Subject: Civil War, 1861-1865

This manuscript ledger records the 1863 tax assessments for the 7th District of New Orleans, Louisiana. Compiled most likely before the Federal occupation of May 1863, it details the taxes assessed on real estate, slaves (including those owned by Free People of Color), income, and personal property of numerous residents and businesses. The ledger is handwritten in ink and pencil, bound in gray cloth boards, and features printed column headings. It provides a valuable snapshot of the demographics, wealth distribution, and economic activities of New Orleans during the Civil War.

This book, published in 1880, recounts the experiences of Septima Levy Collis during the American Civil War (1861-1865). Mrs. Collis, born Septima Levy, daughter of David Cardoza Levy of Charleston, South Carolina, details her perspective on the conflict, including the loss of her brother, David Cardoza Levy Jr., who fought for the Confederacy. The book also includes details about her marriage to Capt. Charles Collis (who later became a general) in Philadelphia on December 6, 1861, and her father's involvement in the Reformed movement in Charleston.

An admission ticket to the Schwabe National Galleries of Fallen Heroes in Boston, Massachusetts, dated 1868. The 3 x 5 inch ticket, printed in red on white card stock, is signed by the proprietor, L. B. Schwabe, and admits Mrs. Wm. Haley and daughters. The verso includes the handwritten notation "$5.00 not transferable."

This archival item consists of a billhead from Weisenfeld & Co., dated November 19, 1878, and a check from Bay View Asylum, Baltimore, MD, dated November 29, 1878. The billhead measures approximately 4.75 x 8.5 inches, and the check measures approximately 4 x 7 inches. The billhead was issued to Bay View Asylum. The accompanying text provides biographical information about Moses Wiesenfeld, noting his involvement in the wholesale clothing manufacturing business, Moses Wiesenfeld Company, along with his brother Joseph and two brothers-in-law. It also mentions his arrest during the Civil War for supplying buttons to the Confederacy, resulting in a two-year imprisonment in an Albany jail.

Billhead of A. Winter, a dealer in staple and fancy dry goods, carpeting, and oil cloth, located at 12 Union Street, Nashville. The billhead is dated March 28, 1864, and measures approximately 8 1/2 by 14 inches. It includes details of a transaction and bears a Civil War Customs House stamp.

Billhead from J. Mayer & Son for clothing valued at $28.73 to W. Stanton, dated 1862, Natchez, Mississippi. The bill suggests the possibility of Stanton's death and the debt moving to probate. The reverse features a signed statement dated September 27, 1865, by Jonh Mayer (John Mayer's son) stating he hasn't received payment. The front includes a revenue stamp canceled February 2, 1867, in Natchez, Mississippi, by Simon Mayer, along with his signed note confirming receipt of funds for J. Mayer & Son. Simon Mayer was a Major and aide-de-camp to General Sharp, serving during the Civil War. John Mayer was chairman of the first recorded congregational meeting in Natchez, Mississippi, held on September 1, 1861. The Mayer family was a prominent family in the Natchez Jewish community.

This pamphlet, printed in Richmond, Virginia during the Civil War in 1864 by James E. Goode, contains the by-laws and membership roster of Richmond Lodge No. 10. The by-laws detail the rules and regulations governing the lodge, while the roster lists the officers, past masters, master masons, and members, including numerous individuals with Jewish names. This provides a glimpse into the social structure and membership of a Masonic lodge during the Confederacy, highlighting the presence and participation of Jews within the Richmond community.

A colorful, gold-bordered lithograph depicting Camp Boas, 127th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, commanded by Colonel W.W. Jennings. The lithograph, measuring approximately 28 1/4" x 10 3/4", shows the regiment assembled on the camp's parade ground with an American flag and a fort in the background. Published in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in November 1862 by L.N. Rosenthal.

