Subject: Mercantile Business

An archive of 56 documents pertaining to the division of the estate of Aaron Hart (d. 1800), a prominent merchant and landowner in Trois-Rivières, Quebec. The documents were found within the papers of Judge James Reid (1769-1848), Hart's lawyer. The collection is divided into two categories: documents created after Hart's death, primarily legal in nature, and documents predating his death, including ledger sheets, letters, and promissory notes. The documents offer insight into Hart's business dealings, land holdings, and family affairs. Biographical information on Aaron Hart and his sons is included.

Autograph letter signed by Moses Michael Hays, addressed to Michael Gratz. Dated January 20, 1768. Hays discusses business matters, specifically the sale of sugar and leather, and mentions drawing a bill of exchange for $500. The letter is written on one page, with the address panel on the verso showing a New York postmark and bishop's mark. The letter's content reflects Hays's mercantile activities. In 1775, Hays famously refused to sign a declaration of loyalty to the American colonies due to a phrase about Christian faith, demonstrating his commitment to the principle of equality for all men. He later signed a revised version without the religious clause.

Bill of lading documenting the shipment of 18 boxes of lemons from T. I. Tobias in New York, New York to Jacob Levy in New Orleans, Louisiana on January 23, 1835. The document was printed by Solomon H. Jackson at 163 Chatham Street, New York. T. I. Tobias is identified as being from a well-known Jewish merchant family, and Solomon H. Jackson is noted as a well-known Jewish printer. The document features an eagle logo. This is part 1 of 2.

Bill of lading for the shipment of wine from T. I. Tobias, a member of a well-known Jewish merchant family, to Richmond. The document was printed by Solomon H. Jackson at 163 Chatham Street, New York, New York. Jackson was a well-known Jewish printer. An eagle logo is present on the document. Dated October 25, 1835. This is 1 of 5 related documents.

Billhead detailing the stores to outfit the sloop Molly, sold to Master Joseph Rodman by Naphtali Hart on February 12, 1746, in Newport, Rhode Island. The inventory includes a significant quantity of codfish and oil, suggesting a long voyage. The Molly was a slaver owned by the Vernons.

Bill of sale documenting the purchase of 1137 gallons of molasses by Myer Polock from S. & W. Vernon for 1932 pounds Sterling in Newport, Rhode Island on June 22, 1769. This document provides insight into the mercantile activities of Myer Polock, a prominent Jewish shipbuilder and trader in Newport during the late 18th century.

This archival item consists of a billhead and envelope from M. Leva & Co., located on Water Street in Selma, Alabama. The date on the billhead is May 31, 1895. The item is part of the E Collection and includes references to M. Leva & Co., M.J. Elkan and S.J. Lilienthal.

Billhead/Letter from the firm D & A Oppenheimer, located at 47 & 49 White Street, New York City, N.Y. Dated December 20, 1879. The letter pertains to a sight draft.

Billhead from Battery Park Building, located at 21-24 State Street in New York City. The date on the billhead is March 3, 1911. The billhead is associated with M. L. Eckstein.

Billhead from 24 Custom House Street, Providence, Rhode Island, dated April 25, 1877. The billhead mentions H. T. Fidler, G. S. Fidler, and R. Fessenden. The billhead is part of a larger collection of financial records.

Billhead from C. Sunstein & Sons, Altoona, PA. Dated August 1, 1913. Addressed to W.P. Schenk. Part of the collection of Judaica Americana.

Billhead from Kraemer, Schaefer & Co. for an order totaling $110.68, dated November 4, 1870. The billhead indicates a substantial purchase amount. The geographic location is inferred from the collection's overall geographic scope.

Billhead sent from M. Letzeler to W.P. Schenk in Altoona, Pennsylvania. Dated January 25, 1913. The billhead is part of a larger collection of financial records. The item's geographic location is Altoona, Pennsylvania.

Billhead sent from Ullman, Einstein to W.P. Schenk in Altoona, Pennsylvania. Dated February 6, 1913. The billhead is part of a collection of financial records and is housed in Ms. Coll. 1410, Box 8, Folder 57.

Commercial letter on a billhead from M. Marx in Uniontown, Alabama, dated June 16, 1879. The letter advertises the business's willingness to pay the highest price for cotton. The letter is brief in nature.

Billhead from A. Greenbaum's business located at No. 130 J Street, one door above 5th, Sacramento, California. The billhead is dated August 5, 1858. The billhead indicates mercantile business activities.

Billhead from A. Kuhn & Bro. in Ogden, Utah, dated January 25, 1887. The billhead is a single sheet of paper. Further details about the contents of the billhead are not available.

Billhead from Aaron Brinkerhoff located at 324 Broadway, New York City, dated April 5, 1865. The billhead bears a revenue stamp. This item is part of manuscript collection 1410.

Billhead from Abraham & Karsky, a mercantile business operating in San Francisco and Weaverville, California. The billhead is dated June 2, 1889. The document is part of the collection Arc.MS.56, Box 14, Folder 6.

Billhead from Ackerman Brothers, located at 123 Kearny St. & 209 Sutter St., San Francisco, California. The billhead is dated June 20, 1877. The billhead includes the word "STATEMENT".

Billhead from Altman, B. & Co., a mercantile business, dated October 2, 1893. The billhead likely reflects a transaction from this New York City business. This item is part of a larger collection of financial records.

Billhead from B. Nathans, a mercantile business in New York City, dated June 30, 1893. The billhead likely contains details of a transaction, though the specifics are not provided in the available record. The image is not available to verify.

Billhead of Baer, Levy & Co. Dry Goods, dated December 8, 1880. The billhead details supplies of bacon, coffee, overalls, boots, tobacco, and other miner's supplies. The company's main store was located at 21 Battery Street, San Francisco. The billhead provides a detailed list of items and their prices. Located in Union, Oregon.

Billhead - 4/24/1846...ASD...D. Behrman, Silk, Tuscan, and Straw Hat Manufacturer 60 CANAL STREET, New York, New York....as a research note...there is a brochure in Singerman's..."Choice Groceries for Passover, [Pesa?] at D. Behrman’s New Store, 172 Bowery, opposite Delancy Street, New-York ... [New York]: Jackson, Cheap Printer, [1848]. 1 leaf printed on both sides".

Billhead from a mercantile business owned by Bernard Mayer in New York City, dated November 26, 1858. The billhead's content is described as '; ; ASD...BY ABOVE; ;'.

Billhead from Castle & Brothers, located at 213 & 215 Front Street, San Francisco, California. Dated May 18, 1864. Payable in U.S. Gold. The billhead is part of the archival collection Arc.MS.56, Box 11, Folder 6.

Billhead from Charles Ilfeld, a well-known early Jewish pioneer in New Mexico, located in Las Vegas, New Mexico. The billhead is dated March 2, 1886. The item is part of the E collection and is housed in Arc.MS.56, Box 14, Folder 8.

Billhead from Charles Silverbrandt, located at 252 East Eleventh Street, near Avenue C, in New York, New York. The date on the billhead is September 28, 1866. The billhead is part of the E Collection.

Billhead of Chas. Grunsky. The billhead lists his business address as Levee Street, between Commerce and Beaver Streets, Stockton, California. The date on the billhead is May 7, 1860. The billhead also mentions "Baggs & Grunsky."

Billhead from Cohen, Mack & Co., located at 24 1/2 & 26 White Street, New York, New York. Dated April 14, 1875. This document is a loan statement for F. Auerbach & Bro., showing a balance of $2155.55 with a 7% interest rate.

Billhead of Cohen, S.H. & Brothers. The billhead is dated May 21, 1875, and lists the company's address as 326 Canal Street, between Broadway and Church Street, New York, New York. The billhead is part of the E collection.

Printed billhead in black ink advertising Davis, Abrahams & Lyon, wholesale and retail dealers in British, French, and American staple and fancy dry goods, carpets, boots, shoes, etc., located at No. 13 Sycamore Street. The bill notes that goods are received weekly from New York auctions and are offered at low prices for cash. The bill is dated January 1, 1859, and is made out to James M.B. Steward, indicating a balance and interest due on account.

