Subject: Antisemitism

This book, published around 1860 in Philadelphia, provides a history of modern Jews. It includes a discussion of contemporary events in Damascus, described as 'ugly' in the donor's notes, suggesting a focus on the Damascus Affair or similar events. The overall tone is described as 'well balanced for the times'.

This 1753 book is a response to the controversial "Jewish Naturalization Bill" passed in May 1753, which allowed foreign-born Jews to be naturalized without taking the sacrament. The book offers an apology for the London citizens and merchants who petitioned against the bill, highlighting the public debate and anti-Semitic sentiments that followed its passage. The book includes arguments against the naturalization and reflects the intense public reaction that led to the bill's repeal within six months. The book's publication demonstrates the widespread anxieties and prejudices surrounding the integration of Jews into English society during the mid-18th century. It provides valuable insight into the social and political climate of the time.

This pamphlet contains a valedictory address delivered by Reverend Moses Marcus on February 21, 1837, at the parsonage house in North Hempstead, New York. The address reflects on Marcus's time as a minister and discusses his dismissal, which he attributes in part to antisemitism and xenophobia. An appendix details the circumstances of his departure, highlighting conflicts within the congregation. Published by the Protestant Episcopal Press, this pamphlet offers insight into the challenges faced by a Jewish minister in 19th-century America and the early development of the Episcopal Church in Nantucket.

Newspaper clipping from the *American Socialist*, published in Oneida, New York on July 17, 1879. The clipping contains a complimentary article on Jews in the public school system and their rise to power globally, along with a brief article on Sarah Bernhardt.

Newspaper clipping from the *American Socialist*, published in Oneida, New York, on June 19, 1879. The clipping contains an article on Jews titled "The Hebrews." The *American Socialist* was a periodical associated with the Oneida Community.

This pamphlet is the first printing of the Act that repealed Britain's 1753 Jewish Naturalization Act. Published in London by Thomas Baskett in 1754, this Act was a response to widespread public outcry and opposition to the earlier act, which had granted British Jews certain rights. The repeal is a landmark document in Jewish history, highlighting the intense social and political climate surrounding Jewish emancipation in 18th-century Britain. The Act itself declares the 1753 act void, citing the disquiet it caused among the King's subjects.

This pamphlet, published in London in 1753 by H. Cooke, refutes arguments presented in another pamphlet, "Considerations on the Bill to Permit Persons Professing the Jewish Religion to be Naturalized." It critiques the reasoning, factual claims, and biblical interpretations within the original pamphlet, which opposed the Jewish Naturalization Act of 1753. The Act, passed in July 1753 and repealed the following year, granted Jews the right to naturalization through parliamentary application. The pamphlet's context is the widespread opposition to the Act, despite Jewish loyalty to the government during the Jacobite rising of 1745, particularly highlighted by the financial contributions of Sampson Gideon.

A folio broadside (14.5" x 17.25") printed in German, dated June 4, 1776. The broadside details a decree from the Augsburg Senate prohibiting contracts between citizens under 25 and Jews, declaring existing contracts invalid unless witnessed by the city mayor. It warns citizens against Jewish dealings and threatens expulsion of Jews attempting to contract with younger individuals. This document reflects antisemitic sentiment prevalent in 18th-century Europe and provides a stark contrast to the American Declaration of Independence issued the same month. The broadside is accompanied by a short English translation.

A lengthy anti-Semitic article published in *The World* (New York City) on March 18, 1864. The article focuses on the perceived role of Jews in the Confederacy during the American Civil War, accusing them of engaging in blockade-running, contraband trade, evading conscription and taxes, and placing excessive trust in Judah P. Benjamin. The article occupies two full columns of the newspaper.

A full-page black and white antisemitic cartoon depicting a Jewish ball at Mrs. Nathan Diamonstein's in New York City. The cartoon was published on June 22, 1893. The cartoon's content is described as antisemitic and focuses on a social gathering.

A half-page color cartoon from the January 1, 1903, issue of the American humor magazine *Judge*, depicting Israelstein, a clothes merchant, "clinching a deal." The cartoon is overtly antisemitic.

Full-page black and white cartoon from the January 1, 1912 issue of *Life* magazine. The cartoon, titled "History as it Might Have Been," depicts a scene at the Cohenhurst Manor Hotel and is overtly antisemitic.

Full-page color cartoon from the February 6, 1884, issue of *Puck*, a satirical weekly magazine published in New York City. The cartoon, titled "The Tammany Fagin and His Pupils," depicts Tammany Hall politicians as pupils of Fagin, presented as a Hasidic Jew with Tammany funds in his pocket. The image is overtly antisemitic.

A full-page color cartoon from the periodical *Puck*, published in New York, New York on January 1, 1881. The cartoon, titled "A Hint to the Hebrews," depicts Jews on a floating hotel resort called the "Hotel de Jerusalem." The cartoon is overtly antisemitic in nature. This item is from Volume G, Page 8 of the archive.

Full-page color antisemitic cartoon from a New York City newspaper, published August 19, 1882. The cartoon depicts two scenes, one titled "Business" and the other "Pleasure," and spans from Chatham Street to the seashore. The newspaper's name is not specified. This item is from Arc.MS.56, Volume E, Page 10.

A half-page color cartoon from the January 1, 1902 issue of *Judge* magazine, published in New York, New York. The cartoon is antisemitic in nature, depicting Jewish individuals in a negative and stereotypical manner. The caption reads, "It was dangerous to say 'money.' Shows Jews sick; in bed."

Full-page color cartoon from the periodical *Leslie's Judge*, depicting an antisemitic portrayal of Moses Cohen, a pawnbroker, and children begging for Christmas. Published in the United States on December 1, 1895.

A full-page color antisemitic cartoon from the periodical Leslie's Judge, published in the United States in January 1901. The cartoon, titled "Levi Wins," depicts Jews in fur shops with the caption "Furs, Furrier, Furriest."