Carte-de-visite (CDV) photograph depicting a group of Confederate generals, with Robert E. Lee prominently positioned in the center. The verso of the photograph displays the photographer's information: "VANNERSON & LEVY, PHOTOGRAPHERS, NO. 737 MAIN STREET (TWO DOORS ABOVE SPOTSWOOD HOTEL), RICHMOND, VIRGINIA". The photograph is undated, but likely dates from the American Civil War period (1861-1865).

Carte-de-visite (CDV) photograph of Libby Prison in Richmond, Virginia. The photograph was entered according to the Act of Congress in 1863 by C. Levy. Levy partnered with Cohen in 1865 and produced Civil War scenes. Undated.

Carte-de-visite photograph of Libby Prison in Richmond, Virginia, taken circa 1865 by Levy & Cohen. The image shows Libby Prison with the Confederate battle flag flying, and Richard R. "Dick" Turner, the prison's commissary, in the foreground. Printed on the back is "LIBBY PRISON ...THE ONLY VIEW OF THIS NOTORIOUS PRISON MADE DURING THE REBELLION." The photograph measures approximately 4 by 2 1/2 inches and includes a revenue stamp. Levy & Cohen were Jewish photographers with a Philadelphia studio.

Carte-de-visite (CDV) photograph depicting seven Union Civil War officers posed with a man presumed to be a bartender or waiter. The photograph, measuring approximately 2 1/2" x 2 1/8", is mounted on its original gold-ruled card mount bearing the mark of New Orleans photographer Theodore Lilienthal, showcasing his Poydras Street studio. The officers, in frock coats with shoulder bars, appear relaxed, suggesting post-drinking camaraderie. The bartender displays a seemingly apprehensive expression. The photograph is from the Richard B. Cohen's Brown Water Navy Collection. Research by Laura Eckstein, a PhD candidate at the University of Pennsylvania, connects Theodore Lilienthal to a family manifest from Bremen, Germany, indicating he arrived in New Orleans with his parents, Clara and Marx Lilienthal, in 1860. Both parents are confirmed to be buried in the New Orleans Jewish Cemetery. The image is described as being of the finest quality among Lilienthal's known CDVs.

Carte-de-visite (CDV) photograph depicting the ruins of Richmond, Virginia, after the American Civil War. Taken by Levy & Cohen in 1865. Shows the U.S. Customs House (Confederate Treasury Department). A revenue stamp is visible on the back. This image is part of a series of at least 33 views of Richmond taken by Levy & Cohen.

Carte-de-visite (CDV) photograph depicting the Treasury Building in Richmond, Virginia, after the Confederate capital's destruction in April 1865. Published by Levy & Cohen, this image is part of their series, "Levy & Cohen's Views of the Rebel Capital and its Environs." The reverse shows a canceled 2-cent stamp. Library of Congress negative #LC-B8184-10380.

Carte-de-visite (CDV) photograph of Phoebe Yates Pember Levy (1823-1913) taken in Boston, Massachusetts, circa 1861. Levy, a Southern woman, was widowed in 1861 and served as a matron at Chimborazo Hospital in Richmond during the Civil War. She later wrote the memoir, "A Southern Woman's Story" (1879). The photographer is identified as O. R. Wilkinson.

Copper Civil War store card token. The obverse depicts the City Hall of New York City, and the reverse shows an American eagle. The token was found at the corner of Maiden Lane and Williams Street. The token is associated with U.S. Civil War cards by Fuld, but is not listed in their catalog. Date: circa 1865.

Copper Civil War store token depicting an American eagle with flags. The token features the inscription "SOLE AGENT FOR THE U. S.; 'PRINCIPAL DEPOT OF FRENCH COGNAC BITTERS...70 NASSAU ST.'" and beading on the reverse. Issued during the Civil War when there were no metallic coins in circulation, forcing tradesmen to issue tokens to facilitate commerce. Many such tokens depicted patriotic subjects. The irresponsible nature of these tokens led Congress to pass an act in 1864 prohibiting private individuals from issuing money. Fuld number: 630BU.3A; Rarity: R1. Issued circa 1863.