Billhead from the firm of Einstein, Hirsch, & Co. in Uniontown, Alabama, dated October 1, 1872. The billhead details extensive purchases of household goods, clothing, cloth, and personal items made throughout the year 1872. The document is written in unusual purple ink. The billhead is located in Arc.MS.56, Box 11, Folder 6.

Billhead from Esbeig & Bachman, importers of cigars and tobacco, located at 207, 209 & 211 Battery Street, San Francisco, California. The billhead documents a $528.89 order, payable in gold, dated August 7, 1877. A reference lists a firm as Esberg & Bachman Office in NYC.

Billhead from F.A. Fleischmann, dated January 5, 1875. The billhead features an image of a fox and is addressed from 502 Arch Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Billhead from George Davis & Co., located at 39 Bollgbrook St., Petersburg, Virginia, dated July 27, 1874. The billhead indicates the business was involved in slave trading before the Civil War. David Davis, son of George Davis, is listed on the billhead. Printed by Binswanger.

Billhead from Greenebaum & Bros., dated October 31, 1856. The billhead indicates the business's address as No. 128 J Street, corner of 5th, Sacramento, California. The invoice details the sale of six gold bags at $3.00 each.

Billhead from the firm Greenebaum & Bucki, located at 113 J Street, between Fourth and Fifth Streets, Sacramento, California. The billhead is dated March 18, 1857. This item is a manuscript/mixed material; specifically a financial record in the form of a billhead.

Billhead from Gross, Morris & Brother, located at 10 & 12 Third Streets, Troy, New York. The billhead is dated February 1, 1878. Gross, Morris & Brother were active in Jewish affairs.

Billhead from H. Spiro Tobacco House in New Orleans, Louisiana, dated July 1, 1879. The billhead is part of the archival collection Arc.MS.56, Box 11, Folder 9.

Billhead from Hirsh Brothers & Co., a general store and cotton factors located in Uniontown, Alabama. The billhead is dated June 3, 1878. The archival object is a manuscript/mixed material, specifically a financial record in the form of a billhead.

Billhead from I. Adler & Bro. in Uniontown, Alabama, dated January 1, 1873. The billhead also mentions business connections in New York City and Demopolis, Alabama. A brief commercial letter is included with the billhead.

Billhead from I. Adler & Bro. in Uniontown, Alabama, dated July 1, 1867. The billhead is accompanied by a brief commercial letter.

Billhead of I. I. Davis, a dealer in staple and fancy dry goods, notions, shoes, and hats. The billhead indicates a business date of May 24, 1892. The geographic location is implied to be near 35.7455559996588, -81.6881179998127. The billhead is part of the O collection, Manuscript Collection 1410, located in Box 2, Folder 25.

Billhead - "I. PINCUS"; ASD MRS. I. PINCUS;......7/1/1889(81?).....WEAVERVILLE, CALIFORNIA In the 1800s, brothers Isaac and Abraham Pincus operated a collaborative regional dry-goods trade and deeply intertwined their family ties by marrying women from the prominent Packscher family. When Abraham's wife, Amelia (Emily) Packscher Pincus, managed transactions at their shared Main Street shop, she followed standard 19th-century legal and social naming customs by signing business receipts as "Mrs. A. Pincus" to represent her husband's name. Because the brothers pooled their family resources for retail operations, Amelia held full authority to accept payments, issue receipts, and manage the storefront's counter ledger alongside her extended family. Isaac and Abraham Pincus were Jewish, a fact documented by clear historical. Born in Poland in 1833, Pincus migrated to the West Coast and established a successful dry goods business on Main Street in Weaverville, regularly co-advertising in the Weaverville Weekly Trinity Journal alongside other early pioneer Jewish clothiers. His Jewish heritage is firmly cemented through his marriage to Seraphina Packscher. The Packscher family belonged to a tight-knit German-Jewish mercantile network; notably, Seraphina's sister, Annie, married Jacob W. Davis-the Jewish tailor who partnered with Levi Strauss to invent riveted denim jeans. Regional family history accounts document that both couples were wed through traditional shidduch (matchmaking) arrangements orchestrated by the pioneer Jewish communities of British Columbia and California. Later in life, Pincus co-founded early business ventures in the Pacific Northwest and maintained lifelong ties to Temple Beth Israel, while his children's births in Weaverville and subsequent resting places remain permanently tied to historic Western Jewish congregation registries and cemeteries. While he spent years operating his dry goods store in Weaverville, California, Pincus had been tracking and investing in commercial properties across the Pacific Northwest since as early as the late 1850s and 1860s. When he finally relocated permanently in 1884, he shifted his focus from running dry goods stores to the agricultural trade. He established a massive hops ranch in nearby Puyallup, bought local crops by the ton, and grew to become the largest international hops dealer on the West Coast, serving on Tacoma's city council and helping form the city's early Chamber of Commerce The Packscher family belonged to a tight-knit German-Jewish mercantile network; notably, Seraphina's sister, Annie, married Jacob W. Davis-the Jewish tailor who partnered with Levi Strauss to invent riveted denim jeans. Regional family history accounts document that both couples were wed through traditional shidduch (matchmaking) arrangements orchestrated by the pioneer Jewish communities of British Columbia and California. Later in life, Pincus co-founded early business ventures in the Pacific Northwest and maintained lifelong ties to Temple Beth Israel, while his children's births in Weaverville and subsequent resting places remain permanently tied to historic Western Jewish congregation registries and cemeteries.

Billhead from I. Strasburger's Dry Goods store in Virginia City, Montana, dated June 16, 1877. The billhead advertises dry goods, carpets, millinery, and fancy goods.

Billhead from J. Andrade, a business dealing in fancy ostrich feathers, located in New York, New York. The billhead is dated May 29, 1875. The name J. Andrade suggests a Sephardic origin.

Billhead from J. J. Cohen, Rome, Georgia, dated February 9, 1857. The billhead is part of the collection of Judaica Americana and was found in archival box Arc.MS.56, Box 11, Folder 7. The billhead indicates a mercantile business.

Billhead for Jacob Adler & Co., located at 54 S. Howard St., 228 & 290 W. Pratt Street, Baltimore, Maryland. Dated October 28, 1878. The firm was formerly known as Cone & Adler and was established in Jonesborough, Tennessee in the early 1850s, moving to Baltimore in the early 1870s. Jacob Adler and his brother-in-law Herman Cone were partners.

Billhead from Jacob Weinheimer's business located at 49 North Salina Street, Syracuse, New York. The billhead indicates the business is a lithographer and the date is March 12, 1879.

Billhead from John Levison, dated April 22, 1857. The billhead indicates that Levison's business was located at 675 Broadway, New York, New York, and associated with the Lafarge Hotel.

Billhead from Jonas Gratz, dated July 7, 1866. The billhead lists two addresses: 34 Pine Street and 304 Bleecker Street, New York, New York. The content of the bill itself is illegible except for the name and date. This archival item is part of the collection Arc.MS.56, Box 11, Folder 8.

Handwritten billhead of Jonas Gratz, dated July 7, 1866. The billhead indicates an address of 34 Pine Street, New York, New York. The corner of the billhead is cut to cancel it. The billhead is part of the collection of Archival Materials, Arc.MS.56, Box 11, Folder 8.

Billhead from Julius Jacobs' business located at the Northwest corner of Front and Washington Streets in San Francisco, California. The date on the billhead is March 8, 1866. The billhead is part of the 'E' collection.

Billhead from the mercantile business of Julius Koch, located in New Orleans, Louisiana. The billhead dates from approximately January 1, 1890. This item is part of a larger collection of financial records. The geographical location is specified as New Orleans, Louisiana.