Full-page black and white antisemitic cartoon titled "The American Stage...In the Role of the Lion's Bride." The cartoon depicts a lion with a Jewish face controlling the stage. Published January 17, 1901. Geographic context: New York, NY.

A half-page color cartoon depicting Papa Goldberg and his son. The cartoon is antisemitic in nature. Published circa 1902. Found in Ms. Coll. 1410, M, Box 8, Folder 59.

A full-page black and white antisemitic cartoon titled "A Distinguished Visitor," protesting alleged Jewish control of the theatre. Published January 2, 1896. The cartoon is contained within a newspaper.

A full-page black and white antisemitic cartoon titled "A Long Branch Puzzle...Find the Christian." Depicts Jews at the shore. Published August 9, 1894. The cartoon's antisemitic nature is explicitly noted.

A full-page black and white antisemitic cartoon published on June 22, 1893. The cartoon depicts rats with immigrant faces, posing the question: "An Interesting Question... How long will it be before the rats own the garden & the man is out?"

A full-page black and white antisemitic cartoon depicting "Our Old Friend the Octopus" in the role of "The Theatrical Trust." The cartoon features a Jewish face and Jerusalem in the background. Published on December 9, 1897. The cartoon is characterized by its antisemitic imagery and themes.

A full-page black and white antisemitic cartoon from December 9, 1897, depicting the "Hebraization of the American Drama." The cartoon suggests that Jewish people have a significant influence on American theater. The image is from a newspaper. Further details can be found by looking at almost any New York theater.

A printed advertisement letter, dated January 1, 1884, expressing antisemitic sentiments about the clothing trade in Marietta, Ohio. The letter, addressed to Eliza Johnson in Waverly, West Virginia, from George Blake, contains accusations against Jewish merchants and their business practices. It is part of a larger collection of Judaica Americana.

A colored wood block print depicting a banker with stereotypical Semitic features surrounded by gold. The image is accompanied by a satirical verse about bankers, money, and financial crashes. Published in New York City by A.J. Fisher and identified as a 'One Penny Dreadful'. Date of publication is estimated to be around 1875.

An apologetic letter written in English to Mr. Cahine on July 10, 1824. The anonymous Christian author expresses regret for an unspecified offense, hoping his actions aren't misinterpreted as anti-Jewish. The letter emphasizes the writer's claim of non-hostile sentiments toward Jews. The single-page letter features remnants of a wax seal.

A three-page autograph letter written by James Joseph Sylvester to Dr. John W. Francis on June 13, 1846, from London, England. Sylvester expresses gratitude for Francis's kindness during his previous stay in New York and discusses his current situation and prospects in London. The letter reveals Sylvester's experiences in America, including professional rebuff due to his religion and a violent incident at the University of Virginia.

Children's book published around 1850 by Leavitt & Allen in New York City. Contains six stories, one of which is titled "The Jew in the Bramble Bush." This story features an antisemitic depiction of a Jewish character through a wood block print, culminating in the character's hanging as a thief.

Two sheets of twenty stamps, each depicting a Jewish star, a dog, and a gate, with the message "Boycott Hitler Not Germany." The stamps are red, white, and blue. Published in the United States in 1936.

Broadside issued in Braunschweig, Germany on August 5, 1776, prohibiting Jews from buying, selling, or exporting silver under threat of confiscation. This broadside offers historical context for the experiences of Jews in 18th-century Germany, particularly in light of the American Revolution's emphasis on economic freedom.

A full-page color cartoon titled "Why the Saint Patrick's Day Parade Stopped." The cartoon is anti-Semitic in nature. Published January 1, 1904.

Newspaper clipping from the *Christian Mirror*, published in Portland, Maine on February 27, 1824. The clipping contains a letter to the editor featuring commentary on Judaism.

Printed in New York City in 1858. This document details the defense of Commodore Uriah P. Levy before a court of inquiry held in Washington City during November and December 1857. Prepared and read by his senior counsel, B.F. Butler, it covers nearly his entire naval history. The document measures 6" x 9" and comprises 169 pages. Uriah Phillips Levy (1792-1862) was the first Jewish Commodore in the United States Navy, a veteran of the War of 1812, and a significant figure known for his efforts to end flogging in the Navy and his purchase and restoration of Monticello.

A 23-page pamphlet titled *Die Blutgier Spaniens und Vertreibung der Juden: historische Skizze aus den Zeiten des fünfzehnten Jahrhunderts* [Spain's Bloodlust and the Expulsion of the Jews: A Historical Sketch from the Fifteenth Century] by M. Philippson, revised by F. Schauer. Published in Milwaukee in 1873. The pamphlet is bound in contemporary colored wrappers.

Booklet containing correspondence between U.S. and Swiss officials regarding discrimination against American Jewish citizens in Switzerland, specifically focusing on the case of S. Muhlhauser, who was denied the right to open a branch office. Includes testimony by Jonas Levy. The correspondence covers the period from 1858 to 1860, detailing efforts by American authorities to address discriminatory Swiss laws and practices against Jews. The booklet also reviews Swiss laws that imposed second-class citizenship on Jews. Published in Washington, D.C. by the House of Representatives in 1860. Octavo, 101 pages. Original tan wraps with black lettering (lacks covers). (Singerman No. 1691)

Booklet containing correspondence between U.S. officials and Swiss authorities regarding the discrimination faced by American Jewish citizens in Switzerland, specifically focusing on the case of S. Muhlhauser, who was denied the right to open a branch office. Includes testimony by Jonas Levy. The documents detail anti-Semitic laws and practices in Switzerland from 1858 to 1860, and the efforts by the U.S. government to address these issues. Published in Washington D.C. by the House of Representatives in 1860. Octavo. 101 pages. Original tan wraps with black lettering on cover (lacking in this copy). This collection includes correspondence between US officials and Theodore S. Fay, Secretary of the US legation in Bern, Switzerland. Fay's 1859 report to the Swiss Federal Council was instrumental in the eventual emancipation of Jews in Switzerland in 1866. The booklet reviews discriminatory Swiss laws and prohibitions against Jews, and details incidents such as the expulsion of an American citizen, Gootmann, due to his Jewish faith. (Singerman No. 1691)

This satirical four-page pamphlet, published in New York by Wm. B. Smyth in 1879, is a parody of antisemitic sentiments. Written by Harry Hananel Marks, it ironically depicts a meeting of the "Society for Suppressing the Jewish Race," complete with exaggerated proposals to revive the ghetto and the Inquisition. The pamphlet includes two cartoons referencing the Manhattan Beach Hotel and is marked "Exhibit B" on the first page. Its over-the-top language serves to expose the absurdity of antisemitism.

