A collection of six carte-de-visite (CDV) photographs. Each photograph features a different individual or firm and includes handwritten Yiddish inscriptions. The photographs are: Avrom Zinger; W. Twardzicki (Warsaw, Poland); Wladimir Wysocki Kieff (Kieff); Joseph Brill; N. Neifakha (Minsk, Belarus). The photographs came from the same lot as items 12.1089. The images date from circa 1885.
Subject: Poland
No additional authority information available for Poland.
This book, "The History of Poland, from the Earliest Period to the Present Time," is the first American edition published by Harper & Brothers. Authored by James Fletcher, Esq., of Trinity College, Cambridge, it includes details about the economic and social lives of Jews in Poland during the reign of Sigismund Augustus. Specifically, it notes the significant presence of Jewish merchants and artisans in the mid-16th century and mentions legal restrictions placed on Jewish involvement in certain trades.