Subject: Manufacturing

Pamphlet published in Baltimore by Sands & Neilson, Printers in 1831. This first edition contains 44 pages and includes a five-page list of members of the Friends of Domestic Industry, organized by state. The Friends of Domestic Industry was a convention of approximately five hundred delegates from New England and other states, including Ohio and Virginia, that met in New York in 1831 to advocate for a protective tariff. William Wilkins served as president of the group. The pamphlet's address is directed to the people of the United States.

This advertisement features Huestis & Levy, a manufacturer of single and double head playing cards, including Spanish cards of superior quality. Their business, the Union Card Manufactory, was located at 177 & 179 Grand Street, near the Odd Fellows Hall, New York. The item includes an outstanding engraved illustration of the factory/storefront, depicting a multi-story building with a sign for "Union Card Manufactory" and various architectural details, typical of mid-19th century commercial illustrations. The text is presented in a bold, ornate style. This advertisement was originally printed in a New York Business Directory from 1854 or 1855.

This billhead from A. Bernhard & Co., Manufacturing Jewelers located at 2 Maiden Lane, New York, is dated December 21, 1887. It documents items bought by Mrs. H. E. Canfield, with the total amount due listed as $12.85. The bill details various jewelry items, including "Dia Ring" and "Dia Bur." The billhead features ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name, a decorative diamond-shaped logo on the left listing specialties such as "DIAMONDS and Precious Stones," "FINE ONYX & PEARL WORK," "ROSE DIAMOND MONOGRAMS," "FINE BADGES," and "Fine Solid Work of Every Description Made to Order." A prominent red stamped crown-like emblem is also visible on the document. 3.

A billhead from A. Bernhard & Co., Manufacturing Jewelers, located at 2 Maiden Lane, New York, NY, dated December 20, 1887. This invoice documents a transaction with Mrs. H. E. Canfield for the purchase of one gold chain and one ruby pin, priced at $5.50 and $7.42 respectively, totaling $12.92. The billhead features an ornate company logo depicting a stylized 'AB&Co.' within a diamond shape, and uses decorative Victorian-style lettering for the business name and services. A red ink stamp overlaid on the document indicates "PAID FEB 20 1888 A. BERNHARD & CO.".

Billhead from A. Brafman & Son, manufacturing clothiers located at 26 Hopkins Place (formerly Sharp Street), Baltimore, Maryland. Dated August 19, 1887, with a small stamp stating “GOODS ACTUALLY SOLD WILL NOT BE TAKEN BACK” near the top left corner. It is an invoice for E. J. Nebb. The billhead is highly detailed and contains an itemized list of transaction items and prices, along with a handwritten note on the bottom stating “Balance of goods will follow soon.”

Invoice or bill from A. G. Mandel & Co., located at 242 Pearl Street, New York, New York, dated August 24, 1868. The bill was issued to I. F. Seas in Orville, Ohio. The invoice has an itemized list of goods, likely varnish products, with prices and totals, including

1.

Invoice from Baker & Ostheimer, Manufacturing Clothiers located at 501, 503 and 505 State Street, Erie, Pennsylvania. Dated August 19, 1891. The invoice details the purchase of many items (likely fabric or clothing) by McKinney Bros. The billhead has a printed header and a very detailed list of transaction items with prices. This is a very detailed record of a transaction.

This billhead from Barbe, Schoenbrun & Morgenthau, successors to Rindskopf & Barbe & Co., manufacturers and wholesale dealers in Men's, Youths' & Boys' Clothing, is dated November 3, 1880, and addresses a transaction with C. Rohrbaugh of Kinmundy, IL. The invoice lists various clothing items such as coats, shirts, and other goods, totaling 127.25, plus 0.50 for cartage. The document details terms of sale including "Cash unless settled by Note" and that claims must be reported within ten days. Visually, the billhead features a prominent engraved illustration of a multi-story building, presumably the company's premises, with "Rindskopf & Barbe & Co." visible on the signage. The company name and other details are presented in ornate Victorian-style script typography.

This billhead from Bernhard Mayer, & Co., Manufacturers of Varnishes and Japans, located at 80 Beekman Street, New York, is dated April 21, 1865. The bill details a transaction with Mrs. Caroline Strack of York, PA, for the purchase of "10 Galls No 1 Varn" at $23.50 and "Reg 50 Galls 50" for $2.50, summing to $26.00. The stated total amount of the transaction is $21.45. The document features ornate Victorian-style cursive lettering for the business name, buyer's name, and city, along with printed grid lines for ledger entries. A note at the top indicates, "All complaints to be made in writing within thirty days after receipt of goods."

Invoice from Buckingham & Hecht, manufacturers of the EXTRA QUALITY California Boots & Shoes, located at 104 & 106 Sansome Street, San Francisco. Dated August 7, 1872. The bill lists a transaction for 12 pairs of ‘Child’s Kid for Babe’ at $16.50 each, 6 pairs of ‘Miss’ at $9.75 each, and 4 pairs of ‘Men’ at $9.00 each for a total of $35.25. The billhead has a printed header, ornate lettering, and clear details of the business address and transaction.

This billhead records a transaction where Cahn, Wampold & Co., operating as a "Clothing Department" and "Jobbers of Goods for Men's Wear and Manufacturers of Clothing," sold "1 Suit to order" for $22.00 to Miss Rohrbough & Moore of Kinmundy, IL, on September 21, 1870. The item features prominent ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name and header, with a clear address and terms of sale ("TERMS CASH Unless settled by Note").

Invoice from Code, Elfelt & Co., manufacturers of jams, jellies, pickles, preserves, ketchups, sauces, and canned goods, located in San Francisco. Dated July 27, 1877. The bill lists items sold to N.S. Trowbridge & Co. in Tybo, Nevada. The invoice includes a detailed itemized list of the transaction, quantities, prices, and a total amount due of $334.17. It also includes the business's address at 314 Washington Street, the note 'Removed to' and 'Manufacturing Establishment' along with the address of 619, 621, and 623 Front St. The billhead has a printed header, ornate lettering, and details of the business address and transaction.

This billhead, dated October 16, 1882, documents a transaction between Dessar, Wise & Co., Manufacturers of Clothing, located in New York, NY, and Mrs. J. Brooks of Waterloo, NY. The itemized transaction lists "Suits" with a total amount of $193.50. The document features ornate Victorian-style script lettering for the business name, "Bought of," and the buyer's name. It also includes the business's addresses at 452 Broadway and 14, 16, 18 Crosby Street, and the phrase "People's Line" printed at the bottom. 3.