Two-volume quarto edition of Johann Andreas Eisenmenger's controversial work, *Entdecktes Judenthum*, published in Frankfurt in 1700. This anti-Judaic text, also known as *Judaism Unveiled*, *Judaism Discovered*, or *Judaism Unmasked*, compiles citations from 193 Hebrew books and rabbinical tracts to criticize Jewish religious thought. The book's publication spurred significant controversy, leading to its suppression by the Habsburg emperor and subsequent reprinting in Berlin in 1711. The work remains a significant, though highly contested, source in the study of antisemitism and the history of interpretations of Jewish texts.

Newspaper clipping from Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, published October 19, 1872, in New York, New York. The clipping features a cartoon depicting President Grant receiving money from Jewish individuals, alluding to his controversial expulsion order of December 17, 1863. The description notes that Grant's order became a significant 'Jewish' issue in a presidential campaign.

Published in London in 1753 by R. Baldwin, this 100-page book, written as a letter from an anonymous merchant, "Philo-Patriae," to a friend in the country, argues in favor of the recently passed Jewish Naturalization Act. The author counters antisemitic arguments prevalent at the time, emphasizing the morality of Jewish people and refuting claims about economic competition. The book provides context on the state of Jewish people in other European countries. This publication is significant for its attempt to influence public opinion amidst widespread antisemitism that led to the Act's repeal the following year. The book is bound in contemporary boards and is in very good condition.

Published in London in 1753, this 100-page book, in the form of a letter from an anonymous merchant ('Philo-Patriae') to a friend, argues in favor of the Jewish Naturalization Act passed in Great Britain. Written in response to the intense anti-semitism that followed the Act's passage, the author defends the moral character of Jews and refutes claims that they posed an economic threat to native Britons. The book examines the status of Jews in other European countries and offers a reasoned counterpoint to the anti-Semitic sentiments that ultimately led to the Act's repeal in 1754. This copy is bound in contemporary boards and is in very good to near fine condition.

Issue of the *Gazette of the United States* newspaper published in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on August 6, 1791. The newspaper contains an anti-Semitic poem, potentially marking its first appearance in a US newspaper. The *Gazette of the United States* was a Federalist newspaper.

This archival material consists of the October 1753 issue of the Gentleman's Magazine, a prominent British periodical. It contains articles and letters discussing the recently passed Jewish Naturalization Act of 1753, ranging in tone from purely biblical antisemitism to anti-foreigner sentiment. The Act, allowing Jews to be naturalized by Parliament without taking the sacrament, faced significant public opposition and was later repealed.

Chapbook titled *Grandmamma Easy's Alderman's Feast*, published by Gray, Sprague & Co. at 51 State Street in 1853 or 1855. The chapbook contains hand-colored illustrations, one per page, with the opposite page left blank. Page 4 features a cartoon depicting a Jewish person selling lemons in the street. The content is considered anti-Semitic.

Issue of Harper's Weekly, a New York City illustrated newspaper, published March 21, 1863. This issue features a full-page engraving and a detailed report on the Financial Gold Panic of 1863, with commentary on the role of Jewish speculators in the crisis. The newspaper includes illustrations.

Ink drawing depicting a street scene in Hocking County, Ohio, featuring several pawn shops. The only shop with a visible name is "Isaacs & Sons Pawn Brokers." The back of the drawing includes the inscription, "Hocking Valley was unusually quiet...Wall Street Report," and is signed "T.M.F." The drawing is dated to the 1890s.

This 1823 London reprint of an 1820 New York edition presents a refutation of anti-Jewish sentiments and an investigation of the American Society for Ameliorating the Condition of the Jews. Written in the form of 32 letters between 'Nathan Joseph' and 'Jacob Isaacs,' it critiques the Society's missionary aims and addresses the discrepancy between US federal law and state laws concerning religious equality. Authored by George Houston, assisted by Abraham Collins, it's a significant early Jewish polemic against missionary efforts.

First edition of *Israel Vindicated*, a book published in New York in 1820. Authored by George Houston, writing under the pseudonym 'An Israelite,' this work is a polemic responding to the founding of the American Society for Meliorating the Condition of the Jews. It argues against the injustice of Christian claims to superiority over Jews and highlights the discrepancies between the US Constitution's guarantee of religious freedom and the practices of some states. This first edition was later published in England, marking it as the first American 'Jewish' book to gain international recognition. The book features a signed inscription by the author.

A color cartoon from the June 6, 1903, issue of *Judge* magazine. The cartoon depicts the Kishinev pogrom, showing a scene of violence against Jews in Russia. The caption reads "Guilty & Unpunished."

Five-page article titled "The Jews of Wall Street" from the January 1905 issue of Leslie's Monthly Magazine. The article includes photographs of prominent figures. Published in New York, New York.

This letter, dated October 27, 1852, was written by H. Labatt of New Orleans, Louisiana to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia. Labatt expresses concern over anti-Semitic attacks targeting J.P. Benjamin and E.W. Moise, prominent Louisiana politicians. The letter highlights the religious prejudice faced by Jewish individuals in the political arena of antebellum Louisiana.

