Subject: Prisoners of war

Carte-de-visite (CDV) photograph of a young boy in a light-colored uniform, possibly a Confederate prisoner of war, housed in an orphanage. The verso is inscribed in pencil: “A Levy Cleveland Orphans home / war.” The photograph is undated but is likely from the 1860s.

Carte-de-visite (CDV) photograph of Libby Prison in Richmond, Virginia. The photograph was entered according to the Act of Congress in 1863 by C. Levy. Levy partnered with Cohen in 1865 and produced Civil War scenes. Undated.

Color aquatint engraving depicting the "Capture of the Argus, Aug. 14th, 1813." This print is from *The Naval Achievements of Great Britain*, published in 1817 by James Jenkins. The engraving illustrates an event in the War of 1812, where Uriah Levy, at age 21, served as a supernumerary sailing master on the USS Argus. The Argus was captured by British forces on August 14, 1813, after seizing over 20 vessels. Levy's experience as a prisoner of war and the challenges in obtaining a subsidy and parole due to his supernumerary status are described in the accompanying text.

A letter dated December 10, 1777, from Jonathan Trumbull to Ezekiel Williams, Commissary of Prisoners, in Lebanon, Connecticut. Trumbull issues orders for the release of John Tully, a prisoner of war, to be escorted by Aaron Isaacs to negotiate the release of John Smith, another prisoner held in New York.

Newspaper clipping from the *Louisville Daily Courier*, published in Louisville, Kentucky on July 25, 1861. The clipping features instructions from Judah P. Benjamin regarding the handling of prisoners of war and persons captured at sea. It also includes an advertisement by Rothchild, S. This is one of the earliest rulings by Benjamin to be published in a newspaper. The clipping contains details on the First Battle of Bull Run.

Issue of the London Gazette, dated April 20, 1728, published in London, England by S. Buckley. This issue includes a list of passengers, including several Jews, released from captivity by Moroccan privateers following a peace treaty between England and the Emperor of Morocco. The listed Jews, Rachel Franco, Blanco Flora, David Franco, and Raphael Franco, were traveling from London to New York.

Watercolor painting by Max Neugas, a Jewish Confederate prisoner of war, depicting a scene at Fort Delaware during the American Civil War (1861-1865). Executed in watercolor and pen and ink on paper, measuring 5 x 8 inches. The watercolor is inscribed on the reverse: "Given to my father by Uncle Ben... P. on his return from imprisonment in 1865. B. Craig Patterson (Drawn by a prisoner)". This piece is one of two watercolors by Neugas from his imprisonment at Fort Delaware from 1863 to 1865. Neugas, born in Germany circa 1836, was a Confederate soldier and artist who, after the war, moved to New York and became a professional artist. The description also includes biographical information about David Mayer and Henry Hirsch, prominent Jewish Confederate soldiers.

Watercolor painting of Fort Delaware, Delaware, created by Max Neugas, a Jewish Confederate prisoner of war, in 1865. The watercolor, measuring 5 x 8 inches, depicts scenes from the fort. The reverse of the piece is inscribed with information regarding its provenance.