This billhead from the Eagle Pencil Company, dated May 27, 1884, records a transaction with W. H. Crossman & Bro. for "J Drop 64" items, totaling 115 units at a price of $3.50, for a total of $14.99. The terms of the sale were "1% 10 day," with all bills to be settled in 30 days by cash or note. The item features an ornate Victorian-style script for the company name, location, and date. It includes an illustrated company logo depicting an eagle holding "EAGLE PENCILS" in its talons. The billhead also advertises prize medals won in London (1862) and Paris (1867), and notes the "Highest Award at Centennial Exhibition -for- 'Cheapness & Good Quality.'" 3.

This billhead documents a transaction on September 30, 1878, between Elias Haiman, Southern Agricultural Works in Atlanta, GA, and Childs Nickerson & Co. of Athens, GA. The itemized list includes 200 Cast Points, 24 mall. Clovis, and 144 1/2 x 4 1/2 Steel S. Turn Shovels, with a total amount of $86.34. The billhead is marked "Paid." It features a detailed lithographic illustration of the factory building, showing a multi-story brick structure with industrial smokestacks and horse-drawn wagons in front. The business name, "Elias Haiman Southern Agricultural Works," is presented in ornate Victorian-style lettering within decorative banners and flanked by agricultural tools, including a plow.

Envelope with advertising and a hand-written letter from Eureka Manufacturing Co., dated May 18, 1876. The envelope is addressed to J.C. Meussdorffer & Bros., located at 547 & 549 Market Street, San Francisco, California. The letter mentions an order for slides, and requests a size of 12 or larger. The billhead, printed on the envelope, lists the company's product offerings, including Mrs. Fitzgerald's Eureka Hose Suspender Belt and Buckle, Ladies' Patent Centennial Dress Holders, Gents' Patent Drawers Holders, L. G. S. Skirt Supporters, Etc., Etc. The company name appears on the billhead in an ornate Victorian-style lettering.

Invoice from F. POLLARD, a manufacturer of show cases, located at 36, 38, & 40 South Water Street, Cleveland, Ohio. Dated November 8, 1882. The bill lists one 8-foot counter and a transaction total of $39.60. It is marked as received and paid by F. Pollard. The billhead includes an elaborate illustration of the exterior of F. Pollard's store. It includes ornate lettering and several decorative elements typical of the 19th century.

A billhead from F. Siegel & Bros., manufacturers of cloaks, suits, and under garments, located at 185, 187, & 189 Madison St., Corner Fifth Ave., Chicago. Dated November 3, 1880, the document records a transaction with C. Rohrbaugh of Kinmundy, IL, listing quantities and prices for dolmans and cloaks. The total amount for the transaction is 66. A handwritten note on the billhead indicates that "in cloak box 18 stands for 18 years we have not the same goods in 3436; let us know if we shall send 9 box 18 yrs. 1 Dolman x 38 & 4 to follow." The billhead features ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name and a lithographic illustration of a factory building.

A statement of account (billhead) from the Gaff, Fleischmann & Co. agency in Hartford, Connecticut, dated May 1, 1884, addressed to Moore and Pollard. The item details purchases of yeast cakes over several months: 12 dozen in February, 13 dozen in March, and 12 dozen in April, totaling $6.75. A handwritten notation indicates "Paid by check May 10 1884." The company name "GAFF, FLEISCHMANN & CO." is prominently displayed in a bold sans-serif font, with "COMPRESSED YEAST." and "FACTORY DEPOT:" below it. Notably, the name "Gaff" is handwritten with a line through it. The document features standard ruled lines for transaction details and some handwritten additions in purple ink. **3.

Billhead for Heavenrich, Hirschberg & Co., manufacturers of youths', boys' & children's clothing, located at 610, 612, & 614 Broadway, corner of Houston Street, New York City. Dated April 25, 1883. The bill is addressed to Mr. J. Brooks of Waterloo, NY and details the purchase of items such as “youth's suits” and “jacket”. It notes the payment terms as “Net” with “note to your own order payable in New York or cash 10 days 2%. The billhead displays a decorative floral border at the top and bottom. The document includes a handwritten note on the top left corner. The bill is well organized and includes information on the business, buyer, date, items purchased, and total amount due.

This billhead from November 1859 documents a transaction between M. Luther Boardman and Hendricks & Brothers, proprietors of the Belleville Copper Works in New Jersey, with a dispensing warehouse in New York. The invoice lists the purchase of "Battery Line" for $50.00 and "R. Part" for $5.50, totaling $55.50. Hendricks & Brothers dealt in bolts, sheet copper, copper wire, hose, boiler rivets, and imported foreign copper, tin plate, block tin, spelter, and sheet zinc. The billhead features ornate Victorian-style lettering for the company name, enclosed within a decorative banner, and a curved banner for the warehouse address. 3.

This billhead, dated February 12, 1847, documents a transaction where L. Boardman purchased 23 bales of sheet tin, totaling 1722 units at 2 3/4 cents each, for a sum of $40.935, from Hendricks & Brothers. Hendricks & Brothers, located at 77 and 79 Broad Street and 32 South William Street in New-York, are identified as importers of foreign copper, tin plate, block tin, spelter, and sheet zinc, as well as dealers in lead, composition, nails, and spikes. They are also manufacturers of bolt and sheet copper. The billhead features ornate script for the buyer's name, city, date, and the "Bought of HENDRICKS & BROTHERS" line, contrasting with a more standard serif font for the business address and product descriptions.

This billhead for Hirshkind, Parker & Co., manufacturers and jobbers of Men's, Youths' & Boys' Clothing, records a transaction dated June 14, 1876. The invoice is made out to Adams Goodrich & Co. of Fair Haven, VT, for 10 "Cans pants" priced at $0.50 each, totaling $5.00, with an overall total of $5.50. The billhead features an elaborate engraving of the Hirshkind, Parker & Co. building at 463, 465 & 467 Broadway, New York, formerly occupied by Lord & Taylor. It includes ornate Victorian-style lettering for the company name and details, along with terms of sale and cash discount information.

Billhead - I. Golland's..Manufacturers of Children clothing…438 Broome Street, NYC…3/6/1886. Billhead to Honig & Schutter, Retail Clothier in Hazelton, Pennsylvania. Schutter is not Jewish...Isaac Honig was President of the Synagogue.