Seven-page letter from Rabbi Henry A. Henry to Isaac Leeser, dated January 10, 1855, from New York, New York. Henry accuses Leeser of a personal vendetta, including unfounded attacks on Henry's reputation and livelihood since his arrival in America. The letter also alleges that Leeser withheld valid rebuttals from publication.

Handwritten letter from Henry J. Labatt in San Francisco to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, dated October 31, 1853. Labatt informs Leeser of the newly elected officers of Congregation Emanu-El in its fourth year. The letter lists the officers and provides details about the congregation's activities and the status of San Francisco Jewry, including information about Rabbi Julius Eckman.

Autograph letter signed by Isaac Leeser to D. M. Daurt, written in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on October 23, 1850, and discussing personal attacks against Leeser. The letter also mentions Curaçao.

Three-page letter written by Isaac Leeser to his uncle, Zalma Rehine, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on March 27, 1837. Leeser expresses concern over the blame placed on Jews for the Panic of 1837, discusses business failures in New Orleans, and mentions sending copies of his discourses through David Judah with thanks to Philip Cohen of Baltimore for his support.

A one-page letter written by Isidor Bush of St. Louis, Missouri, to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on December 8, 1853. Bush expresses his views on the state of Judaism, criticizes Leeser's views, and discusses the unification of two congregations in St. Louis into a new congregation, B'Ne-El. He also includes a request for funds for advertisements and circulars for the new temple.

This letter, dated August 8, 1848, is from John Belton O'Neall, Chief Justice of the South Carolina Court, to Isaac Leeser, editor of *The Occident*, in Philadelphia. O'Neall addresses concerns raised by the Jewish community regarding his opinion in the case *City Council vs. Benjamin*. This case involved alleged slander by the Charleston city council and revolved around the interpretation and application of the 'Blue Laws'. O'Neall defends his statement that he knows "no other standard of good morals" than Christianity, clarifying that this reference encompassed the entirety of the Bible, not just the New Testament. The letter demonstrates the intersection of legal proceedings, religious interpretations, and social prejudices against the Jewish community in 19th-century America.

A five-page letter dated June 28, 1865, from Joseph Jacobsohn in New Orleans, Louisiana, to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The letter details the takeover of the Congregation Schaarey Chased synagogue by German young men from the North, their establishment of a Reform temple, and the subsequent resignation of Rabbi Bernard Illowy. It provides a firsthand account of the development of the post-Civil War Reform movement in New Orleans and the conflict between Orthodox and Reform Judaism.

A four-page letter from Mrs. L. M. Ritterband of New York City to Isaac Leeser, dated December 13, 1857. Ritterband discusses her son, a skilled stone carver, who faces discrimination due to his Jewish faith, and appeals to Leeser to highlight her son's plight in his editorial work for the *Occident*. The letter also addresses themes of Jewish identity and the importance of trades for Jewish youth.

Two-page letter (one page both sides) written by M. Myers in Kingston, Jamaica to Reverend Isaac Leeser on January 4, 1863. The letter expresses lament over personal attacks on Leeser and also comments on Reverend De Sola, Rabbi I. M. Isaacs, and Mr. Piza of St. Thomas.

Autograph letter signed (ALS) from N. Metzger to Joshua Fry, dated January 30, 1856, expressing concern about Jewish peddlers in Allentown, Pennsylvania, and seeking Fry's support for a peddler's license law. The letter also includes political commentary and endorsements for Fry's reelection. This letter is one of several in a small archive of letters addressed to Pennsylvania Representative Joshua Fry around 1856.

A two-page letter written by Ralph Smith on Wells, Fargo & Co.'s express letterhead. Dated August 3, 1884, from Eagle City, Colorado, the letter discusses mining claims (the Earp claim), travel on the trail to Murray, a gambling incident involving a Jewish saloon owner named Frienburg, and a shooting incident at Frienburg's saloon. The letter also mentions the 1884 presidential candidates, Cleveland and Hendricks.

Letter from Raphael J. De Cordova to Sabato Morais discussing Morais' input on Jews in Italy and his upcoming lecture on the massacre of Jews in Syria. Written in New York and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on August 3, 1860.

One-page letter dated September 17, 1850, from Robert Lyon, publisher of The Asmonean, in New York City to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia. The letter discusses an editorial in The Occident that attacked Rabbi Isaac Mayer Wise and his Albany congregation, and Lyon seeks Leeser's help in absolving him of responsibility for the editorial. The letter quotes verbatim from the editorial.

Five-page letter written by S. Wolff of Mobile, Alabama, to Isaac Leeser of Philadelphia on April 21, 1848, detailing the suicides of E.L. Andrews in Mobile and his brother Z. Andrews in New Orleans. The letter describes the financial collapse of E.L. Andrews' firm due to the cotton market and the circumstances surrounding the suicides. The letter also mentions societal prejudices against Jews in Mobile.

Letter from the Alliance Israélite Universelle in Paris, France, to Simon Wolf, dated January 4, 1870. Written in French on Alliance stationery, the letter discusses the suffering of coreligionists in Romania. Simon Wolf was a noted attorney and activist in worldwide Jewish affairs, known for his work to rescind Grant's Order No. 11.

Broadside letter (9" x 12") from S. N. Carvalho and thirteen other Jewish leaders of Baltimore to the President of the United States, dated November 28, 1858. The letter requests the President's intervention in the Mortara Affair, urging him to join other world powers in condemning the Papal States' actions. Published in Baltimore, Maryland.

A letter of recommendation for Dr. Philip Minis for an Assistant Surgeon's commission in the U.S. Army. Dated July 1824, Savannah, Georgia. Signed by the President and Vice President of the Georgia Medical Society, an MD, and a retired Post Surgeon of the U.S. Army. This is considered the earliest extant letter of recommendation for a Jew to be an officer in the U.S. Army.