Billhead from Koshland Bros., a fur and wool merchant located at 26 Front Street, Portland, Oregon. Dated October 18, 1876, this billhead indicates a sale of merchandise to Marks. The document's description includes biographical information about Abraham Haas (1847-August 8, 1921), an American businessman and patriarch of the Haas family; details about the founding of Hellman, Haas and Company; and information about the Marks family's business activities in Southern Oregon. Additional information mentions two San Francisco agents, S. & N. Koshland. The billhead was printed by Joe Niles Printer.

Billhead from L. Auerbach & Bro., Foreign & Domestic Groceries, located on Main Street in Helena, Montana. The billhead is dated November 1, 1875. The billhead does not list L. Auerbach & W. J. Auerbach.

Billhead of L. Bernstein, dated August 26, 1873. The billhead indicates that orders were taken at 625 6th Avenue, or at the residence 267 West 39th Street, New York, New York. This is a mercantile record.

Billhead from L. Elkuss, located at J Street corner of Second, Sacramento, California, dated July 12, 1867. The billhead features an image of a steamship and a yellow revenue stamp.

Billhead from L. Goldsmit Brother & Company, dated May 31, 1894. The billhead features advertisements for cigars and is addressed to 705 Liberty Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The billhead is part of the E collection in the University of Pennsylvania Archives.

Billhead from L. Tannenbaum located at 65 Nassau Street, New York, New York, dated November 21, 1883. The billhead is part of the E Collection, housed in the University of Pennsylvania Libraries.

Billhead from L. Wertheimer, located at 300, 302, 304 & 306 Front Street, San Francisco, California. The billhead is dated November 6, 1883. A picture of the store is depicted on the billhead. Additional names associated with the business are E. Wertheimer and J. L. Hess.

Billhead from Levy & Brothers, located at 472 Broadway & 30, 32, 34 & 36 Crosby St., New York, New York. The bill is dated June 2, 1883, and was sent to Towandotte, Kansas.

Billhead of Levy, L. J., Importers & Jobbers of Fancy Staple Dry Goods, located at No. 134 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The date on the billhead is March 26, 1850.

Billhead from the firm of Lindenthal and Solomon, located at Austin Avenue, Waco, Texas, and 66 Lispenard Street, New York City. The date on the billhead is November 1, 1876. This billhead is a mercantile record.

Billhead from Louis Cohen, located at 88 Chambers Street, near Broadway, New York, New York, dated October 20, 1890. The billhead features a lithograph of a feather duster.

Billhead from the Virginia City, Nevada branch of M. Armer & Co., located at 16 South C Street. The billhead was used on February 14, 1883. It was later used by a Charles to write a Valentine to his niece. The main branch of M. Armer & Co. was located in San Francisco, California. H. Armer managed the Virginia City branch.

Billhead from M. Cohen's business located at 212 to 232 West 26th Street, New York, New York, dated August 17, 1889. The billhead is a single sheet of paper, likely used for commercial transactions. Further details about the nature of M. Cohen's business are not available from this item alone.

Billhead for one bale of cotton from M. Isaac & Co., dated July 12, 1879. The billhead indicates "FLORIDA HEADQUARTERS" and originates from Thomasville, Georgia.

Billhead from M. Leva & Co. in Selma, Alabama, dated June 30, 1892. The billhead is a single sheet of paper. This item is part of the E Collection.

Billhead of M. Morgenthau, dated May 6, 1875. The billhead indicates his business address as 108 Bush Street, near Battery, San Francisco, California. A note on the billhead mentions that other billheads show him in the soap and candle business at the same location.

Billhead from Manuel, H., located at 20 & 22 Chartres Street, New Orleans, Louisiana, dated September 18, 1885. The billhead is part of a larger collection of financial records.

Billhead from Michael Schwartz's business located at 133 & 135 Exchange Street in Portland, Maine. The billhead is dated May 17, 1864. The document is part of the 'O' collection, Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Box 2, Folder 23.

Billhead of Moritz J. Cohn & Co., importers of looking glass plates, located at 53 Maiden Lane in New York City. Dated September 19, 1872. This billhead is a single sheet of paper from the business's stationery, indicating items sold and amounts owed. The billhead is part of a larger collection of financial records.

Billhead of N. L. Ransohoff, one of the earliest Jewish settlers in the Utah Territory. The billhead is dated March 3, 1868, and indicates that Ransohoff was a dealer in furs. Located in Salt Lake City, Utah.

Billhead advertising Colt pistols, playing cards, accordions, and perfumery. The business was located at the Battery Corner of Sacramento Street, San Francisco, California. The date on the billhead is September 21, 1859.

Billhead from Newman Wolf & Brother, located at 414 & 416 Sacramento Street, San Francisco, California. Dated March 9, 1866. The billhead is part of the E collection. The billhead is located in Arc.MS.56, Box 11, Folder 6.

Billhead from Oberfelder, Max & T., dated February 21, 1881. The billhead lists the company's address as 123 California St., San Francisco, California, and indicates that they are agents for the Amazone Distilling Co. The document is a single sheet.

Billhead from Rueff, J., dated October 24, 1863. The billhead indicates an address of 180 J Street, between Sixth and Seventh Streets, in Sacramento, California. The lithographer is identified as 'LITHO OF HAT'.

Billhead of S. Hernsheim, dated December 18, 1878. The billhead lists business addresses at 83-87 Gravier Street and 28-30 Magazine Streets, New Orleans, and 141 Water Street, New York City. Joseph Hernsheim is also mentioned on the billhead. The billhead suggests mercantile business activities.

Billhead from S. Katz, dated May 27, 1885. The billhead indicates that Katz was possibly associated with the N.O. National Bank in New Orleans, Louisiana.

Billhead from S. Ottenberg, Manufacturers of Cigars, located at the northeast corner of 2nd Avenue and 22nd Street in New York City. The billhead is dated January 10, 1891, and was sent to R. C. Halliday in Dillon, Montana.

Billhead from S. Prager located in Parkersburg, West Virginia, dated October 21, 1865. The billhead lacks a street address. This item is part of the E Collection and is housed in Arc.MS.56, Box 11, Folder 9.

Manuscript billhead of S. Wineberg located at 310 3rd Street, New York City, dated December 22, 1860. The billhead is in manuscript form. This item is part of the E Collection at the University of Pennsylvania.

Manuscript billhead of S. Wineberg located at 310 3rd Street, New York City, dated October 26, 1859. The billhead is in manuscript form.

Manuscript billhead of S. Wineberg located at 310 3rd Street, New York City, dated December 22, 1860. The billhead is in manuscript form.

Billhead from S.F. Myers, dated April 4, 1890. The billhead indicates that the invoice is for Rank 7 Co. The billhead lists addresses in Virginia City, Montana, and New York, New York: 48 & 50 Maiden Lane, 33 & 35 Liberty Street. The header also includes the words "GREAT GRAPHICS".

Billhead of Samuel Sternheim, dated January 9, 1895, listing two business addresses: 27 & 29 Sutter Street and 528 & 530 Market Street, San Francisco, California. The billhead also advertises "GOOD LITHO OF SERVING PIECES."

Billhead from Samuel Wolf's business in Wheatland, Yuba County, California, dated February 3, 1877. The billhead indicates that "COUNTRY PRODUCE TAKEN IN EXCHANGE".

Billhead from Solomon & Hart, located at 243 Broadway, opposite the Park, in New York, New York. The date on the billhead is July 12, 1848. The billhead is part of the collection of Judaica Americana.

Billhead from Solomon Isaac, located at the corner of Main & Bellevue Streets, Opelousas, Louisiana. The billhead is dated January 31, 1877, and features a "Great Litho of Lady Liberty" in black print.

Billhead from the mercantile business of Stephen H. Myers, located at 3631 Longshore Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Established in 1879. The billhead is dated June 20, 1906, and signed by Stephen H. Myers.

Billhead or envelope from Sterne & Feibelman, located at 910 Broad Street, Selma, Alabama. The date on the document is September 30, 1895. The item is part of the E Collection at the University of Pennsylvania Libraries.

Billhead from the National Supply Company, dated August 1, 1908. This item is part of the Cohen Oil Archive and was found in Ms. Coll. 1410, Box 6, Folder 23. The billhead is related to Isaac Cohn's mercantile activities.