Civil War-era store token featuring an American eagle with flags on the obverse. The reverse displays the inscription "SOLE AGENT FOR THE U.S.; PRINCIPAL DEPOT OF FRENCH COGNAC BITTERS...70 NASSAU ST." The token is made of copper and is described as having no beading on the reverse. According to the Fuld catalog, its rarity is R1 (630BU.2A). The token's imagery relates to the American Civil War and commercial activity during that period, likely issued by a merchant in New York City. The date is estimated to be January 1, 1863, based on the Civil War context.

Civil War store token issued by H. Lazeress, a dealer in rags and metals, located at 26 15th Street. The token features an Indian Head Penny on the reverse. Issued during the Civil War (1861-1865), when a lack of metallic currency in circulation necessitated the issuance of privately-produced tokens for commerce. The irresponsible use of these tokens led to Congressional action in 1864 prohibiting private issuance of currency. Copper; FULD 165DC.2A; RARITY R2.

Civil War store token featuring an Indian Head Penny (1863) on the obverse and "Dry Goods 280 Main Street" on the reverse. Issued during the Civil War when metallic coins were scarce, necessitating the use of privately issued tokens to facilitate trade. Many such tokens depicted patriotic imagery. The irresponsible issuance of these tokens led Congress to pass an act in 1864 prohibiting private individuals from issuing currency. The token is described as having a rarity rating of R3, according to the Fuld system of Civil War tokens. The token's geographic location is indicated by the address '280 Main Street'.

Civil War-era store token issued by J. Klein, a grocer located at 63 Hamilton Road, Cincinnati, Ohio. The token features an Indian head on the obverse and the inscription "J. KLEIN, GROCER, 63 HAMILTON ROAD, Cincinnati, Ohio" on the reverse. The token's discovery alongside other items raises questions about its potential association with both Jewish and non-Jewish individuals. The date is estimated to be January 1, 1863.

Civil War-era store card token. The obverse depicts General McClellan. The reverse reads "J. Mahnken...19 & 22 West Street...Liquor & Segars." The token is identified as "RARITY #2 NY630AT.1a." Dated circa 1863. Found in New York City.

Civil War-era store token issued by J. Siegel's Dry Goods & Groceries in Hales Corner, Wisconsin. The token's front depicts an eagle and the year 1863. The reverse side displays the business name, location, and a designation 'WISC. 270A.1A'. The token's existence suggests the economic activity and challenges during the Civil War, reflecting the use of privately issued tokens due to the scarcity of official currency.

Civil War store token. The obverse features a Liberty Head, with the inscription "CHILDS MANTER CHICAGO". The reverse displays "L. ELIEL, #1 TEAGARDEN BLOCK, LA PORTE, INDIANA". The description notes that L. Eliel later moved to Chicago. The token dates from the American Civil War period (1861-1865).

Civil War-era store token issued by A. Lederer in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The token's inscription indicates its location as the corner of East Water and Michigan Streets. The token dates from 1863.

Civil War-era store token issued by S. Meir & Co., a dry goods and clothes merchant. The reverse side features the inscription "S. MEIR & CO. DRY GOODS & CLOTHES"; the obverse displays "LIBERTY". The token dates from 1863. This token is part of the O collection in Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS Box 4, Pouch 3.

Civil War-era store token issued by L. Schneider of Cincinnati, Ohio in 1863. The token features an Indian head on the reverse. The token's obverse displays the address 557 Walnut Street. Further research is needed to ascertain additional details about this token. The token is part of the Ms. Coll. 1410 collection, housed in OOS Box 4, Pouch 3.

Copper Civil War store token issued by S. Steinfeld in New York City in 1863. The token depicts an American eagle with flags and identifies Steinfeld as the "sole agent in the U.S." for French Cognac Bitters, with a principal depot at 70 Nassau Street. Note that the date 1863 is not present on the token itself, unlike other similar tokens.