Third American edition of "Letters of Certain Jews to Monsieur Voltaire," published in Cincinnati in 1848. This work, originally authored by Antoine Guenee and translated by Philip Lefanu, purports to be a response from Jews to Voltaire's criticisms of Judaism and the Old Testament. The book includes a note from J. Jonas, President of the Holy Congregation of the Children of Israel in Cincinnati. The original work, while presented as a Jewish defense, is largely considered a Christian apologetic against Deism.

Third American edition of "Letters of Certain Jews to Monsieur Voltaire," published in Cincinnati in 1848. This book contains letters purportedly written by Jews in response to Voltaire's critiques of Judaism and the Old Testament. The introduction notes testimony from J. Jonas, President of the Holy Congregation of the Children of Israel in Cincinnati. The original work, though presented as a Jewish defense, was actually authored by the Christian apologist Antoine Guenee and published in a translation by Philip Lefanu in Dublin in 1777. The book explores the historical debate surrounding Voltaire's views on Judaism and the complexities of interpreting his writings.

This archival item consists of a single page from the July 1, 1915, issue of *Life* magazine. The page features a cartoon depicting a baseball game, allegorically representing Joshua subduing the Hittites. Published in the United States.

A pamphlet of the play "Love Laughs at Locksmiths," a musical farce in two acts by George Colman the Younger. Published by Samuel French at 122 Nassau Street. The cost was 15 cents. The pamphlet includes a scene where Beldaire disguises himself as a Jewish art dealer. Publication date is estimated as circa 1830 based on the publisher's address.

A three-page manuscript letter written by S. D. Pardee of New Haven, Connecticut to his son, Benjamin S. Pardee in Milwaukee, Wisconsin on November 15, 1849. The letter discusses the California Gold Rush, focusing on the tragic loss of life within the Montague Company, a group of New Haven merchants and tradesmen. It also recounts a humorous incident involving a group of 'Jews' who mistook some early-morning bank activity for a robbery, leading to a comical scene involving swords and mud.

A 5.5 x 6 inch manuscript note on anti-Semitic scholars and their errors. Part of the note may have been copied from an article. The note appears complete and was likely kept for reference. It may have been an insert from a letter to Isaac Leeser on the subject, as it was found with other Leeser papers. The note is not in Leeser's handwriting. This document has been reviewed and verified at the Katz Center of the University of Pennsylvania by Dr. Arthur Kiron, the Schottenstein-Jesselson Curator of Judaica Collections and Bruce Nielsen, Judaica Public Services Librarian and Archivist, who is a trained paleographer.

Newspaper clipping from the *Richmond Enquirer* (Virginia), dated January 17, 1824, featuring a letter to the editor originally published in Annapolis on January 8, 1824. The letter, titled "Memorial of the Jews," was written by Jacob I. Cohen Jr. (1789–1869), Solomon Etting (1764–1847), and Levi Solomon, and it advocates for full Jewish emancipation in Maryland. The clipping is from the front page of the newspaper.

Handwritten minutes from a January 23, 1859 meeting of the Committee on the Mortara Affair, held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The minutes, penned and signed by S. N. Carvalho, detail the committee's activities regarding the Mortara Affair, including a reference to a letter sent to President Buchanan.

This is a first edition of a play, published in 1860 by Bloch Israelite Office in Cincinnati, Ohio, that dramatizes the infamous Mortara Affair. The Mortara Affair involved the abduction of a six-year-old Jewish boy, Edgardo Mortara, by Papal authorities in 1858 because he had been secretly baptized as a Catholic infant. The play explores the religious and political ramifications of this event, which sparked international outrage and protests. The bookplate of the Hamilton Hebrew Sabbath School is present in this copy.

Newspaper clipping from the *New York Herald*, February 22, 1860, featuring a significant editorial by Rabbi David Einhorn titled "Trouble Among the Hebrews." The editorial is a protest against the establishment of the Board of Delegates of American Israelites, referencing its first meeting in late November 1859. The article is noted for its unusual length and significance as the first major attempt at forming such a board, eventually encompassing one-third of the congregations in the USA. The Board of Delegates of American Israelites (BDAI) was later succeeded by the Union of American Congregations. The clipping is from Volume D, Page 19 of the archive.

Newspaper clipping from the New York Times, dated November 30, 1868, featuring letters concerning General Grant's Order No. 11. The article discusses the order's impact and its emergence as a significant issue in the Presidential campaign. Published in New York City.

Newspaper clipping from the New York Times, November 30, 1868, featuring a series of three reprinted letters from the Israelite regarding General Grant's Order No. 11. The letters include correspondence between Rabbi Adolph Moses and General Grant (September 3, 1868), Grant's response to Senator Morris (September 14, 1868), and Morris's transmission of the letters to Isaac Mayer Wise (November 15, 1868), prior to their publication.

Newspaper excerpt from the *New-England Galaxy*, published in Boston, Massachusetts on December 8, 1826. The excerpt features an uncomplimentary article about Jews in Poland, taken from "Henderson's Travels in Russia."

Issue of the New-York Tribune newspaper from January 5, 1863, reporting on President Abraham Lincoln's revocation of General Ulysses S. Grant's General Order No. 11, which expelled Jews from military districts in Tennessee, Kentucky, and Mississippi. The newspaper details the events leading to the revocation, including the appeals from Jewish citizens and the President's instructions to countermand the order.

Newspaper article featuring a drawing depicting a Jewish massacre in Russia. Published on January 1, 1903. The article's exact publication information is unknown.

Newspaper article featuring photographs of the Kishinev pogrom that occurred in Kishinev, Bessarabia (present-day Chișinău, Moldova) in April 1905. The article includes images depicting the massacre of Jews in Russia. Published January 1, 1905.

Newspaper article featuring six photographs related to Secretary Hay's note and the Jewish Question. The article includes photographs of Hester Street and is described as anti-Semitic. Published January 1, 1902.