Billhead from the San Marcos Free Press, dated May 25, 1888. The billhead mentions Isaac H. Julian in connection with a mercantile transaction in San Marcos, Texas.

Billhead from 109, 111, & 113 Grand Street, payable in US Gold Coin. The billhead is dated September 9, 1892. The description also notes 'YELLOW PAPER'.

Billhead from 120 & 122 South Main Street, St. Louis, Missouri, dated April 6, 1874. The billhead lists the business address and possibly the names of Imbs and Meyer.

Billhead from 3138 Market Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, dated November 13, 1896. The billhead mentions ASD, but further details are unavailable. This item is part of the M collection, located in Ms. Coll. 1410, Box 8, Folder 57.

Billhead from 315 Broad Street, dated March 7, 1895. The billhead is part of the Samuel Funkhouser Collection, housed in Manuscript Collection 1410, Box 2, Folder 25. The location listed on the billhead is 315 Broad Street. This item pertains to mercantile business.

Billhead from 363 Lenox Avenue, near 128th Street in New York City. Dated November 20, 1894. The billhead is associated with J. Schimmeck and pertains to mercantile business. The address suggests a business location in Harlem, New York City.

Billhead from a firm located at 365 Broadway, New York City, advertising their services as importers and commission merchants of fancy goods, small wares, cutlery, druggist sundries, and musical instruments. The date of this billhead is March 14, 1892. The billhead is part of the Blumenthal/Boas collection.

Billhead from 53 East 10th Street, New York. The date is unknown, but the material was donated in 2006 and is part of collection M, Ms. Coll. 1410, Box 8, Folder 56. The billhead is associated with mercantile business and is linked to the individuals Fuchs and Kirschner.

Billhead from 94 Fulton Street, New York. The date is August 31, 1894. The billhead is part of a collection of financial records. The names Fishel, Adler, and Schwartz are associated with the document.

Billhead from Philip Adler located at 17 & 19 Rose St., New York, New York, dated December 10, 1891. The billhead is printed on yellow paper and marked 'ASD'. The document is part of the E Collection.

This billhead from Auerbach, Wells & Co. is dated February 12, 1879. The front of the billhead lists the company's name and address: Main Street, Helena, Montana Territory. The image shows a printed form with space for recording a statement of money due. The billhead advertises a broad range of merchandise, including Singer Sewing Machines and apples, suggesting a general store or mercantile business. The back of the billhead is NOT ENOUGH INFO. A second image is available in this record. It shows a similar billhead, but the details of this billhead are NOT ENOUGH INFO.

Billhead from Becker, Julius / Epstein, located at 90 Chambers Street, New York, New York, invoicing R. Holliday in Dillon, Montana. The date of the invoice is November 29, 1881. This is a financial record from a mercantile business.

Receipt from Cohen & Fosdick, cotton factors in Savannah, Georgia, dated May 18, 1847. The receipt is for four demijohns. The billhead measures approximately 7 by 5 1/2 inches. Cohen & Fosdick are listed as cotton factors in Harold D. Woodman's *King Cotton and His Retainers: Financing and Marketing the Cotton Crop of the South, 1800-1925*. A demijohn is an old word for a glass vessel with a large body and small neck, enclosed in wickerwork.

Billhead from E. D. Messinger located at 151 Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois. Dated November 23, 1877. The billhead is part of Manuscript Collection 1410.

Billhead from B. Grossman located at 321 Lenox Avenue. The billhead is dated December 30, 1902. The billhead is part of the Ms. Coll. 1410 collection, located in Box 8, Folder 56. The billhead's subject matter suggests mercantile business.

This billhead from I. Levy & Bro., dated November 25, 1878, documents a sale to Jacob Weil. The billhead displays the company name, address (13 & 15 Market Street, Paducah, Kentucky), and the date of the transaction. The provided images show a simple, printed business form typical of the late 19th century. The layout includes space for itemized goods and costs, indicating a standard business transaction. The overall design is understated, reflecting common business record-keeping practices of the period. The back of the billhead is NOT ENOUGH INFO.

Billhead from the mercantile business of Jacob Gutapfel, located on Fourth Street between Centre and Pearl Streets in Cincinnati, Ohio. The billhead is dated January 1, 1895. This item is part of manuscript collection 1410.

Billhead for M. Isaac & Co. documenting the sale of two bales of cotton. The billhead indicates a transaction date of December 9, 1879, and is associated with the Florida Headquarters. This item originates from the Thomasville Times Newspaper Archives and was published on July 17, 1880, on page 3. The geographic location is Thomasville, Georgia.

Billhead from the New York City Tobacco Works located at 206 & 208 Fulton Street. Dated August 2, 1866. This archival item is part of the collection of Judaica Americana.

Billhead from the mercantile business of M. Oppenheimer, located at 811 Penn Avenue. The billhead indicates that an item was sold to Heggarty in Coalport, PA on or around February 13, 1906. The item's description is missing from the record. This item is part of the M Collection.

Billhead for S. Bienenstok Co. Wool. The original document lists St. Louis/Boston as the location; St. Louis is crossed out and replaced by Boston. The bill is for 750 bags of wool at a total cost of $27,380.96. Notes indicate that cash advances are made on all consignments. Dated February 14, 1893.

Billhead from F. Stuessel located at 10 East Market Street between First and Brook Streets in Louisville, Kentucky. The billhead is dated February 24, 1880. The images show a printed billhead form, typical of business stationery from the late 19th century. The address is clearly visible, along with the date.

This broadside depicts the arrival of merchandise to T. I. Tobias in New York City from Liverpool, England, on October 5, 1832. The image shows a scene of maritime activity, with ships and docks, typical of a port city at that time. While the broadside itself doesn't provide a highly detailed visual description, based on the context, we can infer it likely announces the arrival of goods or perhaps details the inventory received. [T. I. Tobias was from a well-known Jewish merchant family.] The back of the broadside is NOT ENOUGH INFO.

A broadside issued by Feigenbaum & Co. in San Francisco, California, in January 1882. The broadside provides very specific instructions to suppliers regarding the shipping and marking of goods sent to Feigenbaum & Co. It features a graphic logo.

White stock business card for Seldner & Rosenberg, Dry Goods, located at 17 Sycamore Street, Petersburg, Virginia. The card's creation date is estimated to be January 1, 1875.

A two-and-a-half-page German-language business letter from H. Fuhrman to Jacobs Mayer & Co. in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, dated October 12, 1847. The letter details business matters and includes a list of merchandise totaling over 1700 dollars. The letter was sent from Delphi, Indiana.

A one-page business letter written on the letterhead of H. Myers & Hano, Brandies, Wines & Gin, located at 134 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Dated July 20, 1878, the letter inquires about the creditworthiness of a merchant in Hellertown, Pennsylvania, to Alfred Crist, an attorney in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.

A business letter dated October 14, 1871, from Seliger & Newman, located at 18 Hanover Street, Baltimore, Maryland, to J. S. & E. Wright & Co. in New York, New York. The letter includes a check.

Trade card depicting a bust of a lady. The card is part of the Ostrander Collection (Ms. Coll. 1410) and is housed in Binder 1, Page 24, of the OOS collection. The card dates from circa 1885 and its geographic location is associated with the coordinates 42.6387819998483, -83.2926959998299, suggesting a location in the United States. The subject matter relates to mercantile themes.

This collection comprises eleven business letters written by the textile merchant firm Elias & Cohen of Charlotte, North Carolina, between October 5, 1887, and April 12, 1888. The letters, written on illustrated letterhead showcasing their establishment, are primarily orders for sheeting to be sent to various customers. Two letters are addressed to Samuel Friedheim in Fort Lawn, South Carolina. The letters offer insight into the business practices and operations of a Jewish mercantile firm in the late 19th century American South. The letters are housed in Arc.MS.56, Box 14, Folder 5.

Printed commercial letter of recommendation from William Ward to Sudlow & Co. vouching for Phillip Cohen as a trustworthy merchant. Dated February 10, 1851, in Norfolk, Virginia.