Civil War-era trade token issued by F. Mangold. The obverse reads "F. MANGOLD"; the reverse reads ".9 NEW YORK ST M ..20 CENTS IN GOODS". This token, rarity #7, was issued during the Civil War when a lack of metallic coins in circulation forced tradesmen to create alternative mediums of exchange. Many tokens depicted patriotic themes. The irresponsible issuance of these tokens led Congress to pass an act in 1864 prohibiting private individuals from issuing currency. An Adolph Mangold, a Jewish man, is commemorated annually at the Jewish Civil War Memorial in Cincinnati, Ohio; he was killed in the Civil War. See item 19.104 for the related 10-cent piece.

Civil War-era trade token issued by the Felix Kosher Dining Saloon located at 256 Broadway in New York City. The token's obverse depicts an Indian head and the year 1863; the reverse displays the name "Felix Kosher" (in Hebrew) and the saloon's address. Issued during the Civil War when metallic coins were scarce, such tokens served as a temporary medium of exchange. The token's significance lies in its historical context, reflecting the economic realities of wartime and the business practices of Marx and Ederheimer, who owned several restaurants in the area between 1861 and 1873. An act of Congress in 1864 prohibited private issuance of money, leading to the eventual demise of these tokens.

Civil War-era trade token issued by Felix Kosher's Dining Saloon located at 256 Broadway in New York City. The token's obverse depicts an Indian head and the year 1863, while the reverse displays the name "Felix Kosher" in Hebrew and the saloon's address. Felix Kosher and Isaac Ederheimer owned several restaurants in New York City between 1861 and 1873. A saloon operated at this address between 1864 and 1869.

Civil War-era trade token issued by Felix Marx and Isaac Ederheimer's kosher dining saloon located at 256 Broadway, New York, New York. The front of the token features the names "MARX, FELIX / EDERHEIMER, ISAAC," along with "NEW YORK, NEW YORK" and a Liberty Shield design. The reverse displays "FELIX KOSHER (in Hebrew) DINNING SALOON" and the address "256 BROADWAY." The token is described as rare and is noted for a possible U.S. cent overstrike. Marx and Ederheimer owned several restaurants between 1861 and 1873, and a saloon existed at this address between 1864 and 1869. Dated circa 1863.

Two-page handwritten document outlining Confederate Army regulations concerning substitutes, issued by Judah P. Benjamin, Acting Secretary of War, from the War Department in Richmond, Virginia, on October 20, 1861. This is one of a limited number of handwritten copies sent to Confederate military leaders.

Legal document detailing the confiscation of silver from Edwin Warren Moise in New Orleans, Louisiana, on June 6, 1865. The report may be related to the General Butler Scandal.

Envelope addressed to General John L. Manning at home. The envelope also bears the inscription "By servant of N. Du Boise" and a possible signature of F. J. Moses on the side. The envelope dates to September 1, 1861.

Envelope postmarked Petersburg, Virginia, addressed to George W. Mordecai, "Bal Gus R B Co," Raleigh, North Carolina. The envelope shows a 3-cent postage stamp. Dated circa 1863 based on the postmark.

This book contains ten sermons delivered during a period of national crisis in the early months of 1861, following Abraham Lincoln's election and the secession of South Carolina but before the attack on Fort Sumter. The sermons represent diverse viewpoints on the issues of slavery and national unity, with contributions from clergymen in both the soon-to-be Confederate States and Union States. Notably, the collection includes the controversial sermon "Bible View of Slavery" by Morris Jacob Raphall, offering a pro-slavery interpretation of scripture. Other prominent contributors include James Henley Thornwell, Benjamin Morgan Palmer, Robert Lewis Dabney, Robert Jefferson Breckinridge, Henry Jackson Van Dyke, and Thomas Lewis. The compilation provides a valuable snapshot of religious and political thought during a pivotal moment in American history.

This one-page congressional record document from April 5, 1882, details a claim filed by Isaac A. Meyer for clothing and furniture allegedly confiscated by U.S. forces in Memphis, Tennessee, in March 1863. Meyer was accused of aiding deserters; however, due to the time elapsed, Congress determined there was insufficient evidence to grant the claim.