Newspaper clipping from the *National Intelligencer*, published in Washington, D.C. on November 30, 1858. The clipping features an excerpt from a letter by Abraham Hart regarding the Mortara Abduction Case, urging President Buchanan to intervene. It also includes the reply from Secretary of State Lewis Cass refusing to do so. This represents one of the earliest instances of concerted lobbying by American Jews.

Issue of Niles' Weekly Register, a newspaper published in Baltimore, Maryland, on June 21, 1817. This issue features a five-page article on usury, written by the editor and containing demeaning references to Jewish moneylenders. The article discusses interest rates, referencing Roman and English history (including the expulsion of Jews from England), as well as the works of John Locke and Adam Smith. The newspaper also includes other local, national, and international news and topics.

Issue of Niles' Weekly Register published in Baltimore, Maryland on October 1, 1825. This issue contains an article dismissing the laying of the cornerstone at Ararat (Buffalo, NY) and is described as being highly antisemitic.

Issue of Niles' Weekly Register published in Baltimore, Maryland on October 21, 1820. This issue contains an editorial ostensibly in support of a 'Jew Bill,' but expresses highly antisemitic views, characterizing Jewish people as consumers rather than workers and suggesting that the United States would benefit more from Irish laborers or German farmers. Page 114, Column 1.

Issue of Niles' Weekly Register, a newspaper published in Baltimore, Maryland on August 24, 1816. This issue contains an article on page 429 discussing the expulsion of Jews from Lubec, a European city.

Issue of Niles' Weekly Register, published in Baltimore, Maryland on October 1, 1825. This issue contains an article dismissing the laying of the cornerstone of a building in Buffalo, New York, described as anti-Semitic.

Issue of Niles' Weekly Register, published in Baltimore, Maryland on October 1, 1825. This issue contains an article dismissing the laying of a cornerstone at Ararat (Buffalo, NY), described as very antisemitic.

This archival item consists of letters printed in the October 1753 issue of the Gentleman's Magazine, London, England. The letters express a range of opinions, from purely biblical antisemitism to anti-foreigner sentiment, regarding the Jewish Naturalization Act of 1753. This Act, passed in July 1753 and repealed in 1754, allowed Jews to become naturalized British subjects. The letters reflect the significant public debate surrounding this controversial legislation.

Legal document; Petition to the Bankruptcy Court signed by Benjamin Nones' creditors; receipt of full payment of $23,233. Includes 2 Jewish creditors among 15 others; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; January 12, 1795.

Issue of the *Philadelphia Aurora* newspaper from August 13, 1800, featuring Benjamin Nones's influential editorial, "I am a Jew." This editorial, a response to anti-Semitic attacks, is considered a landmark in American Jewish history. Published in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

A full-page color cartoon from the January 1, 1897 issue of *Puck* magazine, depicting an anti-Semitic caricature. The cartoon is part of a series of nine on a single page and is titled "A Useful Accomplishment; Or, The Beauty of Swelling a Customer's Head."

A full-page color cartoon strip from the January 1, 1894, issue of *Puck* magazine. The cartoon, titled "Out Heroding Herod," depicts a Jewish clothier and his son and is considered anti-Semitic. Published in the United States.

A full-page color cartoon strip from the January 1, 1897, issue of *Puck* magazine. The strip, titled "An Ill Wind," depicts a Jewish hat seller in a stereotypical manner. The imagery is considered antisemitic.

A full-page color cartoon from the August 12, 1884, issue of the satirical weekly *Puck*, published in New York, New York. The cartoon, titled "When honest men fall out thieves have to suffer," depicts Mrs. Mandelbaum, a receiver of stolen goods, and is overtly antisemitic.

Full-page color cartoon from the January 1, 1890 issue of *Puck*, a satirical weekly magazine published in New York City. The cartoon depicts a caricatured wealthy Jew resembling Jay Gould.

A double-page, color cartoon from the July 29, 1891 issue of *Puck*, a satirical weekly newspaper published in New York City. The cartoon depicts a caricature of a Jewish person surrounded by figures representing historical persecutors, accompanied by a poem emphasizing the theme of enduring persecution.

Two copies of Hub Papers No. IV, titled "Race, Nation, Religion & the Jew." The item's description indicates it is part of a larger collection. Publication date is estimated based on the donor information as 1918. Physical location: Ms. Coll. 1410, OOS, Box 5, Folder 2.

Issue of the Rural Repository newspaper published in Hudson, New York on February 1, 1845. The issue features a front-page lithograph and an antisemitic story about a Jewish pawnbroker.

Newspaper clipping from the Salem Register, April 7, 1862, featuring a large article on the mourning of the Jewish community following the death of Commodore Uriah P. Levy in New York City. The article was reprinted from the New York Express.

Set of five coin silver teaspoons made by Solomon Ralph Biesenthal of Louisville, Kentucky (1829-1903). Engraved "MF." Marked: "SRBiesenthal." The teaspoons are dated circa 1854. The style correlates with the middle 19th century. Accompanied by an article, "Kentucky's Unknown Story of Jewish Silver," by Gary Dean Gardner, which details the life and work of Biesenthal, including his struggles with antisemitism and financial hardship in antebellum Louisville. The article also discusses the broader context of Jewish silversmiths in the American South and the limited historical documentation available on this community.

Sheet music for "The Hebrew Fancy Ball," published by Richard Saalfield in New York, New York in 1898. The music contains antisemitic caricatures.

Single page from the periodical *Judge*, published in New York, New York, on January 1, 1902. The page features an article titled "Secretary Hay's Note and the Jewish Question" and includes five unflattering photographs of Jews in New York City. The article exhibits antisemitic sentiments.

Booklet: *Die Blutgier Spaniens und Vertreibung der Juden : historische Skizze aus den Zeiten des fuenfzehnten Jahrhunderts... Von M. Philippson. Umgearbeitet von F. Schauer* [Spain's greed and expulsion of the Jews: historical sketch from the fifteenth century... By M. Philippson. Edited by F. Schauer...]. 23 pages. In contemporary colored wrappers. Published in Milwaukee in 1873.