This billhead from I. Scheier & Co., the Plattsburgh Cigar Factory, records the sale of 300 Clear Havana Cigars for $25.50 to Mr. C. N. Williams on September 30, 1874. The document includes a note to "Please give 300 cigars to Mr Putnam." The billhead features ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name, a decorative border, and a prominent header stating "Plattsburgh Cigar Factory Established 1863." I. Scheier & Co. is identified as manufacturers and wholesale and retail dealers in cigars, tobacco, pipes, fire works, and fancy goods. 3.

Invoice for pants purchased from J. Werner & Co., manufacturers of men's, youths', boys' and children's pants exclusively, located at 432 Broome Street, New York. Dated August 9, 1882. The bill lists the purchase of pants by Hower Bros. The billhead contains the business's name, address, and a brief description of their products. The printed header includes a simple decorative border.

This billhead from Julius King Optical Co., Manufacturers, dated January 29, 1889, records the sale of "1 francisco lens" for 25 cents to Mrs. Heuer of Uniontown, PA. The transaction originated in Cleveland, OH. The item features a prominent and detailed graphic of an eye with radiating light, ornate Victorian-style lettering for the company name, and includes the names of several associated individuals.

Invoice from Kaufman, Oppenheimer & Co., located at 233 Liberty Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, dated July 19, 1880. The billhead features a printed header, ornate lettering, and detailed information about the business. The transaction is between Kaufman, Oppenheimer & Co. and Joseph Kammerer and lists several items and their associated costs. The billhead also includes a stamped seal of “Bought of” with intricate details.

Invoice from Kaufman, Oppenheimer & Co., located at 233 Liberty Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The date, October 25, 1880, is handwritten over the year “187”. The bill is addressed to Joseph Kammerer, Kammerer, Pennsylvania, and lists a detailed breakdown of items purchased, likely clothing, with corresponding quantities and prices. This invoice was part of the Kaufman, Oppenheimer & Co. archive. The billhead features a small rectangular logo in the upper right corner that says ‘Bought of’ surrounded by a decorative floral design.

Invoice from Koch, Goldsmith, Joseph & Co., manufacturers of clothing and importers and jobbers of woolens, located at 73, 75 & 77 ST. Clair Street, Cleveland, Ohio. Dated April 1, 1884. The bill details a sale of various goods, including '2 Marked Suits', '1 Flannels', '6 Dress Pants', '6 Childs Cloth Brooch Pants' and '6 Pants' to Hower Bros in Burbank, Ohio. The invoice includes a detailed accounting of the goods sold and their prices. The billhead features a framed company logo, ornate Victorian-style lettering, and clear business information.

Billhead for Lawrence, Cohen & Co., Successors to Lewis I. Cohen, Manufacturers of Improved Gold Illuminated Ivory Surfaced Playing Cards, White & Tinted French Enameled Visiting Cards, Printers Plain Satin Railroad & Steamboat Cards, Card Boards, Everpoint Leads &c., 184 William Street, New York. Dated March 6, 1855. The bill is for the purchase of 18 'items' at a price of $1.00 per item. The billhead contains a fine litho and details of the business and transaction. The billhead has a decorative header with a depiction of the company's building.

Invoice from Lawrence, Cohen & Co., successors to Lewis I. Cohen, manufacturers of improved gold illuminated ivory surfaced playing cards, located at 184 William Street, New York, New York. Dated October 22, 1857. The bill lists 100 India Cards (playing cards?) with a price of 75¢ and was sent to T. I. Hathaway, Fair Haven, Connecticut. This billhead features a beautiful illustration of a four-story building in New York City, ornate Victorian-style lettering, and a detailed description of the business's services.

Invoice from Lehman, Richman & Co., manufacturers of clothing and jobbers of foreign and domestic woolens, located at 86 & 88 Water Street, Cleveland, Ohio. Dated May 21, 1884. The bill lists a purchase of various clothing items by Hower Bros. of Burbank, Ohio. The transaction was managed by salesman J. Aaron, and includes an itemized list of items and prices. The billhead features a decorative header with a building, possibly the company's storefront, pictured at the top. The billhead features a decorative header with a building, possibly the company's storefront, pictured at the top. The billhead has ornate Victorian-style lettering.

Billhead of Levi & Schwarz, wholesale dealers and manufacturers of fine clothing, located at 53 & 55 North St., Rochester, New York. Dated October 22, 1885. The bill lists a purchase of goods by Joseph Brooks, of Waterloo, New York. The billhead has a printed header, ornate lettering, and clear details of the business address and transaction.

Invoice from Lewenberg & Co., manufacturers and jobbers of men's and youths' clothing, located at 47 Summer St., Boston, Massachusetts. Dated February 27, 1892. The bill lists items purchased by Doe Bros., including suits and coats, and includes quantities, prices, and a total cost for the purchase. The billhead has a printed header with a company logo, clear business details, and ornate lettering.

This billhead from Lewis Schiele & Co., Importers of Wove Corsets &c., dated April 5, 1873, documents a sale to M. C. Hood & Co. in Boston. The transaction includes "3 Doz. w/ribbed Corsets," "2 Do." of another type, "Laces," an additional 17% charge, and "Stonington Line" charges, totaling $80.44. The terms are "Cash 30 days." The item features an intricate illustration of a corset on the left margin, decorative Victorian-style lettering for the business name "Lewis Schiele & Co." and the tagline "IMPORTERS OF WOVE CORSETS &c.", along with elegant script for the date and customer name. 3.

Billhead from M. Bettman, manufacturer of Chemical Olive, Family and Castile Soap, located at 311 Commercial Street, San Francisco, dated November 24, 1876. The billhead lists a purchase of 200 dozen soap from M. Bettman by N. S. Trowbridge & Co. The billhead is simply printed with the business information and a basic table for listing the transaction.

Invoice from M. Freudenberg, a manufacturer of jewelry, located at No. 517 Broadway, New York City. Dated April 27, 1885. The bill lists items purchased by Joseph Brooks, likely jewelry or jewelry-making supplies, including quantities, prices, and totals. The billhead features a small printed image of the business storefront and includes a list of the buyer's purchases.

Billhead from M. Oppenheimer & Co., successors to Kaufman, Oppenheimer & Co., located at 233 Liberty Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Dated January 3, 1882. This is an invoice for goods sold to Joseph Kammerer of Kammerers Mills, Pennsylvania. The invoice lists a coat, likely an item of clothing, and its price. The billhead has a printed header, decorative lettering, and a clear layout. The billhead is a printed form with several lines of the transaction written in ink.

