a record of a speech delivered by Judah P. Benjamin to the United States Congress on February 11, 1859, concerning the acquisition of Cuba. The speech addresses major issues of states' rights and slavery within the context of the potential annexation of Cuba. The document appears to be a printed excerpt from the Congressional Record.

This is a 23-page octavo pamphlet by Leone Levi, originally published in 1863 as part of Volume 26 of the *Journal of the Statistical Society of London*. The pamphlet examines the impact of the American Civil War on the cotton trade and manufacturing industries. It includes one plate (likely a chart or graph illustrating statistical data). This is a first edition, and the copy is disbound.

This 1770 first edition folio, published in 's-Gravenhage (The Hague), is a codification of the legal rights of Dutch Jews to engage in business and commerce. Commissioned by William V, Prince of Orange-Nassau, the 22-page document, printed in Fraktur type, details in 55 articles the permissible trades, business enterprises, and contracts for protected Jews ("Schutzjuden") in the Netherlands. The text highlights the lack of previous unified standards regarding the status of protected Jews within the provinces of Orange and Nassau. A notable article (25) addresses the legal right of Jews to own one, but no more than one, home.

This 40-page leather-bound book, titled "Pacific Coast Diary," offers a glimpse into daily life in San Francisco during 1885. It includes a Jewish calendar, stagecoach fares, information on the best travel routes within the city, and details about San Francisco's tides. The diary combines practical travel information with cultural details, providing a unique record of the city at the time.

This book contains the papers presented at the Jewish Women's Congress held in Chicago on September 4-7, 1893. Published by the Jewish Publication Society of America (JPS), this volume offers insights into the concerns, activities, and perspectives of Jewish women at the end of the 19th century. The congress addressed various topics relevant to Jewish women's lives in America, including religious observance, social justice, education, and philanthropy.

This is the first periodical published west of the Rocky Mountains. Volume 1, Issue 1, published October 20, 1864, in Salt Lake City, Utah. Published by E.L.T. Harrison and E.W. Tullidge in the 20th Ward, this magazine featured articles on science, literature, and art. Notably, the first article in this issue is Benjamin Disraeli's "Miriam Alroy, A Tale of the Jewish Captive." The magazine ran for six issues and was financially supported by Salt Lake City's leading gentiles, including Col. Sam Kahn. It was printed at Fort Douglas.

This is an issue of "The Herald; A Gazette for the Country," a newspaper published in New York on October 29, 1796. The newspaper features a prominent article reporting on the petition of Jews in Holland being granted equal rights and privileges by the Convention, thereby making them full citizens in the Batavian Republic. The article expresses support for this progress, noting the historical oppression faced by Jews. The item displays typical 18th-century newspaper formatting with multiple text columns and a prominent masthead.

This 11-page pamphlet, dated December 14, 1838, and supplemented by three fold-out pages of building plans, presents Charles Lewis Fleischmann's proposal for a National School of Agriculture. Fleischmann, an agricultural expert trained in Germany, outlines his vision for this institution. While his religious affiliation is not explicitly stated and requires further research, the document is a significant contribution to the history of agricultural education in the United States.

This two-volume work by Morris J. Raphall chronicles the history of the Jewish people from the close of the Old Testament (around 420 BCE) to the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE. Published in 1866, it offers a detailed account of this significant period in Jewish history, covering political events, social structures, and religious developments.

This book, published by Bloch Publishing Company in 1908, presents a simplified version of Bible history tailored for young Jewish children. The book's content focuses on key events and figures from the Hebrew Bible, presented in a manner suitable for a younger audience. This particular copy shows evidence of previous ownership through a signature.

This document records the proceedings and a memorial adopted at a meeting held in Norfolk, Virginia, on May 16, 1834, concerning the restoration of deposits in banks. The memorial was likely addressed to the United States Congress, advocating for a specific policy regarding bank deposits. John B. Levy served as chairman of the meeting. The document includes biographical information about John B. Levy, noting his birth in Virginia, his later moves to Louisiana and Texas, and his death in Texas in 1877 at approximately age eighty-nine. Information is also provided on his wife, Emeline Butt Levy.

This book contains the proceedings of the Grand Lodge of Washington Territory for the year 1873. The proceedings list numerous Jewish members and notably include David C.H. Rothchild as a past Deputy Grand Master and Edward Salomon as the Governor of the Territory.

This 16-page pamphlet, printed in Shiremanstown, Pennsylvania by John F. Weishampel, contains the proceedings of the State Temperance Convention held in Harrisburg on January 12 and 13, 1842. It includes an address to the people of Pennsylvania by the convention's president, Lewis C. Levin, who later served as a U.S. Congressman. The pamphlet is notable for its rarity; WorldCat lists only three copies.

This 8-page prospectus, published by Froman Bros. in New York in 1886, appeals for moral and material support for the establishment of the Jewish Theological Seminary Association. It's a crucial document illustrating the early development of American Jewry and the efforts to establish a prominent institution of Jewish higher learning.