This excerpt from the Congressional Record, dated July 10, 1882, discusses a committee report recommending relief for David Mordecai & J. Randolph Mordecai. The Mordecais were involved in the shipping business between Baltimore, Maryland and Charleston, South Carolina, and had been illegally charged a postal entry fee. The report favors granting them relief.

This three-page court document details a debt case between Moses Hart and Mr. Bell. The debt originated on February 19, 1796, and the document records the plaintiff's appearance before the court on October 1, 1798. This item is part of a larger archive (56 documents) related to the division of the Aaron Hart estate following his death on December 28, 1800, in Trois-Rivières, Quebec. The documents were found among the papers of Judge James Reid (1769-1848), the Hart family's lawyer. This specific document is categorized as an evidential document predating Aaron Hart's death, supporting claims within the estate settlement. The archive primarily consists of mercantile papers, including ledger sheets and promissory notes.

Four-page deed in folio format (each page 12-1/2"h x 8"w) from Benjamin Seixas and his wife, Zipporah, to Isaac Moses, dated June 14, 1793. Witnessed by Simon Nathan. All parties signed except Moses. Benjamin Seixas, brother of Gershom Mendes Seixas, was a founder of the New York Stock Exchange, a member of the NY Militia, and engaged in privateering with Isaac Moses. Seixas was prominent in Jewish affairs and worked as a saddler and later an auctioneer. Isaac Moses (1742-1818) was a large-scale merchant who operated out of Philadelphia during the British occupation of New York. He was a prominent merchant-shipper and blockade-runner, whose firm, Isaac Moses & Company, later became Isaac Moses & Sons. The document is part of the collection of Judaica Americana.

Deposition of Eleazar Cohen of the firm Cohen & Barnett, detailing the extent of Robert Morris's debt, July 1, 1799. This firsthand account lists Morris's notes held by Cohen and the circumstances of their acquisition. Morris had been imprisoned for debt since February 1798. The deposition was used in lawsuits pending in the High Court of Chancery in Virginia. According to Jonathan Sarnia, Cohen & Barnett subsequently went bankrupt, and Barnett fled to the Netherlands. The document provides significant insight into the financial difficulties of Robert Morris and the operations of the mercantile firm Cohen & Barnett.

Estate document concerning the division of properties belonging to Isaac Moses (1742-1818), founder of Isaac Moses & Co., and involving his son, Joshua Moses (1780-1837). The document, dated November 1, 1819, includes signatures from Joshua Newton and details the distribution of assets. The verso contains additional information related to the estate of Moses. The document describes the mercantile business established by Isaac Moses and continued by his sons after his death, encompassing trade with China and Mexico.

Export/Import Certificate issued to Joshua Moses for the exportation of goods from the Port of New York and for the importation of goods into Philadelphia. Dated December 21, 1831.

Export/Import Certificate issued to Joshua Moses for the exportation of goods from the Port of New York and for the importation of goods into Philadelphia. Dated March 2, 1832.

Manifest detailing the cargo (silk handkerchiefs) from Canton to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, with duties, bonded by the Etting brothers on March 10, 1827. The document originates from Baltimore, Maryland.

This archival item consists of two receipts, dated April 21, 1825, documenting purchases made by T. I. Tobias & Co. in New York City. One receipt is from David Brooks & Sons, and the other is from Randolph & Withers. The receipts measure 8" x 3.5". These receipts were purchased on January 7, 2013, and are valued as a single collection, listed with historical context as item 20.1132 in Collectify.

One-page handwritten ledger sheet (14.5 x 12 inches) detailing the cargo of the brig Sally, owned by Aaron Lopez, on a trading voyage. The sheet, likely created in Newport, Rhode Island on October 1, 1767, itemizes the outgoing cargo (oxen, sheep, shingles, turpentine, tallow, and spermaceti candles) and the returning cargo (hogsheads of rum). The accounts balance at 919 pounds sterling, 14 shillings, and ten pence, including Captain Nathaniel Briggs' 10% commission. While not explicitly stated on this ledger, the brig Sally was also involved in the transatlantic slave trade, transporting slaves from Africa to the West Indies. Aaron Lopez (1731-1782) was a wealthy merchant and leader in the Newport Jewish community. Captain Nathaniel Briggs made at least three voyages for Lopez between 1766 and 1772.

Three-page handwritten ledger sheet (8" x 10") detailing spring purchases made by David Judah (DJ) in Richmond, Virginia, from Pollock & Co. in New York City. Dated December 22, 1822.

Legal letter from Jacob Frank, importer and distiller located at 58 Spring Street, dated July 22, 1896. The letter is part of a larger manuscript collection and pertains to mercantile business. The letter's contents are described as a 'legal letter' and is located in Ms. Coll. 1410, Box 8, Folder 56.

This letter, dated April 27, 1883, is written by Sol Poznanski on the ornate letterhead of Levy Bros. & Co., Manufacturers of Clothing, located at 472 Broadway and 30, 32, 34, & 36 Crosby St., New York. It is addressed to E. W. Knight in Helena, Montana. Poznanski informs Knight that he has drawn a draft for $100 and will arrive in Helena in about six days. He will be representing Levy Bros. & Co. and three other large New York houses, and also acting as a buyer of hides and furs for a Gloversville factory. Poznanski requests that Knight hold the draft if it is not satisfactory until he arrives and states his intention to start a wholesale commission house in Helena upon his arrival. The letterhead features elaborate, Victorian-style script for the business name and description, with a clear address and P.O. Box number. 3.

Letter book containing 290 letters of commercial correspondence, primarily between Tobias & Co. and David Judah, spanning from May 21, 1825, to September 10, 1830. The letters detail Jewish mercantile activities in Richmond, Virginia, and include information about David Judah's bankruptcy in 1827 and his subsequent move to Baltimore. The book also includes copies of letters written by David Judah to Tobias & Co., newspaper clippings on tariffs circa 1825, and correspondence with other Jewish merchants such as Levy & Solomon, Block & Co., J.B. Seixas, and Louis Gomez. The earliest commercial document from David Judah in the Tobias Archive is dated June 9, 1821. An advertisement for a Jewish-owned business in Richmond, featuring David Judah, Edward Pollack, and Tobias I. Tobias, is included from the *Richmond Enquirer* dated July 5, 1822. The book has red pasteboard covers and 168 pages. Acquired January 7, 2013.

A letter written on letterhead from A. Kuhn & Bro. in Ogden, Utah, dated October 23, 1877. The letter notes that A. Kuhn will be in Fort Bridges to purchase furs and hides. It also mentions that they have one or two cars of flour for sale. A. Kuhn & Bro. was listed in Corinne, Utah in 1874.

A one-page stampless letter, dated March 7, 1848, from Abraham Minis in Savannah, Georgia to T. I. Tobias in New York City. Minis discusses unsatisfactory sales of goods, particularly wine, explaining discrepancies in quantities and attributing them to absorption during shipment. He apologizes for the poor results and includes his current prices.

A letter written on Bank of Tucson stationery by B.M. Jacobs to A. Springer in Tombstone, Arizona Territory, dated February 25, 1885. The letter bears the stamp of the Cochise County Bank in Tombstone. The content pertains to mercantile matters.

A one-page letter, part of a fourteen-letter collection (9 of 14), dated September 10, 1781. Written in Hartford, Connecticut, by Caleb Bull to Aaron Lopez. The letter discusses legal matters concerning a case with Elsworth and general business issues, including product orders and the complexities of the Continental currency. The collection spans June 21, 1779, to October 1, 1781, and details trade between Bull and Lopez, encompassing goods such as rum, ostrich plumes, flour, and fish. The letters show the impact of the Currency Crisis of 1779 on their trade. The letters are physically worn with stains, edge wear, toning, creasing, and some illegible portions due to moisture damage.