Official letter from A. C. Myers, Quartermaster General of the Confederate States of America, to Capt. H. T. Massengale, Assistant Quartermaster in Atlanta, Georgia, dated July 31, 1863. The letter addresses the salary of a clerk in the Quartermaster's Office, referencing an Act of Congress that fixed salaries for such positions.

Letter written by A. F. Brugess from Salem, South Carolina, on January 10, 1861, to an individual known only as "Pink." The letter details the intense political climate in South Carolina in the early days of the Civil War, including the secession of South Carolina and the formation of volunteer militias. Brugess describes his own participation in the Butler Minute Men, and mentions a Jewish man, Jacobs, who donated a flag to the company.

A one-page letter dated September 21, 1862, from Abraham Hart to Rabbi Sabato Morais of Mikveh Israel Congregation in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Hart requests Morais to include a prayer for the Union in all services on Saturdays and holidays, as per a resolution of the congregation. The letter's envelope is addressed to Morais at 545 North 6th Street, Philadelphia. This letter provides insight into the dynamics of the Jewish community in Philadelphia during the Civil War and the interaction between congregants and religious leaders.

Four-page handwritten letter from David Lowry Swain to Dr. Joshua J. Cohen, dated November 18, 1865, from Swain's home in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. The letter discusses the collection of historical artifacts, including Confederate currency and autographs.

A letter written by David G. Barnitz on June 22, 1867, from New York, New York, concerning a claim against the U.S. Quartermaster Department. The letter details a cancelled order for ponchos and tents, referencing an inventor and manufacturer, Mr. Day, whose patterns were involved. Barnitz appears to be writing on Day's behalf.

A commercial letter written by E. W. Moise on September 15, 1866, concerning the collection of a debt. The letter was sent from Tuskegee, Alabama to Sumter, South Carolina. The letter provides biographical information about Moise, detailing his military service in the Confederate Army during the Civil War and his post-war career in South Carolina.

Two-page letter written by Levi H. Levingston in Bethania, North Carolina, to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on May 25, 1860. Levingston inquires about biblical interpretations and thanks Leeser for previously ordered books. The letter reflects on his impending departure from Bethania at the outset of the Civil War.

A two and one-quarter page letter written by R. A. Levy to Isaac Leeser on September 16, 1861, from Tioga Center, New York. Levy expresses his anti-war sentiments and mentions previous conversations with Leeser on the subject. He describes his boarding situation with a Christian family and the lack of Jewish homes in the area. The letter offers insight into civilian perspectives on the Civil War and the social context of Jewish life in upstate New York.

Letter from the "Office of the Committee of Public Safety" in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to David H. Solis, dated April 26, 1861. The letter expresses gratitude for a $50.00 contribution from Solis to the Philadelphia militia for defense against potential invasion. The letter is part of the Collection E at the University of Pennsylvania.

PICTURE OF STORE FRONT...MARBLE CLOTHING HOUSE; PART OF PAPERS FROM THE 7TH MICHIGAN DISCHARGE...ALL LETTERS; REFERRED TO THIS MERCHANT IN JACKSON. MICH. IN 12/1865.; ;

Carte-de-visite photograph depicting the Treasury Building in Richmond, Virginia, after the Confederate capital was spared from the flames of April 3, 1865. Published by Levy & Cohen of Philadelphia, this image is part of their series, "Levy & Cohen's Views of the Rebel Capital and its Environs." A cancelled two-cent stamp appears on the reverse.

Newspaper clipping from the *Louisville Daily Courier*, published in Louisville, Kentucky on July 25, 1861. The clipping features instructions from Judah P. Benjamin regarding the handling of prisoners of war and persons captured at sea. It also includes an advertisement by Rothchild, S. This is one of the earliest rulings by Benjamin to be published in a newspaper. The clipping contains details on the First Battle of Bull Run.

Newspaper clipping from the New York Times, dated November 30, 1868, featuring letters concerning General Grant's Order No. 11. The article discusses the order's impact and its emergence as a significant issue in the Presidential campaign. Published in New York City.