This 1884 pamphlet from the United States Cremation Company, Ltd., details the company's prospectus, certificate of incorporation, by-laws, and rules. Printed by the Eagle Book and Job Printing Department in Brooklyn, New York, the 16-page pamphlet advocates for cremation as a "safe, cleanly, expeditious and economical method of facilitating nature's work." It includes an illustration of a cinerary urn on the rear wrapper and comes with a laid-in broadside stock subscription form. The pamphlet is notable for listing Felix Adler among the company's directors. The New York Times reported on the opening and dedication ceremony of the company's crematorium in 1893.

This document is a copy of a Provisional British Patent, number 1831, granted to Barnet Solomon Cohen on August 8, 1859, for an ever-pointed pencil. The patent is bound in its original blue cover and consists of a single sheet printed on both sides. Barnet Solomon Cohen operated a stationery establishment in London; his brother, Henry Cohen, ran a similar business in Philadelphia and imported many items from Barnet. The patent application provides details about the innovative design of the pencil.

This document is a one-page (two-sided) provisional British patent application, number 1128, granted March 2, 1883, to Barnet Solomon Cohen of London. It describes a device or apparatus for sharpening or pointing pencils, accompanied by a diagram illustrating the invention. The patent applicant, Barnet Solomon Cohen, had a brother, Henry Cohen, who ran a stationary establishment in Philadelphia and imported goods from Barnet.

First annual publication of the American Jewish Historical Society, 1893. Contains numerous articles on early Jews in America.

This book is a copy of *Raziel Hamalach*, a kabbalistic treatise, from the library of Samuel Judah (August 19, 1728 – October 19, 1781), a significant figure in 18th-century American Jewish life. The book contains Judah's personal annotations, including a quote from Alexander Pope and a reflection on the nature of man, dated January 7, 1760. Judah's birth and marriage dates are also inscribed on the title page. This item offers a rare glimpse into the spiritual life and intellectual pursuits of a colonial American Jew. The book also contains information about Judah's involvement in the American Revolution.

This manuscript receipt book documents financial transactions in New York City between April 3, 1760, and April 7, 1770. Most receipts are made out to Captain John Anderson, and the book includes payments in pounds and shillings for various goods and services. The book features two signed receipts from Isaac Adolphus, dated November 4, 1762, and February 16, 1763. Many individuals listed in the receipt book were involved in the American Revolution. The book offers insights into early New York City commerce and the lives of its inhabitants.

This 12-page book contains the minutes of the meetings of the Board of Managers of the Associated Hebrew Charities of the United States. The meetings were held at the Grand Pacific Hotel in Chicago, Illinois on June 27th and 28th, 1886. The book was published in St. Louis in 1886.

This pamphlet is a register of the officers and cadets at the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, in June 1829. It lists Robert E. Lee in the senior class (2nd out of 46) and Abraham C. Myers in the freshman class (63rd out of 70). The register's inclusion of these notable figures adds historical significance. Abraham C. Myers is noted as being among the first Jewish cadets, later serving as Quartermaster General of the Confederacy. Fort Myers, Florida, is named in his honor.

This first edition book, published in 1866 by Joseph Walker, details the history of Charleston, South Carolina, from the perspective of long-time resident Jacob Cardozo. Cardozo, a Sephardic Jew born in Savannah, Georgia in 1786, was a self-educated economist, editor, and publisher of the Southern Patriot. The book covers various aspects of Charleston's life, including agriculture, commerce, education, the legal system, charitable organizations, and the early days of the Civil War. The book includes an appendix with information on the beginning of the Civil War at Forts Moultrie and Sumter, along with the action at Fort Wagner and other Charleston-area sites.

This congressional report from December 23, 1833, addresses a claim filed by the administrators of the estate of Michael Gratz. The report recommends payment to the estate for lost Continental Office Loan Certificates dating back to 1779. The report references a letter from Gratz (dated June 3, 1779, from Williamsburg) explaining that the funds from these certificates were used to procure goods from West Indies ports during the Revolutionary War.

This 20-page pamphlet documents the proceedings of the annual meeting of District Grand Lodge No. 2 of the Independent Order of B'nai B'rith, held in Chicago, Illinois on July 13th and 14th, 1862. The district encompassed Midwestern cities, as well as Tennessee and Kentucky. The meeting's report reflects the activities and decisions of the organization during the American Civil War.

This is a second edition of a report on a military commission's study of European artillery and small arms development in 1855-1856. Ordered by Jefferson Davis, Secretary of War, the report, resulting from two years of extensive field research, significantly influenced American weapons design and manufacture during the Civil War. The report details the commission's observations, analysis, and recommendations for improving American military technology.

This pamphlet presents the report of the Philadelphia and Reading Rail Road Company's presidents and managers to its stockholders, dated January 12, 1847. The report details the company's activities, financial state, and likely projects for the coming year. It was printed by Isaac Moss in Philadelphia.

This 124-page book details the 1818 libel trial of Charles N. Baldwin in New York City. Baldwin was accused of publishing an article suggesting a conspiracy between lottery sub-manager John Sickels and Napthali Judah, a prominent bookseller and publisher. The trial examined Sickels's fraudulent lottery practices and Judah's involvement. Despite Judah's initial claims of innocence, evidence presented implicated him in prior lottery tampering. The jury quickly found in Baldwin's favor, making this a significant early American First Amendment case.

