Subject: International finance

Bill of Exchange, written on an approximately 19 x 15 cm sheet, dated November 16, 1740. The bill, drawn by the Duke of Newcastle (who became Prime Minister in 1754), instructs Albert Nesbitt & Company of London to pay Michael David five hundred pounds. The verso displays three endorsements in French and Dutch, indicating transfers between Michael David, Berend Heyman, Heen Eliaser, Samuel Levy, and David Levy. This document highlights the transnational financial activities of Jewish financiers, with connections to David Franks, a partner with Nesbitt & Company in supplying the British army during the French and Indian War.

A partly printed bill of exchange for £369.6.8 Sterling, payable sixty days after sight, from Moses Castella in Philadelphia to Thomas Ewing in London, on account of Elizer & Jacob Montefiore in London. Dated July 26, 1796. Accompanied by a manuscript note detailing transaction fees and a notarized manuscript document. The document bears several cancelled endorsements and a blind-embossed tax stamp.

Promissory note made out to Joseph Jacobs from P. R. Polond of London, dated February 26, 1841, in New York, New York. The note represents a financial transaction between the two individuals.

A letter written in French from A & M Heine in New Orleans, Louisiana to B. L. Fould & Fould Oppenheim in Paris, France, dated March 25, 1853. The letter details banking transactions.

A one-page letter written by Fred M. Tobias in Liverpool, England, on May 23, 1838, to his cousin Charles Tobias in New York City. The letter requests the forwarding of a letter to Fred's brother Charles, who may be in New York City or Mexico City. It also mentions confusion caused by unnamed remittances and requests that names be included in future remittances.

A three-page stampless letter written by George Newbold, President of the Bank of America, to Rothschild Frères in Paris on September 30, 1839. Newbold requests additional loans to help the Bank of America recover from the Panic of 1837. The letter details the bank's financial situation and proposes using Treasury Notes as collateral. The letter was carried by the packet ship Charles Carroll.

A two and one-quarter page letter written by Henry Tobias in Liverpool, England, to T. I. Tobias in New York City on March 31, 1837. The letter discusses the difficult economic conditions in England, including business failures and widespread pessimism, in the context of the impending Panic of 1837.

A two-page business letter, dated April 23, 1837, written by Henry Tobias in Liverpool, England, to Thomas Peck. The letter's content reflects the economic climate of the Panic of 1837.

A two and three-quarter page letter from Michael I. Tobias in Liverpool, England, to T. I. Tobias in New York City, dated March 7, 1837. The letter discusses business matters, advising caution in financial dealings and relaying concerns about the Bank of England. This letter, along with others in the collection, highlights the importance of transatlantic family commercial intelligence during the Panic of 1837.