This is a 23-page octavo pamphlet by Leone Levi, originally published in 1863 as part of Volume 26 of the *Journal of the Statistical Society of London*. The pamphlet examines the impact of the American Civil War on the cotton trade and manufacturing industries. It includes one plate (likely a chart or graph illustrating statistical data). This is a first edition, and the copy is disbound.

Carte-de-visite photograph depicting Richmond, Virginia in ruins after the Civil War. The photograph, part of a series documenting the aftermath of the war, was taken by the firm Levy & Cohen, located at the northwest corner of Ninth and Filbert Streets, Philadelphia. The image shows the 'Burnt District' of Richmond. Levy & Cohen, a partnership of two Jewish photographers, toured Richmond in the summer of 1865 and captured at least 33 different views of the city. This particular photograph is exceptionally rare, with only a limited number of surviving examples. Published in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, approximately 1865.

Gilt brass trade token (24mm) issued by W. H. Hausman's clothing warehouse in Savannah, Georgia, circa 1855. The obverse depicts an eagle with the inscription "W. H. HAUSMAN CLOTHING WAREHOUSE." The reverse shows Liberty seated on a chariot, surrounded by the inscription "BLUE STORE..SAVANNAH, GEO." J. Hausman is listed as an active member of Congregation Mickve Israel (KKMI) in Savannah in 1869, according to page 138 of "Third to None: The Saga of Savannah Jewry 1733-1983" by Rubin.

A receipt dated September 20, 1862, from Quartermaster Charles M. Knapp for 24 birch brooms requisitioned for the Touro Almshouse in New Orleans, Louisiana. The almshouse, endowed by Judah Touro, was used as barracks by Federal troops during the Civil War and destroyed by fire in 1865.

This first edition book, published in 1866 by Joseph Walker, details the history of Charleston, South Carolina, from the perspective of long-time resident Jacob Cardozo. Cardozo, a Sephardic Jew born in Savannah, Georgia in 1786, was a self-educated economist, editor, and publisher of the Southern Patriot. The book covers various aspects of Charleston's life, including agriculture, commerce, education, the legal system, charitable organizations, and the early days of the Civil War. The book includes an appendix with information on the beginning of the Civil War at Forts Moultrie and Sumter, along with the action at Fort Wagner and other Charleston-area sites.

This 20-page pamphlet documents the proceedings of the annual meeting of District Grand Lodge No. 2 of the Independent Order of B'nai B'rith, held in Chicago, Illinois on July 13th and 14th, 1862. The district encompassed Midwestern cities, as well as Tennessee and Kentucky. The meeting's report reflects the activities and decisions of the organization during the American Civil War.

This book contains the revised regulations of the United States Army from 1861. The copy is annotated by Captain Cheme M. Levy, Assistant Quartermaster, U.S. Volunteers, including his address at General McClellan's headquarters in Washington, D.C. The book also includes a record of Captain Levy's court-martial proceedings, which resulted in his cashiering for fraudulent financial activities.

Two sheets comprising a roll sheet for Company B, 1st Regiment, Illinois Light Artillery. The document includes detailed notes on the Battle of Vicksburg, Mississippi, while it was in progress, and notes from a steamboat trip from Memphis, Tennessee to Vicksburg. Also included is a record of 408 artillery rounds expended during the battle. Dated December 31, 1862.

This is the second edition of Uriah P. Levy's book, "Rules and Regulations for Men of War." Originally published gratis, this edition was reprinted in 1861 due to the demand created by the Civil War. The book provides rules and regulations for naval warfare.

This is the first edition of "Rules and Regulations for Men of War," a book originally published gratis several years prior and reprinted in response to the American Civil War. The book was signed by Lieutenant Smith W. Nichols in November 1861. Nichols later became second in command on the CSS Shenandoah, a Confederate raider primarily involved in chasing blockade runners. The book is associated with Uriah P. Levy.

Second edition of *Rules and Regulations for Men of War*, by Uriah P. Levy. Published in 1861 in response to the American Civil War. This edition follows a previous edition published gratis several years earlier. The book was put into commercial use due to the demands of the Civil War. There is at least one subsequent edition.