Billhead from M. Oppenheimer & Co., successors to Kaufman, Oppenheimer & Co. The business was located at 233 Liberty Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Dated June 1, 1882. This bill lists the purchase of goods by Joseph Kammerer of Kammerer's Mills, Pennsylvania. The billhead features a printed header and detailed address information. The buyer's name is handwritten and the transaction details are written in neat script.

Invoice from M. Oppenheimer & Co., clothiers, located at 233 Liberty Street and 240 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Dated June 21, 1882. The bill lists an item purchased, likely clothing, by Joseph Kammerer. The total amount due is $700.00, as indicated in handwritten numbers on the right side of the page. The billhead displays ornate Victorian-style lettering and includes the text “All Claims must be made within FIVE DAYS after receipt of Goods.”

Invoice from M. Oppenheimer & Co., successors to Kaufman, Oppenheimer & Co., located at 233 Liberty Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Dated October 24, 1881. The bill includes a list of items purchased by Joseph Kammerer, including details such as item type, quantity, and price. The billhead features a decorative framed header section with the business name and address printed in a formal font, likely a typical design of the period.

Invoice from M. Oppenheimer & Co., clothing manufacturers, located at 233 Liberty Street and 240 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Dated September 4, 1882. The bill is made out to Joseph Kammerer of Kammerer, Pennsylvania. The bill includes several items with corresponding prices and quantities. The billhead is printed with the business name and address and includes standard terms and conditions for claims and payment. The billhead also notes that the company is subject to draft when due.

Invoice from M. Oppenheimer & Co., located at 233 Liberty Street and 240 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, dated September 9, 1882. The bill lists the purchase of two children's suits by Joseph Kammerer of Kammerers Mills, Pennsylvania. The itemized list includes the price and quantity for each item, along with a handwritten notation about the size of the suits. The billhead features a printed header with the business name and address.

Billhead from M. Strasser & Co., a cigar and tobacco manufacturer, located at No. 27 Hudson Avenue, Albany, New York. The billhead is dated August 2, 1883. It is a letter of notification to a buyer, C. McVeagh, that a bill for cigars, shipped that day, has been enclosed. The billhead is printed with ornate lettering typical of the period and features a company logo with the business name and a date of establishment.

Invoice from Markewitz, Petsch & Co., cap manufacturers located at 30 1/2 Mercer Street, between Grand and Howard Streets, in New York City. Dated April 23, 1869. The invoice itemizes the sale of several items to I. C. H. Iver, including 1 doz. silk quilted, 2 doz. Pekinveil, 1 doz. 11/9 d, 1/2 doz. 11/5 d, 1 pair satin quilted, and 1 doz. caps. The invoice totals $107.25. The invoice includes a handwritten note at the bottom, indicating that the buyer owes $115. The billhead has a printed header, clear details of the business, transaction, and invoice totals.

Billhead for Mayer & Loewenstein, Varnish Manufacturers, located at 80 Beekman Street, New York, NY. Dated July 31, 1885. The bill lists a purchase by J. C. Marsh of Bethel, Vermont, likely of varnish, with a quantity of 1/2 Bbl, 2 Bbl, 1 Can, and 1/2 Ptg. The billhead features a detailed lithograph depicting a factory building by the water with sailboats, likely the location of the company's manufacturing plant. The company's established date of 1846 is included in the printed header.

Invoice from Mendelsohn & Co., manufacturers and wholesale dealers in shirts, undershirts, and drawers, located at 202 Bush Street, corner Sansome (up-stairs), San Francisco, California. Dated September 22, 1876. The invoice indicates that N. S. Trowbridge & Co. purchased 5 doz. “Scotch” Shirts, 2 doz. “Cricket Shirts,” and 1 doz. “Undershirts.” The billhead contains a company logo, featuring an anchor with the text “Anchor Shirts Factory,” printed in a bold, black typeface. The billhead includes details such as the business’s address and the date, and specifies that payment is to be made in U.S. gold coins. The invoice is written on lined paper with a decorative purple border at the top.

Billhead of Meyer Corn, manufacturer of and jobber in hats, caps, and straw goods, located at 69 Mercer St., New York City. The billhead is dated April 10, 1886. The bill was issued to Joseph Brooks of Waterloo, NY, and lists several items purchased and their corresponding prices. There is a decorative element that includes a company logo printed in the upper left corner, with the name 'Stockwell London' printed below it. The billhead also has ornate Victorian-style lettering.

Billhead from Meyer Simon, manufacturer of the “Improved Dress Shirt” and dealer in men’s furnishing goods, located at 462 Broome St., New York, New York. Dated November 26, 1880. The bill is for the purchase of 2 1/2 dozen “can. jackets” at a price of $2.00 per item. The billhead features a printed header section, a company logo, and a seal of excellence awarded to Meyer Simon. The billhead is adorned with several decorative elements, including an ornate Victorian-style font and a seal from the American Institute, New York. The billhead is written in blue ink on a yellowed paper base. The bill is addressed to H. W. Underwood, who likely purchased the jackets for $15.50.

This billhead from Moritz Marcus & Co. records the sale of 5 casks of French Clay for $125 to Mssrs. T. P. Howell & Co. on October 19, 1864, in New York. Moritz Marcus & Co. is identified as a manufacturer, importer, and dealer in glue, varnish, paints, French clay, dry, and pulp colors for paper hangings and stainers. A handwritten note at the bottom of the billhead mentions the availability of an additional two casks of clay and urges the buyer to take them. The document features ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name and a decorative border around the product description in the upper left corner.

Invoice from Morris & Saloman, manufacturers of pants and vests, located at 27 Howard Street, near Broadway, New York City. Dated April 11, 1887. The bill lists an itemized purchase of 6 pants and vests by Joseph Brooks of Waterloo, New York. The total amount is $173.00, and the bill mentions that the goods were shipped by New York Central Railroad. The billhead features a simple, plain design with a printed header and handwritten content. The business address and business type (manufacturers of pants and vests) are clearly printed on the billhead.

Billhead for Moses & Mendelsohn, Manufacturers of Pants, located at 510 Broadway, New York City. The bill, dated September 6, 1886, was likely purchased by Joseph Brooks, of Waterloo, NY. The billhead includes a printed vignette of a building and a horse-drawn carriage. The transaction includes an itemized list of lots, quantities, pants and vests, and their price. It also includes a statement of terms, including the discount and the due date, as well as a notification that no claims are allowed after 10 days.