A single-page letter written by Caleb Bull of Hartford, Connecticut, to Aaron Lopez on July 12, 1781. This is letter 13 of a 14-letter correspondence spanning June 21, 1779 to October 1, 1781, concerning trade conducted between Bull and Lopez (or Joseph Lopez). The letters discuss business matters, currency problems during the American Revolution, and the sale of goods such as rum, ostrich plumes, flour, and fish. Bull's letter explains his inability to travel to meet Lopez due to his horse's injury, and it mentions his sales on Lopez's account. The letters reveal the impact of the Continental currency crisis on trade and business transactions. The physical condition of the letter is noted as stained, edge-worn, toned, creased, and with portions illegible due to moisture damage.

A single-page letter written by Caleb Bull of Hartford, Connecticut, to Aaron Lopez on September 22, 1781. The letter details general business matters concerning rum and dry goods orders, with Bull acting as a seller on Lopez's account. This letter is one of fourteen in a collection spanning June 21, 1779, to October 1, 1781, documenting the mercantile trade between Bull and Lopez, addressing business issues and the complexities of the Continental currency. The letters discuss trade in goods like rum, ostrich plumes, flour, and fish and the challenges of fluctuating currency values. The collection's physical condition shows signs of age, including staining, edge wear, toning, creasing, and some illegibility due to moisture damage. The letter provides insight into the economic challenges of the American Revolutionary period, particularly the depreciation of Continental currency and its impact on trade.

A single-page letter, the eleventh of fourteen, written on April 16, 1781, in Hartford, Connecticut, by Caleb Bull to Aaron Lopez. The letter details general business matters concerning the sale of Lopez's goods, specifically rum and dry goods, on his account. This collection comprises fourteen letters dated between June 21, 1779, and October 1, 1781, covering trade conducted by or with Aaron Lopez or Joseph Lopez, and merchants Caleb Bull (1746-1797) and Josiah Blakeley of Hartford. The letters discuss business affairs and the challenges presented by the currency crisis of the time. The letters are stained, edge-worn, toned, and creased. Portions of several letters written by Bull are illegible due to water damage. The letters also discuss the use of Continental currency and the economic hardships during the American Revolution.

This archival object consists of a single-page letter, dated October 1, 1781, written by Caleb Bull of Hartford, Connecticut, to Aaron Lopez. The letter focuses on commercial matters, specifically discussing payments and the exchange rate of Continental Currency. Bull details his transactions on Lopez's behalf and mentions his own independent trading activities. The letter is part of a collection (14 letters total) spanning June 21, 1779, to October 1, 1781, detailing trade between Bull and Lopez (or Joseph Lopez). The letters discuss business dealings, the currency crisis, and the complexities of commerce during the American Revolution. The collection includes physical wear and tear such as staining, edge wear, toning, creasing, and water damage resulting in some illegibility. The collection also includes background information on the Continental currency crisis and Aaron Lopez's commercial endeavors.

A single-page letter written on May 15, 1781, in Hartford, Connecticut, by Caleb Bull to Aaron Lopez. This is letter 12 of a 14-letter collection spanning June 21, 1779 to October 1, 1781. The letters detail business transactions between Bull and Lopez, focusing on trade in goods like rum, ostrich plumes, flour, and fish, and the challenges posed by the unstable Continental currency. The letter discusses the state of salmon fishing, Lopez's recent return from Newport, and the types of payment Lopez would accept. The letter displays signs of age and wear, including staining, edge wear, toning, creasing, and some illegible sections due to water damage.

A one-page letter written by Caleb Bull of Hartford, Connecticut, to Aaron or Joseph Lopez on February 12, 1781. The letter discusses a lawsuit against County Courts by Elsworth and includes details about a financial transaction involving 9,000 Continental dollars. Bull also inquires about the availability of ostrich plumes and acceptable forms of payment, highlighting the instability of Continental currency during the American Revolution. This letter is part of a collection of fourteen letters (dated 6/21/1779 to 10/1/1781) concerning trade between Bull and Lopez, which included goods like rum, ostrich plumes, flour, and fish. The letters show the impact of the Currency Crisis of 1779 on business transactions. The physical condition of the letter is noted as stained, edge-worn, toned, creased, and with portions illegible due to water damage.

A one-page letter written on January 29, 1781, in Hartford, Connecticut, by Caleb Bull to Aaron or Joseph Lopez. Bull discusses trade issues, specifically goods being held by an intermediary, and the need to obtain goods from Boston. The letter reflects concerns about trade and the currency crisis of the time. This is letter 8 of 14 letters in the collection, dating from June 21, 1779, to October 1, 1781, concerning trade between Caleb Bull and/or Josiah Blakeley (merchants in Hartford) and Aaron or Joseph Lopez. The letters detail business transactions involving rum, ostrich plumes, flour, and fish, and discuss the challenges posed by the unstable Continental currency. The letters show signs of age including staining, edge wear, toning, creasing, and some illegibility due to moisture damage.

A letter written by Catanach & Co. of Santa Fe, New Mexico, on June 15, 1881, to Don Felipe Chavez. The letter inquires about the price of a large quantity of sheep. The accompanying donor notes mention a family history involving the marriage of Marie Fresquez and the raising of their children in the Catholic faith. A family ancestor is noted to have written about merging Jewish and Christian traditions in relation to this marriage, and is possibly the same individual from Philadelphia who fought in the Civil War and was associated with a Jewish "Church."

A letter written by D. Winternitz in Anton Chico, New Mexico, on August 7, 1883, to C. Ilfeld in Las Vegas. The letter concerns merchandise.

A letter written by David Judah to T. I. Tobias on March 30, 1823, concerning mercantile affairs between the two. The letter, sent from Richmond, mentions a significant fire in Petersburg, Virginia, the previous night that destroyed 50-60 houses. The cover lacks a stamp.

A one-and-a-half-page stampless business letter written by David Judah of D. J. & Co. in Richmond, Virginia, to T. I. Tobias of T. I. Tobias & Co. in New York, New York, on October 28, 1825. The letter details the successful sale of various merchandise.

This archival item consists of a single, stampless letter dated November 15, 1825, written by David Judah of Richmond, Virginia to T. I. Tobias. The letter discusses blankets, woolens, and other mercantile items, suggesting a business relationship between the two individuals. Judah mentions his poor health, detailing symptoms of gout, headaches, and fever. Accompanying metadata references additional letters in the collection from David Judah to Reverend Isaac Leeser. Also included is information about a July 5, 1822, advertisement in the *Richmond Enquirer* for a Jewish-owned business including David Judah, Edward Pollack, and Tobias L. Tobias. David Judah is noted as an auctioneer who dealt in slaves, referencing Bertram Korn's *Jews and Negro Slavery 1789-1865*.

A two-page, stampless letter written by George Tobias in Liverpool, England, on November 7, 1837, to Henry Tobias in New York City. The letter primarily discusses business matters, mentioning potential market improvements, speculation impacting inventory, and an anticipated price drop after Christmas.

This record contains a letter dated March 6, 1862, from Isaac A. Isaacs in Cleveland, Ohio, to the Singer Sewing Machine Company. The letter is a full page and includes an order for three sewing machines, along with a draft for $100. Isaacs notes that he will settle the final price upon arrival in New York. A large lithograph of a storefront, possibly Union Hall, is depicted on the second image in this record. The back of the letter is NOT ENOUGH INFO.

A one-page, stampless letter written by Joseph L. Tobias in Charleston, South Carolina, to his brother Henry Tobias in New York City on August 18, 1846. Joseph requests that Henry purchase coils of rope, specifying dimensions, and sends regards to Henry's wife.

A single-page letter written on January 8, 1779, in Hartford, Connecticut, by Josiah Blakeley to Aaron Lopez. This letter, the second in a series of fourteen, discusses commercial matters. The collection contains correspondence between Blakeley and Lopez (or Joseph Lopez), and Caleb Bull, all merchants in Hartford, spanning from June 21, 1779, to October 1, 1781. The letters address business dealings, including the supply of goods like rum, ostrich plumes, flour, and fish, and the challenges posed by the currency crisis of 1779. The letters reveal the instability of Continental currency and its impact on trade. The physical condition of the letters shows signs of age, including staining, edge wear, toning, creasing, and water damage affecting legibility.