This 1849 report, submitted to the Secretary of the Navy, details the findings of a scientific expedition led by Lieutenant William F. Lynch to the Dead Sea and the Jordan River. The expedition, one of the earliest U.S. government explorations of the Holy Land, determined the Dead Sea's location below sea level. The report includes an accompanying map and is presented in document form. The report's condition is good, with some edge wear, age toning, and uncut pages. The map is in fine condition with fold creases.

This document is a section of the Congressional Record from May 31, 1836, detailing a report on a maritime accident that occurred in St. Thomas in 1832. The report highlights the involvement of Nathan Levy, acting as American Counsel in St. Thomas during the case's handling.

This congressional report, dated July 29, 1841, is addressed to the 27th Congress, 1st Session. It contains a series of questions and answers from the Secretary of War concerning the Seminole Wars. The report's specific purpose is to provide Congress with information regarding the ongoing conflict and related matters. It also mentions David Levy Yulee, who is referenced in the document's context.

This is a 34-page folio-sized pamphlet published in London on April 6, 1832, by order of the House of Commons. It contains copies of laws passed by various colonial legislatures in the West Indies granting relief to Catholics and removing disabilities faced by Jews. The pamphlet is a government publication, offering a valuable insight into the legal and social changes related to religious tolerance in the British colonies during the early 19th century.

This is a comprehensive statute book containing all legislation enacted in the Province of Lower Canada (present-day Quebec) up to 1845. It includes significant legislation granting Jews equal rights and privileges with other British subjects in the province (1 Will. IV, Cap. 57, enacted 1831-32), as well as acts concerning Jewish places of worship and burial and the keeping of Jewish religious records. Published in Montreal in 1845.

This book contains the revised regulations of the United States Army from 1861. The copy is annotated by Captain Cheme M. Levy, Assistant Quartermaster, U.S. Volunteers, including his address at General McClellan's headquarters in Washington, D.C. The book also includes a record of Captain Levy's court-martial proceedings, which resulted in his cashiering for fraudulent financial activities.

This book, published in Richmond, Virginia in 1856, presents the reminiscences of an old citizen, offering a glimpse into the city's past. Authored by Samuel Mordecai, a prominent figure in Richmond's Jewish community, the book provides valuable historical insights and personal anecdotes from the mid-19th century.

This almanac, published by James Rivington in New York in 1774, contains a unique feature: a Hebrew calendar for the year 5535. The Hebrew calendar section includes an explanation of Purim and Hanukkah, followed by a month-by-month listing of holidays and fast days. This is considered one of the earliest Hebrew calendars printed in the Americas. The almanac also includes seven pages dedicated to John Hancock's Boston Massacre oration of March 5, 1774. The Portuguese spelling of certain Hebrew terms suggests collaboration with a Portuguese Jew in its creation. The almanac is considered rare.

This is a 12-page pamphlet, likely an advertisement, produced by the Waterbury Clock Company. Distributed by A. Horowitz of Hudson, New York, it features a graphic of a sun with rays emanating outward, along with four clocks showing different times for St. Petersburg, Calcutta, Hong Kong, and Melbourne. The overall purpose is to highlight the Waterbury clock's accuracy and global applicability. Published in 1887.

This is the second edition of Uriah P. Levy's book, "Rules and Regulations for Men of War." Originally published gratis, this edition was reprinted in 1861 due to the demand created by the Civil War. The book provides rules and regulations for naval warfare.

This is the first edition of "Rules and Regulations for Men of War," a book originally published gratis several years prior and reprinted in response to the American Civil War. The book was signed by Lieutenant Smith W. Nichols in November 1861. Nichols later became second in command on the CSS Shenandoah, a Confederate raider primarily involved in chasing blockade runners. The book is associated with Uriah P. Levy.

This is the second catalogue from M. Ellinger & Co., a New York City importer of foreign, ancient, and modern books, published in 1858. The 48-page catalogue lists over 1500 items, spanning the 16th through 19th centuries, with a significant section (pages 7-13) dedicated to books with Jewish content. Much of the descriptive text is in German and Latin. This catalogue is considered rare; this copy is noted as the only one located.

This 26-page Hebrew primer, published in San Francisco in 1887, was authored by Aron Joseph Messing for use in the Hebrew Free School of San Francisco. The book is bound in its original boards. It represents one of several Sabbath school textbooks written by Messing, highlighting his contributions to Jewish education in the late 19th century.

This Yiddish-language book, *Sefer Hanitzachon* (The Victory Book), details a legal dispute in an 1891 New York court between Anthony Comstock, who attempted to ban the book *Sefer Maaseh Taluy* (The Hanging Deed), and Shlomo Rozenthal. The book recounts the trial, which became a debate about Christianity and Judaism, where Rozenthal refuted missionary interpretations of the Tanakh. The court ruled that *Maaseh Taluy* was a religious book and its publication was permitted. The book includes a poem by Hillel Malachovsky in honor of Rozenthal. The final page features an English title page.