A safe conduct pass issued to T. F. Moses and a friend on December 27, 1862, in Alexandria, Virginia. The pass is handwritten and includes the names of Moses and his companion, W. M. Dalglush. It indicates travel between Alexandria, Virginia and Washington, D.C.

First edition of *South Songs*, a book of poetry dedicated to the women of Richmond and the Sisters of Mercy, written by Thomas Cooper De Leon and published by Blelock & Co. in New York City in 1866. The book contains 153 pages and measures 4.5" x 7".

First edition of Thomas Cooper De Leon's *South Songs: From the Lays of Later Days*, published in 1866 by Blelock & Co. in New York City. This collection of poetry is dedicated to the women of Richmond and the Sisters of Mercy. The book contains 153 pages and measures 4.5" x 7".

This congressional record contains the speech delivered by Judah P. Benjamin in the United States Senate on December 31, 1860. In this address, Benjamin, representing Louisiana, provides a constitutional justification for secession and eloquently defends Southern policy. The speech is notable for its strong advocacy of Southern rights and its defiant conclusion against subjugation.

A six-page handwritten sermon delivered by Sabato Morais on Thanksgiving Day, likely in 1864, during the Civil War. The sermon emphasizes American patriotism, the blessings of liberty, and the importance of religion, with allusions to the war and its impact. The manuscript is written in English with a few Hebrew words interspersed. Accompanied by photostatic copies of specimens of Morais' handwriting and two biographical sketches.

This is the 1865 edition of Robert B. Thomas's Old Farmer's Almanac, published by Swan, Brewer & Tileston in Boston. This 48-page almanac includes weather forecasts, astronomical data (eclipses, planetary positions), a Jewish calendar for 1864-1865, lists of American Presidents and Supreme Court justices, information on agriculture (farming in New England, raising livestock, cranberries), stamp duties, tide tables, and a mileage chart of major U.S. cities.

This 1863 pamphlet alleges that the Confederacy's secret aim was to revive the international slave trade, citing purported intercepted instructions to L.Q.C. Lamar. The pamphlet attributes these instructions to Judah P. Benjamin, though its authenticity is questionable. Printed in Philadelphia by C. Sherman, this pamphlet reflects the anxieties and misinformation surrounding the Civil War and its implications for slavery.

This pamphlet, published in Philadelphia in 1863 by C. Sherman, Son & Co., alleges that the secret purpose of the Confederate rebellion was to revive the international slave trade. It purports to reveal intercepted instructions to L.Q.C. Lamar, detailing plans to circumvent treaty stipulations against the slave trade with European powers. Authorship is attributed to Judah P. Benjamin, though the authenticity of the document is questionable. The pamphlet reflects the anxieties and propaganda surrounding the American Civil War.

This is the first American edition of J. Sparkes Hall's *The Book of the Feet: A History of Boots and Shoes*. Published in New York in 1847 by William H. Graham and J. S. Redfield, this volume traces the history of footwear from ancient Egypt, the Hebrews, Persia, Greece, and Rome through the Middle Ages to the 19th century. It includes illustrations of different styles, advice for last-makers, and remedies for corns. This particular copy contains an ownership inscription from Simon Mayer of Natchez, Mississippi, dated December 23, 1858.

Single-sheet newspaper, published in Columbus, Georgia on June 9, 1862. Features a prominent recruitment advertisement for Moise's Rangers.

This pamphlet details the military commission trial of Samuel North, Morven M. Jones, and Levi Cohen, three Civil War soldiers accused of ballot box stuffing during the 1864 presidential election. Published in Washington, D.C. in 1865, this copy belonged to Morven M. Jones, who added extensive annotations and a personal memoir recounting his imprisonment at Old Capitol Prison, his interactions with President Lincoln, and other aspects of his experiences during the Civil War. Jones's memoir provides a firsthand account of prison conditions, political intrigue, and the social climate surrounding the election.