Stereoscopic photograph depicting Moses Hochstein's secondhand store in Saint Paul, Minnesota. The image, part of the 'Genre and Comic' series by J.W. Ingersoll, shows crude signage with a backward 'S' letter, interpreted as an antisemitic joke. The photograph is sepia-toned. One sign reads "Gentiles Welcome". The image was also issued in color by another vendor. Date is undated, but estimated to be circa 1890.

This eight-page pamphlet, published anonymously in New York City on November 29, 1858, defends the Catholic Church's actions in the Edgardo Mortara case. The pamphlet, inscribed "With the compliments of 'Fair Play'" argues for the "liberty of a child of being a Christian and not forced compulsorily to be a Jew." It portrays the Pope's intervention as a "grandest moral spectacle." The case involved Edgardo Mortara, a Jewish boy baptized by his Catholic nanny, who was subsequently taken from his family by Papal authorities to be raised Catholic. The pamphlet represents a contemporary perspective on a highly controversial event that fueled anti-Catholic and antisemitic sentiments in the United States and Europe.

This 32-page pamphlet contains an address delivered by M.C.C. Church in Parkersburg, West Virginia on July 4th, 1867. Church's address praises the American Republic, viewing it as the political embodiment of Christian principles of justice, liberty, and law. However, the address contrasts this ideal with a highly critical portrayal of the Jewish people, whom Church describes as 'the proudest, the most debased, the most bigoted people who ever lived.' The pamphlet was printed by Welch, Bigelow, & Co. in 1867.

Complete original issue of the Boston Recorder newspaper, published in Boston, Massachusetts on July 15, 1817. The front page features a lengthy news report titled "Jews In Russia," a reprint from the November 10, 1816, issue of The Jewish Expositor and friend of Israel, published by the London Society for Promoting Christianity amongst the Jews. The article details the poor conditions of Jews in Russia and a minister's plan to convert them.

This book, published in 1841, presents a series of letters written by Isaac Leeser to the editor of the Philadelphia Gazette. The letters argue for the equal rights of Jews in society, addressing issues of prejudice and discrimination faced by the Jewish community in Philadelphia and beyond. Leeser's work is a significant contribution to the ongoing struggle for Jewish emancipation in the 19th century United States.

Second edition of a pamphlet published in London in 1736. Written under the pseudonym Solomon Abrabanel by William Arnall, a political writer who frequently wrote for Robert Walpole. The pamphlet discusses the history of discrimination against Jews in England, from their expulsion in 1290 to their readmission in 1655. It argues for the equal rights of Jews, emphasizing their contributions to England and the inconsistency of religious discrimination in a nation advocating religious tolerance. The pamphlet is described as being in pristine condition with no soiling, wrinkling, or tears.

Newspaper issue of *The Congressional Globe* from January 5, 1863, published in Washington, D.C. This issue contains a report on the reading of the “Jew Order” in its entirety to the Senate, and a report by Captain Lovell detailing the expulsion of Jews from Paducah, Kentucky. A subsequent resolution declared General Grant's order illegal, urging President Lincoln to revoke it.

This book, "The History of the Inquisition," by William Sime, was published by the Presbyterian Board of Publication in 1834. It contains numerous descriptions of Jews as victims of the Inquisition, providing a historical account of their persecution during that period. The book offers insights into the religious conflicts and intolerance of the era, focusing on the experiences of Jews under the Inquisition.

This book, "The Jew, at Home and Abroad," is a tract by the author ASSU, published circa 1845. The book examines the life and experiences of Jewish people both within their own communities and in the wider world. The content likely explores various aspects of Jewish life, history, and culture, as well as the challenges and perceptions faced by Jews in different societies.

First edition of Richard Cumberland's play, *The Jew: A Comedy*, printed in London by C. Dilly in 1794. This play, performed at the Theatre-Royal, Drury-Lane, presents a sympathetic portrayal of Sheva, a wealthy Jewish usurer, challenging conventional antisemitic stereotypes prevalent in English theatre. The play's success and positive reception, including praise in *The Analytical Review*, marked a shift in the representation of Jews on the English stage. This copy is described as having some minor soiling and toning but is otherwise in good condition.

Book published in New York by Harper & Brothers in 1844. This complete copy includes two advertisements in the rear. Two copies are located by Rosenbach, and an additional copy exists at the Library Company of Philadelphia (online catalog). Although not explicitly stated in the text, both identifying sources list the author as C. Spindler.

A full-page color cartoon from the July 22, 1882, issue of *The Judge* newspaper, depicting an antisemitic caricature of New York City in 1900, titled "The New Jerusalem, Formerly New York." The cartoon satirizes Jewish immigration and depicts a scene on Broadway.

Translation of letters written by Captain Alfred Dreyfus to his wife. Published by Harper & Brothers in 1899. This publication was part of an effort to garner American support for Dreyfus's release from Devil's Island.

Translation of letters written by Captain Alfred Dreyfus to his wife. Published by Harper & Brothers in 1899. The publication aimed to garner American support for Dreyfus's release from Devil's Island.

Translation of letters written by Captain Alfred Dreyfus to his wife during his imprisonment on Devil's Island. Published by Harper & Brothers in 1899, this work aimed to garner American support for Dreyfus's release.

Issue of the Massachusetts Centinel newspaper published in Boston, Massachusetts on November 10, 1787. This issue contains news of a break-in at a Jewish Synagogue in Charleston on September 17, 1787, and a discussion of the newly proposed Federal Constitution, including its provision for religious freedom.

Newspaper clipping from The New York Herald, dated January 5, 1863, featuring the first verbatim New York City printing of General Order No. 11. This order, issued on December 17, 1862, by Major General Ulysses S. Grant, expelled all Jews from his military department. The article presents the order as a matter-of-fact war report without editorial comment. Noteworthy is that President Abraham Lincoln revoked the order on January 4, 1863, the day before this newspaper's publication. The clipping also contains news from Murfreesboro, details of the Battle of Vicksburg, a map of Vicksburg and Rebel batteries, the sinking of the Monitor, Jeb Stuart's raid on Dumfries, and reactions to the Emancipation Proclamation. Additional notes from Dr. Sarna discuss the dissemination of information surrounding the order and its revocation.