This manuscript, titled *Sefer Ta'amulot Hokhmah* ("Book of Secrets of Wisdom"), is a collection of medical recipes, cures, amulets, and other writings by Aron Henriques da Cunha, a Jewish doctor or pharmacist practicing in the Netherlands and/or the Caribbean Islands between 1770 and 1820. Written in a mix of Spanish, Dutch, German, and Hebrew, the manuscript also includes seven leaves of genealogical records for Cunha's family in the Caribbean and Naarden, Holland, dating up to 1835. The manuscript is described as a personal notebook where the physician recorded his work over an extended period; while some passages may be copied from other sources, the work is largely original.

This is a two-page Senate report, S. Rep. Com. No. 255, from the 34th Congress, 1st Session (1856). Senator David Levy Yulee submitted the report to the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads concerning a memorial from Apalachicola citizens regarding mail service. The document addresses concerns about mail service in Apalachicola, Florida, highlighting the need for improvements to postal routes and infrastructure in the region.

This is a first edition of Domingo de Soussa's sermon delivered at the public Auto de Fe held by the Holy Office of the Inquisition in New Spain on June 14, 1699. The sermon recounts the trial and execution of Fernando de Medina, a merchant accused of secretly practicing Judaism. De Medina's defiant refusal to renounce his faith and his final declaration of dying as a Jew are central to the narrative. The book includes a title within a typographic border and an engraving on the first page. It is exceptionally rare, with no institutional holdings listed in WorldCat.

This book is a collection of sermons delivered by various American rabbis. Published by the Central Conference of American Rabbis in 1896, it represents a significant body of Reform Jewish thought and preaching from the late 19th century. The sermons likely cover a range of topics relevant to Jewish life and practice in America at that time.

This is a first edition of James Picciotto's *Sketches of Anglo-Jewish History*. The book is bound in red embossed leather with gilt edges, indicating a presentation or deluxe copy. Published in 1875, it offers a historical overview of Jewish life in England.

First edition of *South Songs*, a book of poetry dedicated to the women of Richmond and the Sisters of Mercy, written by Thomas Cooper De Leon and published by Blelock & Co. in New York City in 1866. The book contains 153 pages and measures 4.5" x 7".

First edition of Thomas Cooper De Leon's *South Songs: From the Lays of Later Days*, published in 1866 by Blelock & Co. in New York City. This collection of poetry is dedicated to the women of Richmond and the Sisters of Mercy. The book contains 153 pages and measures 4.5" x 7".

This congressional record contains the speech delivered by Judah P. Benjamin in the United States Senate on December 31, 1860. In this address, Benjamin, representing Louisiana, provides a constitutional justification for secession and eloquently defends Southern policy. The speech is notable for its strong advocacy of Southern rights and its defiant conclusion against subjugation.

This document is a congressional record from January 17, 1816, transmitting a statement from the Acting Comptroller of the Treasury. It lists individuals within the Navy with overdue debts of three years or more, detailing the name, rank, amount owed, and additional notes for each. The data reflects outstanding financial obligations as of September 30, 1815. While it does not explicitly state that these individuals are Jewish, the context of the collection suggests the possibility of identifying some persons listed as Jewish.

This document is a section of the Congressional Record from February 23, 1815. It reproduces a letter from the Acting Comptroller of the Treasury transmitting statements of debts owed to the Navy that were overdue by three years or more. The document lists the names of individuals, their rank, the amount owed, and any relevant notes. Some of the listed individuals may have been Jewish.

This ledger contains the membership roster of the Stonewall Jackson Lodge No. 7, Knights of Pythias, Greenville, Mississippi, from 1873 to 1928. The roster includes the names, ages, residences, occupations, admission dates, and other details of the lodge members. Many of the listed members were Jewish, reflecting the significant Jewish community in Greenville during this period. The Knights of Pythias was a fraternal order established in 1864, aiming to foster reconciliation between the North and South.

This 1821 pamphlet contains a proposal by Virginia Assembly member Mr. Miller of Powhatan, offering a substitute for the report and resolutions addressing a complaint by the U.S. Supreme Court regarding the sale of District of Columbia lottery tickets in Virginia. The controversy established significant precedent on states' rights. Published in Richmond by Thomas Ritchie, printer for the Commonwealth, the pamphlet details the legal challenge involving Philip and Mendez Cohen, who were selling D.C. lottery tickets in Norfolk, Virginia, contrary to state law. The Supreme Court case, Cohens v. Virginia, asserted the Supreme Court's authority to overrule conflicting state laws, underscoring the supremacy of federal law.

This book is a report to stockholders from the Sutro Tunnel Company, written by Theodore Sutro, attorney, in 1887. The report details the company's financial status, operations, and progress during the year. Specific details about the content of the report are not available without access to the full content of the book.

This book provides a synopsis of Jewish history from the return of the Jews from Babylonian captivity to the time of Herod the Great (circa 1859). It details the different Jewish sects of that era, the development and usage of synagogues and schools, the origins and implementation of Jewish prayer, the Urim and Thummim, the Mishna (oral law), and the completion of the Gemara, which comprises the Talmud. The author was Rabbi Henry A. Henry, the first rabbi of Congregation Sherith Israel in San Francisco.