This billhead documents a transaction from Newbauer & Co. for the sale of 50 tins of 250gr EXTRA-SIZE TELEGRAPH AND METROPOLITAN MATCHES to Messrs Wadhams & Elliott, dated October 24, 1884, in San Francisco. The document features ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name, a decorative box around the word 'MATCHES,' and includes the text 'Importers and Sole Agents' with a list of other company affiliations. It also bears a large blue circular ink stamp and a purple 'DUPLICATE' stamp.

This billhead from Roth & Friedman, Enterprise Knitting Works, dated July 5, 1893, records a sale to Mr. Jas R. Mercer of Reading, PA. The company, located at 442-448 St. Clair St., Toledo, Ohio, manufactured seamless hosiery and hand-knit worsted goods. The itemized list includes quantities of mitts, hosiery, and socks with corresponding prices, totaling 220.00. The billhead features a prominent blue lithographic illustration of a multi-story factory building, representing the "Enterprise Knitting Works." The business name "Roth & Friedman" is printed in an ornate script, typical of the period, alongside standard printed and handwritten transaction details. 3.

Billhead from S.W. Rosenstock & Co., manufacturers and importers of boots and shoes, located at 32 & 34 Sansome St., San Francisco. Dated July 5, 1877. The billhead indicates the business is a sole agent for the National Guaranteed Rubber Boots. It lists the buyer as N.S. Trowbridge & Co., and details the items purchased: 5,000 pairs of shoes for $2,250.00. The billhead displays ornate Victorian-style lettering and decorative elements.

Invoice from Stein, Hirsh & Co., manufacturers of starch, albumens, glycerine, dextrin, lactin and grape sugar, located at 500 to 520 Archer Ave., Chicago, Illinois. Dated January 24, 1878. The bill includes an itemized list of the transaction, including a quantity of “Bone Boild Medal Starch.” The billhead is printed on fine paper. The bill is marked with a “paid” stamp. The billhead prominently features an ornate Victorian-style company logo in the form of two framed, gold medallions depicting allegorical scenes.

Invoice from Weinberg, Leiser & Co., manufacturers of youth’s, boys’, and children's clothing, located at No. 35 Mill Street, Rochester, New York. Dated April 6, 1883. The bill is addressed to Joseph Brooks of Waterloo, New York, and includes an itemized list of clothing purchased, including the quantity and price. The billhead displays ornate Victorian-style lettering, featuring a framed header section.

Lithographed billhead advertising the furniture and upholstery business of an unidentified manufacturer located at 22 Rivington Street, between Chrystie and Forsyth Streets in New York City. The billhead features a large illustration of furniture. The date on the billhead is April 14, 1871. This item is part of the Schomburg Center's collection.

Billhead from A. G. Brooks & Winebrener, located at 261 North Third Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The billhead advertises "WOOD WORKING MACHINERY, BOILERS, ENGINES, TOOLS, &c., NEW AND SECOND HAND." The date is October 3, 1879. The billhead features lithographed imagery on both the front and back.

Billhead from March 23, 1886, issued by D. Block, a manufacturer and seller of trunks and valises in San Francisco. The salesroom was located at 107 Samsome Street, and the factory was on Guerrero Street. The billhead features a fine lithograph of a trunk and was sent to Rosenberg Brothers in Nevada City.

Billhead from David J. Lit & Goldsmith, manufacturers of pearl goods, located at 231 Vine Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The billhead is dated June 17, 1880. The item is part of the E Collection.

Billhead of the Goodman Manufacturing Co., brush and broom manufacturers, located in Richmond, Virginia. The billhead is dated April 14, 1893, and lists Sigmond Goodman, Morton Goodman, and Joseph Rosenbaum. The billhead features a full print of a large factory and depicts brooms and brushes.

Billhead of Kaufman Hat and Fur Co., manufacturers and wholesale dealers in hats, caps, and straw goods, located at 636 Liberty Street, Pittsburgh, PA. The billhead includes the telephone number 2011 (early). The date is circa 1900. This item is part of the Ms. Coll. 1410 collection.

Billhead from Kramer, Goodman & Co., located at 109 Battery Street, San Francisco, California. The billhead is dated September 19, 1882. It advertises the manufacture of cloaks, ulsters, dolmans, ladies', and infants' underwear. The billhead is printed on yellow stock.

Billhead from Mayer, Strouse & Co., corset and clasp makers, located at 412 Broadway, New York City. Dated April 28, 1893. Features two gold gilt lithographs depicting French medals awarded to the company for their products. A second business, C. W. Faneher & Co., is also mentioned on the billhead.

Billhead from Schwabacher & Salts Eagle Manufacturing Company, dated April 21, 1886. The billhead lists the company's factory address as 617, 619 & 612 Brannan Street, and the office address as 205 Front Street, San Francisco, California.

Billhead from Siegel, G. & Siegel, B., manufacturers of ladies' undergarments. The billhead is dated April 29, 1884, and indicates the company's location as New York, New York. The billhead also notes a 'Great Litho of Factory'.

Billhead of Zucker & Levett & Loeb, purveyors of nickel and electro platers supplies, established in 1863. The billhead displays the address 526.28.30 West 25th Street and is dated January 13, 1898.

A broadside advertising the Hart Force Sight Feed Oil Pump Lubricator, manufactured by Emery Caldwell of Auburn, NY. The broadside dates from circa 1890. The geographic location is Auburn, New York.

One-page business letter written on December 14, 1890, by Gerson L. Kahn, a manufacturer of children's suits, located at 516 Market Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The letter includes a draft.

A business record mentioning the address 258 W. Water St., Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and referencing Stephen Douglas and the jewelry manufacturing firm Bunde (Louis) & Upmeyer. The record notes that H. Upmeyer went on to be part of Bunde & Upmeyer. The date is approximately January 1, 1860.

Card game counter patented by Saladee in March 1864. Manufactured by Samuel Hart & Co. of Philadelphia and New York. The obverse shows a card back. This artifact is a first edition from the Civil War era. The collection also contains an 1885 counter from Samuel Hart and Consolidated Card. Bezique, a card game developed in France from Piquet, is described, noting its evolution into Pinochle and its continued play in the USA. The description details the history of Lawrence and Cohen, a card manufactory, their transition into a stock company in 1871 with Samuel Hart and Isaac and John J. Levy, forming the New York Consolidated Card Company.

A commercial letter dated June 17, 1891, from the Brunswick-Balke-Collender Company in Chicago, Illinois, to the First National Bank. The letter pertains to billiard and pool tables and includes an illustration of the Chicago factory.