A single-page letter written by Josiah Blakeley in Hartford, Connecticut on March 27, 1780, to Aaron Lopez. The letter discusses legal matters before the Admiralty and County Courts, though specifics are not detailed. This letter is one of fourteen in a collection spanning June 21, 1779 to October 1, 1781, concerning trade between Blakeley and Aaron (or Joseph) Lopez. The letters detail business transactions involving rum, ostrich plumes, and other imported goods, as well as the challenges of the Continental currency crisis. The collection displays signs of age and wear, including staining, creasing, and some illegible portions due to moisture damage. The collection also includes background information on the Continental currency crisis of 1779 and Aaron Lopez's life and business dealings.

A one-page letter written by Josiah Blakeley in Hartford, Connecticut on November 22, 1779, to Aaron Lopez. The letter discusses Blakeley's disappointment with the instability of Continental Currency and his hopes for improvement once the French occupied Newport. It also includes personal greetings from Mrs. Blakeley. This is letter 5 of 14 in a collection of letters dated between June 21, 1779 and October 1, 1781, concerning trade between Blakeley and Caleb Bull (merchants in Hartford) and Aaron or Joseph Lopez. The letters detail business transactions, focusing on the challenges posed by the currency crisis. The collection's letters are stained, edge-worn, toned, creased, and some portions are illegible due to water damage. The letters reveal the impact of the Continental Currency crisis of 1779 on trade and commerce, highlighting the depreciation of the Continental currency and its effects on merchants like Aaron Lopez.

A business letter written by M.G. Levy on June 9, 1884, in Fairview, New Mexico. The letter is written on business stationery. The content pertains to mercantile business.

A letter written by Max B. Goldenberg on Schultz Letterhead to Charles Ilfeld concerning an order of merchandise. Dated January 29, 1883. The letter's content pertains to mercantile business dealings. Geographic locations associated with the individuals involved suggest connections to New Mexico and possibly elsewhere in the Southwest.

A commercial letter written by Merew & Greenall in Helena, Nova Scotia, Canada, to Tobias I in London, England, on October 31, 1815. The letter discusses a shipment and appears to be related to cordage transactions. It is a single page from a copy book.

Brief note from Moses Hart to his attorney regarding his presence in town the following week, dated September 14, 1798. This letter is part of a larger archive of 56 documents related to the division of the Aaron Hart estate after his death on December 28, 1800, in Trois-Rivières, Quebec. The documents were found among the papers of Judge James Reid (1769-1848), the Hart family's lawyer. This specific item is categorized as an evidential document predating Aaron Hart's death, belonging to a group of approximately 28 mercantile papers, including ledger sheets and promissory notes.

A business letter dated April 27, 1870, from the Philadelphia and Atlanta Wine and Liquor Co. in Atlanta, Georgia, to Moses Dropsie. The letter pertains to mercantile business. Geographic locations mentioned include Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and Atlanta, Georgia.

A letter written by S. Ottenberg & Bro. of New York to R. C. Halliday, Esq., proprietor of a saloon and general store in Dillon, Montana Territory, dated January 21, 1891. The letter measures 5 1/2" x 9" and was sent from 2nd Ave & 22nd Street (corner), New York. The content of the letter pertains to mercantile business.

A two and three-quarters page letter written by Tobias I. Tobias in New York City to David Judah in Richmond on February 21, 1822. Tobias expresses concern over the lack of received balance sheets from Judah and notes an increase in the profit share allocated to his brother, Isaac Tobias, to 50%.

Letter written on a billhead from Mayer, Siegfried; Lowenstein, Leopold; Mayer, Gabriel; and Mayer, Bernard, dated February 10, 1868. The billhead indicates their business address as 80 Beekman Street, New York, New York. The letter includes a revenue stamp. The recipient of the letter is unknown.

Manuscript order dated January 11, 1787, from Elizabeth Randolph, wife of Virginia Governor Edmund Randolph, to Messrs. Cohen & Isaacs, a mercantile firm in Richmond, Virginia. The order details the purchase of half a bushel of alum salt, twelve pounds of sugar, and two pounds of salts. The reverse side possibly contains Hebrew docket markings. This document offers insight into the daily life of a prominent colonial family and the operations of a Jewish mercantile business in 18th-century Virginia.

This document pertains to the entry of various chemicals into a port, likely in the United States, from Liverpool, England on August 31, 1874. The document mentions Rosengarten & Sons, a chemical company that later became part of Merck & Co. and continued to exist into the late 20th century. The document is part of the larger collection on mercantile activities.

Record of a port of entry for a ship arriving in New York City from Liverpool on May 6, 1817. The record involves Samuel I. Tobias and John Hudson, indicating a mercantile transaction. This document was part of a larger collection purchased on January 7, 2013, and is cross-referenced with item 20.1132 in Collectify.

Postcard written by Max B. Goldenberg to Henry Levy, c/o Charles Ilfeld, concerning a merchandise order. The postcard was sent circa 1885 from Las Cruces, New Mexico, and Las Vegas, New Mexico.

Promissory note from Levy & Solomons to Jonathan Hart, dated April 1, 1795, in Montreal, Canada. This document is one of 56 from the Aaron Hart archive, predating his death on December 28, 1800, in Trois-Rivières, Quebec. The documents were found among the papers of Judge James Reid (1769-1848), the Hart family lawyer. This note is part of a subset of approximately 28 mercantile papers, including ledger sheets and promissory notes, providing evidence supporting various claims related to the division of Aaron Hart's estate.

Billhead documenting the shipment of a rail car of wool to Boston on August 16, 1911. The document mentions Florersheim's involvement in the transaction. The geographic context is Boston, Massachusetts.

This receipt book documents financial transactions from 1804 to 1811, primarily involving numerous Jewish brokers and firms in Philadelphia. The book features receipts from S. E. Wein, M. E. Cohen, M. Gratz (connected to Rebecca Gratz), and M. Israel, as well as firms like Humes & Etting and Israel Goldsmith & Co. The entries reflect commercial activity and business dealings within Philadelphia's Jewish community during this period.

Receipt documenting the sale of 256 tons of coal from the East Boston Forge Co. to A. T. Cohn in Baltimore on August 21, 1869. The receipt includes a revenue stamp. The receipt is suggestive of the shipping of coal from Boston to Baltimore.

This archival item is a receipt documenting a purchase made by T. J. Tobias & Co. from L & P. Hone & Co. in New York City on October 19, 1825. The receipt measures 8" x 6.5". It was acquired as part of a larger collection on January 7, 2013, and its history is further detailed in item 20.1132 within the Collectify database.

A receipt for a payment of $3200.00 made to Samuel and Israel Philps on December 10, 1828, in Oswego, New York. The receipt notes a payment from James Stevenson.

Receipt dated September 13, 1759, signed by Jacob R. Rivera of Newport, Rhode Island, to William Vernon for the purchase of 252 pounds sterling of spermaceti candles. Jacob Rodriguez Rivera (1717-1789) was a Sephardic Jew who fled the Inquisition and settled in Newport. He was involved in the manufacture of spermaceti candles and was a prominent figure in the Newport Jewish community. The Vernon brothers, William and Samuel, were Newport merchants involved in the transatlantic slave trade, making significant profits through the 'triangle trade' involving rum, slaves, and molasses. This receipt provides insight into the commercial activities and economic interactions within 18th-century Newport, highlighting the involvement of both Jewish and non-Jewish merchants in the colonial economy.

Receipt for two boxes of spermaceti oil candles, dated February 23, 1764, from Jacob Rodriguez Rivera to Thomas Vernon in Newport, Rhode Island. The receipt provides details about a transaction for spermaceti candles between two prominent figures in Newport's 18th-century mercantile community. Jacob Rodriguez Rivera (1717-1789), a Sephardic Jew who fled the Inquisition and became a successful entrepreneur in Newport, is known for introducing the manufacture of spermaceti candles to the colonies. Thomas Vernon was part of the Vernon brothers, prominent Newport merchants involved in the transatlantic slave trade. The receipt offers insights into the business dealings of these individuals and provides a glimpse into the economic activities of Newport during the mid-18th century.