This 1856 Hebrew grammar textbook, published in Cincinnati, Ohio, by the Office of the Israelite & Deborah, is designed for use in Hebrew schools, colleges, and for self-instruction. It includes a chrestomathy, offering an epitome of history from creation to the destruction of the Second Temple, complete with analytical notes. The book contains handwritten notes referencing David Emden and an address on Avenue C in New York City.

This 1840 book, "Tanner's Picture of Philadelphia and Its Environs," provides a description of Philadelphia and its surrounding areas. The book contains 156 pages and notably lists the three Jewish synagogues in Philadelphia on page 56. The accompanying map is missing from this copy.

First edition, first issue of Jacob Raphael De Cordova's comprehensive work on Texas, published in Philadelphia in 1858 by E. Crozet. This 375-page 8vo volume includes an index and advertisements. The book offers detailed information on early Texas, including a notable section on the state's Jewish community. This copy is a signed presentation copy by De Cordova himself, making it an especially valuable and rare item in Texicana.

This is the 1865 edition of Robert B. Thomas's Old Farmer's Almanac, published by Swan, Brewer & Tileston in Boston. This 48-page almanac includes weather forecasts, astronomical data (eclipses, planetary positions), a Jewish calendar for 1864-1865, lists of American Presidents and Supreme Court justices, information on agriculture (farming in New England, raising livestock, cranberries), stamp duties, tide tables, and a mileage chart of major U.S. cities.

This book commemorates the 250th anniversary of Jewish settlement in the United States, published in 1905. It contains numerous names and likely details the history and contributions of Jewish communities across the country during this period. The book features photographs and possibly essays or articles related to this significant milestone.

This 1863 pamphlet alleges that the Confederacy's secret aim was to revive the international slave trade, citing purported intercepted instructions to L.Q.C. Lamar. The pamphlet attributes these instructions to Judah P. Benjamin, though its authenticity is questionable. Printed in Philadelphia by C. Sherman, this pamphlet reflects the anxieties and misinformation surrounding the Civil War and its implications for slavery.

This pamphlet, published in Philadelphia in 1863 by C. Sherman, Son & Co., alleges that the secret purpose of the Confederate rebellion was to revive the international slave trade. It purports to reveal intercepted instructions to L.Q.C. Lamar, detailing plans to circumvent treaty stipulations against the slave trade with European powers. Authorship is attributed to Judah P. Benjamin, though the authenticity of the document is questionable. The pamphlet reflects the anxieties and propaganda surrounding the American Civil War.

This 342-page almanac, published in 1843 by David H. Williams in Boston, provides a comprehensive range of information for the year 1844. It includes astronomical data (celestial phenomena, eclipses, planetary positions), chronological cycles, calendars (including a Jewish calendar and a Mahometan calendar), meteorological information, and details on the U.S. government, military, and postal service. The almanac also offers commercial and manufacturing statistics, population data, and information on educational institutions and religious denominations.

This is Volume I of *The American Journal of the Medical Sciences*, published in 1827. Isaac Hays was associated with the journal for 52 years, first as co-editor and later as editor. A letter from Abraham de Leon of South Carolina is included on page 480. This volume represents an early contribution to American medical literature and provides insight into the medical practices and discussions of the time.

This is the third edition of J. Wright's 'The American Negotiator,' published in London in 1765. This book contains tables reducing the various currencies of the British American colonies and the West Indies into English money, accounting for exchange rate fluctuations. It also includes tables for converting Irish currency to Sterling and for interconverting colonial currencies. A significant feature is the approximately 50-page list of subscribers to all three editions (1761, 1763, and 1765), which includes numerous Jewish merchants and prominent figures like Benjamin Franklin, offering insights into transatlantic trade networks and financial practices of the time. The book is complete with lxxx, 80, and 326 pages and bound in its original leather cover.

This book, published circa 1885 in New York City, by Joseph Fleischman, provides a guide to the art of blending and compounding liquors and wines. The book offers instructions and techniques for creating various alcoholic beverages. While the exact contents are not fully specified from the given metadata, the title suggests practical instruction for those involved in the beverage industry.

This 34-page pamphlet details a lawsuit between members of Congregation Beth Elohim in Charleston, South Carolina, concerning the installation of an organ in 1840. The dispute highlighted the conflict between traditional and reform Jewish practices in the United States. The lawsuit, printed on May 25, 1843, provides detailed accounts of the allegations and arguments presented in court, ultimately representing a significant early victory for the Reform movement in America. The case's resolution established a precedent for future disputes over religious practices within American synagogues.

This is a first edition of Isaac Leeser's *The Book of Daily Prayers*, published by C. Sherman in 1848. This particular copy contains extensive family records added by its owners, beginning with the marriage of Solomon Zucker (later Sugar) and Matilda Forchheimer on December 12, 1852, officiated by Reverend Gutheim, rabbi of the Congregation Sherith Israel in New Orleans. The book further documents the births of seven children born in Bastrop, Louisiana, between 1853 and 1867. Newspaper clippings record Solomon Sugar's death in 1884 and his son Isadore Sugar's death in 1919. The book passed through generations of the Sugar family, prominent Jewish merchants in Bastrop and Monroe, Louisiana.