Commercial letter written by Leo Stein of the Stein Manufacturing Company in Rochester, New York, to J.B. Judson on April 30, 1883. The letter inquires about paying a tax bill on 40 acres of land owned by Stein in Huron County, Michigan. The Stein Manufacturing Company produced cloth-covered caskets.

An envelope from Leon Isaacs & Co., Manufacturers of Glucinum Pens, located at 925 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA. The envelope is addressed to Arthur F. Frey at 520 Warren Street, East Saginaw, Michigan. It features a decorative company logo depicting a pen nib, with "LEON ISAACS & CO. GLUCINUM" inscribed on it, and ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name and product. The postal cancellation mark indicates it was mailed on June 22, 1885, at 5 PM, from Philadelphia, PA. The reverse side contains handwritten notes, possibly inventory or accounting references. 3.

Envelope addressed to Adelsdorfer / Brandenstein. The envelope identifies the sender as the "Proprietors of Washington Manufacturing Co., Importers and Manufacturers," located at 17 and 19 First Street. The date is May 4, 1897.

Envelope from the Rosenfeld Company, manufacturers of wooden ware and household specialties, located at 39 Pryor Street, Atlanta, Georgia. Dated December 3, 1903.

Commercial supplement to Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, published October 27, 1888 in New York, New York. Features illustrations of various businesses in Cincinnati, Ohio; Buffalo, New York; and Baltimore, Maryland, including Brunswick-Balke-Collender (bowling equipment), Samuel Trost cigar box factory, G. Elias lumber factory, Hutzler Brothers Department Store, and Joel Gutman Department Store.

A green cardboard box for medicine, featuring a lithographed label depicting the manufacturer's plant. The side label indicates the contents as Morphiæ (morphine) Sulphas, in 1/8 ounce vials. This box was part of Merck & Co. and still existed in the late 20th century. The box dates from approximately 1860. The box's geographic location is Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Wooden and cardboard two-piece flat container for lead pencil refills. Approximately 3.0" in length by 1.5" wide, with a removable cardboard top. Original paper label is intact and legible, showing normal storage wear. Contains lead pieces. Labeled "Henry Cohen Manufacturing Est. London 1803 & Manufacturing Est. Philadelphia 1838." This stationery firm belonged to Henry Cohen, a leader in the Philadelphia Jewish community and father of Mary Cohen. His brother in England also ran the manufacturing and stationery establishment; he was also an inventor.

This letter, dated May 16, 1882, is from Banner Brothers, Importers & Manufacturers of Fine Clothing & Furnishing Goods, located in San Francisco, California, with a branch in New York City. It is addressed to Greenhood, Bohm & Co. in Helena, Montana, and concerns an order given to their salesman, Mr. Solomon, noting an expectation for a large future order. The letterhead features an elaborate, ornate Victorian-style design with decorative typography for the business name, an initial 'B' logo, and detailed addresses. 3.

This letter from E. Schloss & Co., manufacturers of marble and wood top tables, parlor suits, hat racks, and other furnishings, dated August 1, 1882, is addressed to A. K. Kingsbury, Esq., Cashier. It concerns the collection of a draft for twenty-eight 15/100 dollars on James Furniture Co., with instructions to charge exchange if refused. The letterhead features an ornate Victorian-style design with the company name, a detailed vignette illustrating a marble and wood top table, and addresses for the main business at 379 Pearl Street and the factory at 719, 721 & 723 Fifth Street in New York. 3.

A handwritten letter from H. M. Cohen & Co. in New York, dated June 9, 1858, requesting a current price list of spoons from Luther Boardman in East Haddam, Connecticut. The letter also indicates that some cash for specific items is being forwarded. The letter is written in ornate script, typical of 19th-century correspondence. 3.

This letter, dated August 4, 1862, is from Hendricks Brothers in New York, New York, to Luther Boardman in East Haddam, Connecticut. The letter acknowledges receipt of a check for $25.00 in payment for "S.M. Copper Plate." The letterhead features ornate Victorian-style lettering for "Office of Hendricks Brothers" and "New York Aug. 4, 1862," along with the business address.

A letter from Hirsh & Brother, manufacturers of umbrellas and parasols, located in Philadelphia, PA, to S. Marks & Co. in Roseburg, OR, dated May 2, 1887. The letter discusses business matters, specifically mentioning "goods for the office." The letterhead features a detailed lithograph of the Hirsh & Brother factory building at 1309-1317 Market St., highlighting 7 acres of floor space devoted to manufacturing umbrellas and parasols. The business name "Hirsh & Brother" is presented with ornate Victorian-style lettering. 3.

This letter, dated May 12, 1890, from Triest & Co. in San Francisco to S. Marks & Co. in Roseburg, Oregon, addresses an incorrect order. Triest & Co., manufacturers and wholesale dealers in hats and caps, acknowledges an error in selecting goods, specifically mentioning lot 56by and lot 66by, and offers to correct the issue by sending a credit bill or allowing a return. The letter features a decorative letterhead for Triest & Co., including an illustration of hats and caps and ornate Victorian-style script. **3.

A business letter dated August 25, 1885, from A. Lehmann & Co. in New Orleans, Louisiana, to the Eagle & Phenix Manufacturing Co. in Columbus, Georgia. The letter concerns the transmittal of funds. The letterhead features a large lithograph of a store.

A letter dated December 11, 1892, sent to an address at 1151-1161 North 3rd Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The letter was sent by Fels & Co., manufacturers of toilet soap.

A letter from the J. M. Brunswick & Balke Co. in Cincinnati, Ohio, to their attorney, Jno. S. Ferguson, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, dated February 22, 1879. The letter concerns a legal dispute regarding a billiard table purchase, mentioning Moses Bensinger as a principal. This letter is part of a larger archive documenting a legally contested purchase of a billiard table from the Brunswick & Balke Company between 1875 and 1879. The archive also includes other forms and letters detailing the financial dispute.

This letter, dated November 4, 1886, was sent from Jake W. Levy & Bro. in Sherman, Texas to the Eagle & Phenix Manufacturing Co. in Columbus, Georgia. The letter concerns a transmittal of payment.

This is a 23-page octavo pamphlet by Leone Levi, originally published in 1863 as part of Volume 26 of the *Journal of the Statistical Society of London*. The pamphlet examines the impact of the American Civil War on the cotton trade and manufacturing industries. It includes one plate (likely a chart or graph illustrating statistical data). This is a first edition, and the copy is disbound.