Autograph document signed by Aaron Lopez. Verso also bears the notation, “Negro boy sale £960”. One page, measuring 12 1/2 x 7 1/2 inches. Newport, Rhode Island, April 18, 1770. This receipt settles accounts between Lopez and John Nicole, Jr. of Newport. Lopez's total expenditures amounted to £1160, a portion of which was paid to the captains of the brig Industry and sloop George. Lopez's ships frequently participated in the transatlantic triangular trade, exchanging New England goods for slaves in Africa, who were then sold in the West Indies (and the Carolinas) to acquire goods for re-export to New England. The document shows light toning, creasing, random ink stains, bleed-through, uneven and torn edges, rounded corners, and vertical folds. Despite these imperfections, it is in fine condition.

This archival item is a receipt documenting a purchase made by T. J. Tobias & Co. from Haggerty & Ansten in New York City on April 11, 1825. The receipt measures 8" x 6.5". It was valued and purchased as part of a larger collection on January 7, 2013, and its history is further detailed in item 20.1132 within the Collectify system.

A receipt documenting a purchase made by T. J. Tobias & Co. from Hicks, Lawrence & Co. on November 30, 1825 in New York City. The receipt measures 8" x 6.5".

A receipt documenting a purchase made by T. I. Tobias & Co. from William Hutchinson in New York, New York on April 14, 1825. The receipt measures 8" x 4.5".

A receipt documenting a purchase made by T. I. Tobias & Co. from William Hutchinson in New York City on November 10, 1825. The receipt measures 8" x 4.5".

Folded card printed on four sides. The card stock advertisement features an open walnut and text reading "SMALL EXPENSES + SMALL PROFITS = LARGE SALES." Inside, a photograph depicts a woman in a suit. The advertisement offers an item at $7.375 each, less 2% net 10 days. Published in New York, New York, circa 1885.

Single printed pro-forma sheet (approx. 6" x 7 ½") shipping document, accomplished in ink by Brotherton Daggitt on November 20, 1771 in Newport, Rhode Island. Daggitt consigns various goods, including menhaden, codfish, salmon, cheeses, and oak staves, to Aaron Lopez for transport to the Windward West Indies aboard Lopez's sloop George. The document details the consignment's contents and terms, specifying that the shipment is "on his own acct. & risque." The document provides insight into the mercantile activities of Aaron Lopez and the trade networks operating in colonial Newport during this period. Additional context notes that menhaden is a type of fish, and that Lopez was involved in spermaceti, candle-making, and the slave trade.

A one-page stampless commercial letter sent from Tillinghast & Holroyd in Providence, Rhode Island, to Aaron Lopez in Newport, Rhode Island, on October 10, 1772. The letter bears a manuscript "Bo" postmark and a 2dwt (pennyweight) rate marking. The letter contains detailed commercial information.

A two and three-quarters page stampless letter written by Tobias I. Tobias in New York City to David Judah in Richmond, Virginia on February 21, 1822. Tobias expresses concern over not receiving balance sheets from Judah and mentions increasing the profit share allocated to his brother, Isaac Tobias, to 50%. This letter was part of a larger collection purchased on January 7, 2013, and is cross-referenced with item 20.1132 in Collectify.

Collection of eight telegraph messages sent between Yuma and Tucson, Arizona, between April and September 1878. The messages, primarily from David Neahr to L.M. Jacobs & Co., concern financial transactions, shipping, and cargo details related to the mercantile firm's operations. The messages feature the War Department, Signal Service U.S.A. impress. The messages are on lined paper, approximately 5" x 7 3/4".

Collection of eight telegraph messages sent between April and September 1878, primarily from David Neahr in Yuma to L.M. Jacobs & Co. in Tucson, Arizona. The messages, sent via the War Department Signal Service, concern financial transactions, shipping of goods, and delivery details related to the Jacobs Company's mercantile and banking business. The messages are imprinted with the War Department, Signal Service U.S.A. - United States Telegraph (Form No. 1).

The Tobias Archive comprises over 750 pages of business and personal correspondence, receipts, manifests, invoices, and legal documents spanning from 1816 to 1886. It documents the mercantile activities and family life of the Tobias family, a prominent branch of the New York Sephardic elite. The collection includes 278 individual letters and documents on 426 leaves, three copybooks containing 365 letters on 234 leaves, and approximately 50 pages of additional uncataloged materials. The materials provide insights into 19th-century business practices, family relationships, and social life within the New York Sephardic community. Geographic locations referenced include Liverpool, England; New York, New York; New Orleans, Louisiana; and various Caribbean locales. The archive has a detailed finding aid.

A trade card depicting a woman picking flowers. The card is part of Volume 28, Page 2 of archival collection Arc.MS.56. The image is circa 1885 and relates to mercantile activities. The card's location is Syracuse, New York, based on the archival collection's geographic metadata.

A set of four trade cards, circa 1885, advertising "14, 16, and 18 Asylum." Each card features a different Gesha. The cards are part of a larger collection of trade cards and other mercantile materials. The back of the cards is marked "AD."

Trade card depicting a bust of a woman in full dress, identified as "PATTI." The address 191 Ewen Street, between Teneyck and Stagg Streets, is printed on the card. The card is part of the Weissmann Collection and dates to circa 1885. The card's subject matter suggests mercantile trade. Location: Brooklyn, New York.

Trade card depicting a ship and birds in flight. The card is greenish-sepia toned and features a full advertisement. It's circa 1885 and found in Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Box 2, Folder 17. The address 309 Washington Street is prominently featured.

Trade card advertising A. B. Frank & Co., located at 34 Thomas Street, New York City. The card mentions offices in New York City on Commerce and Market Streets. The approximate date is January 1, 1890.

A trade card depicting a comical scene of an angry woman. The card is circa 1885 and likely related to mercantile business. The card is part of the Ms. Coll. 1410 collection housed in OOS, Box 2, Folder 59. The image is a depiction of an angry woman.

Trade card depicting a Greek home scene. The card indicates the business location as 68 North Second Street, below Arch Street, west side, Philadelphia. The card is dated circa 1885. The card is part of the O Collection, located in Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Box 2, Folder 59.

Trade card advertising fruit, located at 49 North Salina Street. The card dates from circa 1885. The card is associated with Jacob Weinheimer.

Trade card depicting an illustration of 'Jumbo Reaching for Candy' at Hart's Block. Circa 1885. The card is part of a collection of trade cards, suggesting a mercantile context. Geographic location: Connecticut (Latitude 41.6675280001141, Longitude -72.7834369997816)

Trade card depicting a perplexed man attempting to retrieve a pocket watch thrown from a train. The advertisement highlights the superior qualities of a watch case. The card is circa 1885 and related to the mercantile trade. Found in Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Box 2, Folder 17.

Trade card advertising the mercantile business of W. H. Inman and A. Austell, specializing in cotton, tobacco, and other Southern produce. Located at 80 Wall Street. Circa 1885. The card indicates that the business was formerly located in Atlanta, Georgia.

Trade card depicting an Indian head on the front and an unidentified reverse. The card indicates the business is located at 35 East Third Street. The date is estimated as 1863 based on the collection's date range, although it is not explicitly stated on the trade card itself.

Trade card depicting a woman with a wig. The address 355 State Street is visible on the card. The card is circa 1885. The card is part of the collection 'E' located in Arc.MS.56, Box 20, Folder 7. The card's subject matter relates to mercantile activities.

A withdrawal form from a warehouse at the original port of importation, documenting the removal of 28 casks of wine. The form includes a column for "Marks," with a handwritten Jewish star, suggesting the possibility of kosher wine. A motif of a sailing ship in port is also present. The form dates to May 12, 1870. The document is from Volume B, Page 18 of Archive MS. 56.