This is the first American edition of J. Sparkes Hall's *The Book of the Feet: A History of Boots and Shoes*. Published in New York in 1847 by William H. Graham and J. S. Redfield, this volume traces the history of footwear from ancient Egypt, the Hebrews, Persia, Greece, and Rome through the Middle Ages to the 19th century. It includes illustrations of different styles, advice for last-makers, and remedies for corns. This particular copy contains an ownership inscription from Simon Mayer of Natchez, Mississippi, dated December 23, 1858.

This is the first American edition of Edward Hine's book, "The British Nation and the United States Identified as Lost Israel." Published in 1878, the book argues that the British and American nations are the descendants of the lost tribes of Israel. The book presents a historical and theological case for this claim, drawing on biblical interpretations and historical evidence.

This 200-page hardbound book, published in New York City in 1890, is a Jewish calendar covering a 100-year period. It contains numerous advertisements, some in English and Yiddish. A copy is signed by M.I. Levy with the inscription "With My Compliments."

A book titled *The Chronicles of the Kings of England From William the Conqueror to the Year MDCCXCV*, purportedly written by Nathan ben Saddi, a Jew. Published in New York in 1797, this work is described as an imitation of holy writings. The book comprises 119 pages and features an old inscription on the flyleaf. It is bound in contemporary boards, with the front cover detached. Numerous editions of this work are known to exist.

This is the first edition of the Constitution and By-Laws of the Hebrew Sunday School Society of Philadelphia, published in 1859 by L.R. Bailey. The 9-page book, printed in salmon-colored wrappers, details the society's organizational structure and rules. The Hebrew Sunday School Society, founded through the efforts of Rebecca Gratz and Reverend Isaac Leeser, played a pivotal role in reforming Jewish education in 19th-century America.

This book, published by Bloch & Co. in Cincinnati in 1872, contains the daily prayers for American Israelites. It includes 271 pages of prayers, plus an additional 42 pages in the back containing English-only prayers. The book is bound and has an owner's name embossed in gold.

This book is an abridged version of "The History of the Jewish Wars" by Flavius Josephus, adapted by Rev. Daniel Smith. Published in New York City in 1840 by Porter and Coates, it includes a description of Palestine, a brief history of Jerusalem before the war, and an epitome of its modern history. The text aims to illustrate the fulfillment of prophecies from Moses and the Messiah.

This is a three-part reader, likely for use in schools or families, published in Cincinnati, Ohio in 1883. Authored by Henry Abarbanel, it features narratives about Jewish people throughout history. The reader includes contributions by notable figures such as Emma Lazarus and Samuel M. Isaacs.

This hand-sewn pamphlet contains the field notes and surveys conducted by John Henderson for Aaron Levy in 1776. It includes three complete surveys: two conducted on May 22, 1776, for land purchased in 1775 and 1774 in Union County (adjacent to Aaronsburg, Center County); and a third survey from September 18, 1776, for land purchased in 1774 in Northumberland County. The diary also includes five maps and additional information. The paper was manufactured at Brandywine, Pennsylvania. This rare colonial document may be the earliest extant survey for land that later became Aaronsburg, Pennsylvania's first town founded and named after a Jew.

This is the first Haggadah printed in Chicago, Illinois, in 1879. Prepared by Hayim Liberman, it features Hebrew and English text and illustrations reflecting the American environment. The 93-page book includes unique illustrations of a family Seder, notably depicting the four sons with a modern touch, such as one son smoking a cigarette. This Haggadah is significant for its representation of Jewish life in 19th-century Chicago and its unique illustrative style.

This book, presented to the Jewish Hospital in Philadelphia by Mr. and Mrs. Lazarus Morgenthau of New York in 1873, serves as a commemorative volume. It contains 243 pages and is bound in contemporary red and gold printed wrappers. This volume is considered a companion piece to "The Dedication of the New Jewish Hospital and Home for the Aged and Infirm," published on September 14, 1873. Only two copies are known to exist, according to Singerman 2412 and WorldCat.

First edition of Isaac Marken's *The Hebrews in America: A Series of Historical & Biographical Sketches*. Published by the author in 1888. This book may be the first history book of Jews in America.

This book, "The History of Poland, from the Earliest Period to the Present Time," is the first American edition published by Harper & Brothers. Authored by James Fletcher, Esq., of Trinity College, Cambridge, it includes details about the economic and social lives of Jews in Poland during the reign of Sigismund Augustus. Specifically, it notes the significant presence of Jewish merchants and artisans in the mid-16th century and mentions legal restrictions placed on Jewish involvement in certain trades.

This book recounts the history of the destruction of Jerusalem and its Temple, also including a concise account of Christian persecution by pagans. It features Dr. Priestley's letters to the Jews and a response by David Levi, a learned Jew. Published circa 1825.

This book, "The History of the Inquisition," by William Sime, was published by the Presbyterian Board of Publication in 1834. It contains numerous descriptions of Jews as victims of the Inquisition, providing a historical account of their persecution during that period. The book offers insights into the religious conflicts and intolerance of the era, focusing on the experiences of Jews under the Inquisition.