1.

A postcard from Kahn & Schloss, Manufacturing Clothiers of Baltimore, MD, dated June 27, 1885. The postcard, sent by agent W. L. McFarland, informs the Shelby Iron Works Co. in Shelby, AL, of an upcoming visit with a full line of samples for men's, youth's, and boys' clothing. The item features ornate Victorian-style lettering for the business name and a decorative "POSTAL CARD" banner on the reverse, along with various postmarks. 3.

Postcard advertisement sent from a sales representative of the Southern Agricultural Works (Elias Haiman, Atlanta, Georgia) in Little Rock, Arkansas, on January 29, 1883. The advertisement details the company's products, including cast and wrought iron plows, steel plows, steel blades, cotton gins, and cotton warehouse trucks. It highlights the Elias Haiman chilled plow as a specialty and describes the company's large manufacturing plant and workforce. The postcard also includes biographical information about Elias Haiman, president of the company, and S. Landauer, secretary and treasurer. Additional background is given on the Haiman family's history in the manufacturing business, including their involvement in a sword factory during the Civil War and subsequent patents obtained by Elias Haiman and Eugene Rosenbaum for farming implements.

This is a 1879 pricelist pamphlet from Greensfelder, Rosenthal & Co., manufacturers of rubber boots and shoes, located at 105 & 107 Wabash Avenue in Chicago, Illinois. The pamphlet details various styles and prices for "Bay State," "Boston," "National," and "New Jersey" brand boots, arctics, overshoes, and "self-acting overshoes," as well as "Alaska" brand items. It also includes a "List of Findings" such as boot and shoe preparations, laces, buttons, and tools, with prices per dozen or gross. The item is printed on pink-tinted paper, folded into three panels, and features an ornate Victorian-style border and lettering on the central panel, proclaiming "PRICE LIST OF Rubber Boots & Shoes." It includes a disclaimer "SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE" at the top of each panel. **3.

Purchase order from the firm of Neafie & Levy, Penn Steam Boiler Works, dated February 2, 1865. The order is signed by C.(?) Levy. This manuscript document is part of a larger collection of financial records.

A U.S. Internal Revenue stamp for playing cards, indicating a five-cent tax. The stamp features an oval design with serrated edges, typical of government-issued stamps of the period. It prominently displays "U.S. INTER. REV." at the top, "SAMUEL HART & CO. PLAYING CARD MANUFACTURERS" in the center, and "PHILA. & NEW YORK" at the bottom, alongside the denomination "FIVE CENTS" and "5". The stamp has decorative borders and text characteristic of 19th-century engraving.

Shipping document from the J. M. Brunswick & Balke Co. in Cincinnati, Ohio, dated February 6, 1879. The document is printed on an illustrated billhead featuring a lithograph of a train. This is part of a larger archive documenting a legally contested purchase of a billiard table from the company, spanning 1875-1879.

Shipping record from Hendricks & Brothers, detailing the shipment of finished copper from New York, New York to Hartford, Connecticut on November 8, 1845. The record notes the port of entry and is one of five related documents.

This document is a statement of account from Sideman, Lachman & Co., manufacturers of cigars, located in San Francisco, California, dated December 15, 1882. It is addressed to Messrs. Lackey & Thos. Bozeman. The statement details a balance and merchandise rendered as of June 1, amounting to $13.64. The billhead features ornate Victorian-style script for the business name and 'STATEMENT.', along with ruled pink lines typical of ledger or account forms from the period. 3.

This stereoview depicts the interior of the U.S. Treasury's "Dry Press Room," showing multiple workers engaged in the process of manufacturing currency. The image provides a glimpse into the industrial operations of the U.S. Treasury in Washington, D.C., during the mid-19th century. An advertising label on the reverse identifies H. Cohen as a dealer in "Cromos, Engravings, and Frames" in Washington, D.C., suggesting he sold or distributed this photographic view.

This trade card advertises "NOXALL" brand clothing, including shirts, pants, overalls, jumpers, duck clothing, and night robes. The reverse side states that the products are "UNION MADE" under the authority of the United Garment Workers of America (established 1891), featuring an "EMBLEM OF FAIR LABOR." It highlights "SELECTED MATERIAL," "SUPERIOR WORKMANSHIP," "EXCLUSIVE DESIGNS," and "PERFECTION OF FIT," identifying Hargadine-McKittrick Dry Goods Co. of St. Louis, MO, as the "SOLE MANUFACTURERS." The front of the card features a vibrant color lithograph depicting a castle on a lake with snow-capped mountains in the background, accompanied by the motto: "AS THIS SCENE REPRESENTS ONE OF NATURE'S GLORIES, SO 'NOXALL' REPRESENTS ONE OF MAN'S GREAT ACHIEVEMENTS." The reverse has the text in a clear, sans-serif style with a graphic union label. 3.

This trade card for Isaac Lesem & Co. of Quincy, IL, advertises "Noxall Overalls, Shirts, Pants, Coats and Jackets." The front features a colorful illustration of a boy holding a sign that reads "Ask for Noxall Shirts, Pants and Overalls, They are the best." The reverse side provides further details, stating "Noxall Overalls, Shirts, Pants, Coats and Jackets" are "Perfect Fitting" and "Warranted Not To Rip." It features a central shield-shaped logo depicting a strong arm holding a hammer, with the text "Best in the World" and "Trade Mark." The card emphasizes that Noxall products "Fit Well, Look Well, Wear Well" and are "Sold Everywhere."

This advertising trade card for M. Hirsch, a manufacturer of fine segars (cigars) and seller of pipes and smokers' articles, is located at 65 Fulton Street, Brooklyn, below York Street. The card features an illustration of a man smoking a cigar while sitting on a box of "Hirsch Segars." The design includes decorative borders and ornate text typical of late 19th-century advertising. The item was entered into copyright in the year 1878 by M. Hirsch.

This is a trade card for The American Varnish Co., located in Chicago, IL. The front of the card features an elaborate design centered around an American eagle holding a shield with stars and stripes, clutching arrows and an olive branch, with banners displaying the company name, "The American Varnish Co." Above the eagle, the names and titles of Adolph Cohn (Pres't) and Albert Rabe Jr. (Sec'y & Treas.) are printed in ornate Victorian-style lettering. The company's main office and works address is provided as 309, 311, 313 & 315 North Branch St., Chicago. Additionally, the name "Jos. J. Schnadig" and an address "79 Dearborn St." are handwritten in purple ink. The reverse side of the card (second image) features a detailed lithographic illustration of the American Varnish Co. factory complex, depicting multiple buildings with smoking smokestacks, industrial activity including a train and horse-drawn wagons, and a busy waterfront scene with ships. This illustration is framed by decorative, ornate borders typical of the period.