This is the third American edition of a book detailing the history of the Jewish people from the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE to the 19th century. The book places significant emphasis on modern-day conversions, and includes lists of names, places, and specific historical accounts. Published in 1844.

This is the fourth American edition of M. A. Berk's *History of the Jews*, adapted from the Edinburgh edition. The book, a 12mo volume of approximately 400 pages, contains 60 pages dedicated to contemporary Jewish communities in Europe, Asia, and North Africa. It includes a contemporary lithograph of a Polish rabbi. While described as the fourth American edition, the exact publication date is uncertain, though likely before 1846.

Third American edition of "The History of the Jews, to the Present Time" by M.A. Berk. Published in 1844. This 12mo cloth-bound book contains approximately 400 pages, with 60 pages dedicated to contemporary Jews in Europe, Asia, and North Africa. Includes a contemporary lithograph of a Polish Rabbi. May be related to a work published in 1827.

This 1680 pamphlet contains the testimony of Francisco de Faria, an American-born Jew, delivered before the House of Commons on November 1, 1680, concerning the Popish Plot. The pamphlet details de Faria's background, his recruitment as an agent in Antwerp, and his involvement with English Catholics. His testimony contributed to the narrative of the Popish Plot, a supposed conspiracy by Catholics to overthrow the English government. The collection also includes two related pamphlets and an article by Lee M. Friedman from the American Jewish Historical Society Journal (No. 20, 1911) that discusses de Faria's life and testimony.

This book, "The Jew, at Home and Abroad," is a tract by the author ASSU, published circa 1845. The book examines the life and experiences of Jewish people both within their own communities and in the wider world. The content likely explores various aspects of Jewish life, history, and culture, as well as the challenges and perceptions faced by Jews in different societies.

This is a prayer book published by Isaac S. Moses in Milwaukee in 1888. It contains prayers and rituals for use in the Jewish home.

This book, published by the Jewish Publication Society of America (JPS) in 5605 (1845), contains a selection of Hebrew tales translated from the writings of ancient Hebrew sages. The book received an Award of Merit in 1883, presented to Robert Sichel. This particular copy belonged to Rosella Ehrlich of the Philadelphia Hebrew Sunday School.

This book is a third edition reprint of Peter Still's slave narrative, recounting his experiences of over forty years of enslavement in Kentucky and Alabama, ultimately gaining his freedom with the assistance of Jewish merchants Isaac and Joseph Friedman. Published in 1856, it is notable for highlighting the participation of Jews in the antebellum anti-slavery movement. The narrative includes an introduction by Rev. Samuel J. May and an appendix by William H. Furness, D.D. The book was printed by E. O. Jenkins and published by William T. Hamilton in Syracuse, New York.

This chapbook, intended for Sabbath schools, recounts the history of the Jewish people from the Babylonian captivity to the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem. It aims to connect Old and New Testament history, providing context and illumination for understanding the New Testament narratives. Published circa 1845, this book offers a concise overview of Jewish history for a younger audience.

This 1862 book for young readers, published by Henry Hoyt in Boston, contains three stories: "The Lost Half Crown," "The Four Little Words," and "The Stolen Purse." "The Four Little Words" uses the example of a Jew using a tallit to emphasize the importance of keeping God's word close to one's heart. The book features an engraved frontispiece and other engravings. It is bound in green gilt-embossed boards, and measures approximately 5 3/4" to 6 3/4" tall. This is a first edition.

This book, published in Philadelphia in 1852 by Joseph L. Moss, provides an explanation of the principles and theories of Odd Fellowship. The book includes numerous advertisements from Moss throughout. A membership certificate for J.L. Moss was tipped inside the book.

This book contains the rules of the South Carolina House of Representatives, various acts and resolutions, standing orders of the House, and the Constitutions of South Carolina and the United States. Published in 1847 by A.G. Summer, the State Printer in Columbia, South Carolina, it includes an interesting Rule II which accommodates members who are conscientiously restrained from uncovering their heads. The book is bound in half sheep and speckled paper over boards.

This item comprises a copy of the popular textbook *The Schoolmaster's Assistant*, printed for Naphtali Judah, and bound with a glued-in broadside advertisement for his bookstore. The broadside showcases Judah's inventory, which may include books, stationery, and other goods. This combined item offers insight into both the educational materials used at the time and the operations of one of the earliest Jewish-owned bookstores in the United States.

This book, "The Semitic Nations," by Daniel Chwolson, was published in Cincinnati, Ohio in 1874 by Bloch & Co. It is a scholarly work exploring the history, culture, and languages of the Semitic peoples. While the specific content requires further analysis of the book itself, given the subject tags provided by the donor, it's likely to contain discussions of antisemitism prevalent during that period.

This 1876 book by Max Rosenthal features chromolithographed portraits of the signers of the Declaration of Independence. The portraits are presented in an accordion-style foldout format, bound in full red morocco with gilt lettering on the covers. The book measures 1 1/2" x 1 1/4".

This 1928 hardcover book, "The Story of Monticello," by Thomas Rhodes, details the history of Thomas Jefferson's Virginia plantation and home. The book includes text and black and white illustrations covering Jefferson's early life, his time as a lawyer, governor, and minister to France, a description of Monticello's furnishings, and the roles of the Monticello children. It also notably discusses the sale of Monticello to Uriah Levy and its subsequent ownership by Jefferson Levy, highlighting the Levy family's crucial role in preserving Monticello. This copy is signed by the author, Thomas Rhodes, who served as superintendent at Monticello for nearly 40 years and played a significant role in the story's telling.

This 268-page book, published in 1854, serves as a guide for newcomers to Philadelphia. It includes a list of the city's three Jewish synagogues and features a woodblock print depicting one of them, located on Crown below Vine Street, described as being constructed in the Egyptian style. A map is also included.

This pamphlet, published circa 1869, is Adolph Sutro's response to a smear campaign launched by the Bank of California against him and his Sutro Tunnel project. The Bank of California, fearing the tunnel would impact its profits, allegedly initiated attacks on Sutro's reputation. This pamphlet serves as Sutro's defense, detailing the accusations and presenting his rebuttal. It offers insight into a California banking scandal and the business conflicts of the era.

This pamphlet details the military commission trial of Samuel North, Morven M. Jones, and Levi Cohen, three Civil War soldiers accused of ballot box stuffing during the 1864 presidential election. Published in Washington, D.C. in 1865, this copy belonged to Morven M. Jones, who added extensive annotations and a personal memoir recounting his imprisonment at Old Capitol Prison, his interactions with President Lincoln, and other aspects of his experiences during the Civil War. Jones's memoir provides a firsthand account of prison conditions, political intrigue, and the social climate surrounding the election.

This book, published in 1904, is a collection of writings and speeches responding to the Kishinev pogrom of 1903 in Russia. The pogrom, in which numerous Jews were killed and injured, sparked international outrage and condemnation. This volume compiles various American perspectives on the event, highlighting the accusations of ritual murder leveled against the Jewish community and the ensuing antisemitic violence. The book also features a plate depicting the Irene Kaufmann Settlement in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, suggesting a connection to Jewish charitable work and community building in the United States in response to the tragedy.

This book, printed by Bill Blake & Co. in 1819, is Peter Morwen's translation of Abraham ben David's abstract of the 'Yosippon' or 'Josippon', a disputed work sometimes attributed to Josephus ben Gorion. Morwen's translation, originally published in London in 1558 as 'A compendious and most marvelous history of the latter times of the Jews commune weale,' recounts the history of the Jewish people, culminating in the destruction of Jerusalem. This edition contains 299 pages and measures 6.5 x 4 inches.

This 90-page pamphlet contains the thirteenth annual report of the Jewish Hospital Association of Philadelphia, published in 1895. The report details the hospital's activities, finances, and medical achievements during that year. It likely includes statistical data, lists of staff and board members, and possibly accounts of significant medical cases or events.

This volume contains the transactions of the Society of California Pioneers from January 1 to May 7, 1863. Published in San Francisco, it includes the amended Society Constitution, lists of officers and committees, guest speeches, meeting minutes, and a membership roster. The membership list is of particular interest, as it includes several prominent Jewish individuals in early California, despite their relatively small population percentage. The volume also features the attested signature of Washington Montgomery Bartlett, the only Jewish governor of California, who served as a County Clerk at the time.

This pamphlet commemorates the opening of David Pinski's Yiddish play, "The Dumb Messiah," at the Playhouse in Cleveland, Ohio on December 1, 1918. The cover features a drawing by William Sommer. The pamphlet likely contains tributes, reviews, or other materials related to the event and the play's production.

First edition of Leon Gozlan's novel, *Un Verano en Baden* (A Summer in Baden), printed in Havana, Cuba in 1863. This book is printed on thin paper and consists of 296 pages. The book is bound in contemporary morocco-backed, gilt-titled marbled boards. According to WorldCat, only three copies of this work are known to exist.

This book recounts the voyages of Captain Frances Collins from 1796 to 1801, traveling through Portugal, Spain, Sicily, Malta, Asia Minor, and Egypt. The first American edition, published in Philadelphia in 1809, notably includes a chapter dedicated to the Jewish people, their faith, and their historical survival. The author expresses wonder at the Jews' persistence throughout history, contrasting it with the disappearance of their past oppressors.

This book, published in 1845 by The Sun Newspaper in New York City, profiles wealthy New York City citizens with a net worth exceeding $100,000. It includes a significant biography of Haym Salomon, focusing on his substantial wealth and the significant debt owed to him by the United States government, and also includes profiles of August Belmont, Amelia, Rebecca, and Bell Judah. The book offers insights into the lives and fortunes of prominent New Yorkers in the mid-19th century, shedding light on the economic landscape and social structure of the time.

This is a directory of the Borough of West Chester, Pennsylvania, for the years 1857-1858. It includes a substantial advertisement for Fuld, Schwab, and Isaac’s stores on pages 120 and 145. The directory lists businesses and residents of the borough during that period, providing a snapshot of the community's commercial and residential landscape.