This trade card advertises B. J. Potsdamer, a dealer in furs and skins located at 700 Arch Street in Philadelphia. The front of the card depicts a young girl in a blue dress painting an outdoor scene. The back of the card features a full advertisement for B. J. Potsdamer's business. The card is printed in a Victorian style, with a detailed border. The design features a mix of geometric shapes, florals, and a decorative cartouche.

This trade card advertises the DeSola Mendes Company, a cutting factory located at 12 John Street, New York. The front of the card features the company's name and address. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card, from Florsheim Bros. in Chicago, Illinois, features a woman in a 1780s-style dress holding a shoe. The front of the card is dominated by the woman, and the business name is written at the bottom. The back of the card lists the business address: 85 E. Madison Street, Opposite McVicker's Theatre. [The Florsheim Brothers founded the well-known Florsheim Shoe Company, a major player in the American shoe industry.]

This trade card advertises Gaff, Fleischmann & Co.'s Compressed Yeast, selling for only 2 cents. The front of the card features a comical illustration of a man with his head through a hoop, with the phrase 'Gaff, Fleischmann & Co.'s Compressed Yeast Only 2 Cents' printed below the image.

This trade card advertises Goldsmith, Stein & Co., a boot and shoe manufacturing company located at 56 & 58 Market Street in the Farwell Building, Chicago, Illinois. The front of the card features a detailed lithograph illustration of their factory and offices, suggesting a large and established company. The back is blank. The card is printed in a variety of colors.

This trade card advertises H. C. Cramer, a broom manufacturer located at 32 Gregory Street, corner of Montgomery, in Jersey City, New Jersey. The card features the text 'FACTORY' and 'BROOMS MADE TO ORDER FOR RAILROADS AND STEAMSHIPS'. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises James Rothschild, a clothing manufacturer located at 477 Eighth Avenue, corner of 34th Street, New York. The front of the card displays a photograph of machinery, likely from Rothschild's manufacturing facility. The back of the card contains a full advertisement for the business, including details about its offerings and services.

This trade card advertises Joseph Scheider & Co., manufacturers of patent self-righting cuspidors. The front of the card features an illustration of a cuspidor. The text indicates that the company is located at 58 Beekman Street in New York City and that they have factories in Portland, Connecticut. [The business name is Joseph Scheider & Co., and the individual associated with it is Joseph Scheider.] The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Levinstein & Campbell, a manufacturer of cotton goods, with offices at 25 New Chamber Street, New York City. The card notes that the company’s manufacturing works are located in Manchester, England. The card's back side is blank.

This trade card advertises Mager & Levin, manufacturers and jobbers of all kinds of gold and plated jewelry, located at 3 John Street, near Broadway, Room No. 4, in New York City. The front of the card features the business name, address, and a description of the goods they sell. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Mayer & Loewenstein, manufacturers of fine clothing, established in 1846. The card features elegant, intricate graphic designs, showcasing the quality of the business. The card details the company’s office at 80 Beekman Street in New York City and its works located in Long Island City, New York. The business was run by S.W. Mayer, D.L. Mayer, and Loewenstein. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises the Oregon Furniture Manufacturing Co. in Portland, Oregon. The card features a front view of the factory, showing the building's facade and a sign advertising 'Oregon Furniture Manufacturing Co.' The text mentions a sales department at 208, 210 Front Street, a lumber yard near Hall on South Front Street, and a shipping department at 7 & 9 Salmon Street. [The card indicates that the company was owned by Sam Lowenstein and William Kapus.] The back of the card provides more detailed information about the business, including a list of products.

This trade card advertises the Oregon Furniture Manufacturing Co. located in Portland, Oregon. The card provides multiple addresses for the business: 207 and 209 Front Street (factory), 208 and 210 Front Street (sales), South Front Street (lumber yard, near Hall), and Nos. 7 & 9 Salmon Street (shipping department). The front of the card features a picture of the East River Bridge in New York City. The back of the card includes a full advertisement for the company.

This trade card advertises the Oregon Furniture Manufacturing Co., which was located at 207 and 209 Front Street in Portland, Oregon. The card features a depiction of the Hudson River, which may be a symbolic representation of the company's shipping and manufacturing capabilities. The card lists multiple addresses for the business, including their factory at 208 and 210 Front Street, their sales office on Front Street near Hall, and their lumber yard on South Front Street. Their shipping department is listed as being at 7 and 9 Salmon Street. The back of the card is a full advertisement, although the details are not visible in the image.

This trade card advertises S. & I. Amdur & Goodman, clothing manufacturers located at 16 Waverly Place in New York. The card features the company name in bold lettering, followed by their address and phone number (Spring 1829). The front of the card is divided into two sections by a vertical line. The left section shows the business information, while the right section features a design element, although it is too blurry to make out. The back of the card is blank.

Trade card advertising B. Hartill, manufacturer of Scandinavian padlocks, located at multiple addresses on the Lower East Side of New York City. The card includes addresses: 353 Grand St, 290 Grand St, 264 Grand St, 208 Broome St, and 273 1/2 Division St. The card also features an illustration of a dog and lobster, with the text "Call back your dog." It appears to be part of a business directory of stores on the Lower East Side. Date circa 1878.

This trade card advertises H. Muhr's Sons, manufacturing jewelers, located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The front of the card announces the relocation of the business, stating the previous address (163 N. Second Street) and the new location (N.W. Corner Fourth & Race Streets). The card prominently displays the business name, "H. Muhr's Sons Manufacturing Jewelers." The back of the card is blank. [Information about the Muhr family, if available, would be added here].

Trade card advertising Palm, Fechteler & Co.'s bicycle ornaments. The card boasts that their transfer ornaments are "better, cheaper, more ornamental, and lighter" than metal plates. The card lists two addresses: No. 3 West 13th Street near 5th Ave., NYC, and No. 45 La Salle Street, Chicago. Circa 1885.

Trade card depicting the factory of Stein & Schwarz, manufacturers of cloth hats, caps, and straw goods, located at 21-29 Bank Street. The card is addressed to Mrs. A. Abraham in West Superior, Wisconsin, and is dated December 20, 1894.