This pamphlet reprints a series of 43 letters originally published in the New York World in 1869. Written under the pseudonym "Addersey Curiosibhoy, Parsee merchant of Bombay," by Joseph Solomon Moore, these letters advocate for free trade. Using a fictional narrative, the letters present an economic argument against protective tariffs, highlighting their negative impact on international commerce. The pamphlet's publication coincided with and fueled existing anti-Semitic sentiments, as some protectionists falsely linked free trade advocacy with Jewish interests.

A four-page pamphlet excerpt from *The Political Magazine*, dated August 1, 1786. The pamphlet features a significant article by Richard Cumberland, author of the play *The Jew*, discussing the poor treatment of Jews in other countries, and including quotes from his play. It also includes a letter by Abraham Abraham and a two-page article by Benjamin Franklin on "The Interest & Policy of North America." *The Jew*, a comedy first performed in London in May 1794, is notable for its portrayal of a Jewish moneylender as the hero.

This book, "The Semitic Nations," by Daniel Chwolson, was published in Cincinnati, Ohio in 1874 by Bloch & Co. It is a scholarly work exploring the history, culture, and languages of the Semitic peoples. While the specific content requires further analysis of the book itself, given the subject tags provided by the donor, it's likely to contain discussions of antisemitism prevalent during that period.

Chromolithograph depicting a highly exaggerated Jewish shoemaker and an African American customer. This anti-Semitic print, likely produced between 1881 and 1890 by Currier & Ives, shows a comical scene where the shoemaker falls off his seat as the shoe sole hits him. Published in the United States.

This book, published in 1904, is a collection of writings and speeches responding to the Kishinev pogrom of 1903 in Russia. The pogrom, in which numerous Jews were killed and injured, sparked international outrage and condemnation. This volume compiles various American perspectives on the event, highlighting the accusations of ritual murder leveled against the Jewish community and the ensuing antisemitic violence. The book also features a plate depicting the Irene Kaufmann Settlement in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, suggesting a connection to Jewish charitable work and community building in the United States in response to the tragedy.

Tobacco wrapper advertisement for the American Cigar Company, dated May 25, 1886. The front features graphics of an old Black man and the text "OLD VIRGINIA CHEROOTS." The back features the text "THREE FOR 5 CENTS, BEWARE OF IMITATION. MY SIGNATURE P. WHITLOCK." Additional handwritten notes on the verso indicate that Philip Whitlock, a Civil War veteran who served in the Richmond Light Infantry Blues, was active in the Jewish community and came to the USA in 1854.

This trade card advertises Allen's Jewel 5 Cent Plug Tobacco. The front of the card features a caricature of a Jewish and an Irish man, highlighting a common stereotype. The back of the card is blank. The image on the front is likely from a series of advertisements featuring comical characters.

This circular trade card advertises Charles F. Saul, successor to Tobey & Saul, a business located at 17 & 19 East Water Street in Syracuse, New York. The front of the card features a caricature of a clown with donkey ears standing in front of two donkeys. The text on the front of the card is written in a circular pattern and identifies Charles F. Saul as the successor to Tobey & Saul. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises Elias Kapelowitz's Dewey Hotel. The front features a humorous image of a monkey riding a bicycle. The monkey is wearing a cap and riding a bike, while a policeman stops him and holds up a finger. The card has a red border. There is a humorous poem printed on the card. The image and poem likely make reference to the “Monkey Trial,” a well-known trial that occurred in 1925. The image, poem, and text all allude to anti-Semitic stereotypes. The back of the card is blank. The card is stamped “Dewey”.

This trade card is one of four in a set, advertising Joseph Jacobs, a clothier in Chatham, New York. The card features a comical scene. The illustration depicts a caricatured figure in a top hat, holding a bag of money. The back of the card is blank. [Joseph Jacobs operated a wholesale and retail clothing business in New York. He sold men's, youths', and boys' clothing, and gentlemen's furnishings. He also appears to have had a clothing manufacturing business.]

This trade card for L. & N. Cohn features a comical illustration of a tramp yelling at a dog. The illustration appears to be a caricature of a Jewish man, with a long, hooked nose, exaggerated features, and a torn hat. The scene is depicted in a rustic setting. On the card it states they are located at 329 Kearny Street. The back of the card is blank.

This trade card advertises William Abraham's grocery store located at 209 Fifth Avenue, McKeesport, Pennsylvania. The front of the card features a comical illustration of a tug-of-war between a group of Jewish individuals and a group of Irish individuals. The back of the card is blank.

Trade card for A. Vignolo, located at 14 1st Street, Los Angeles, California. The card depicts an anti-Semitic caricature. The card advertises wines and liquors. Circa 1880.

Trade card depicting a caricature of a family, possibly intended to be antisemitic. The card features a well-dressed couple and children, suggesting the arrival of new citizens. Undated; likely from the 1860s based on style and context.

Trade card depicting a caricature of a Jewish pawnbroker interacting with a customer. The card is antisemitic in nature and includes the phrase 'Five Years Later'. The card is undated, but based on its style, it is estimated to be from around 1860.

Trade card depicting a man holding a basket of suspenders. This is part two of three cards. The card features antisemitic caricature. Published in the United States in 1882.

Trade card advertising Elder & Tash, a clothing store located at 34, 36, & 38 North 3rd Street in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. The card includes anti-Semitic language, specifically the phrase "no Jewing," in reference to their "One Price System". The card is circa 1885.

Anti-Semitic cartoon on yellow card stock depicting a mohel and baby boy. The card is circa 1885 and was issued by Samuel Goldring.

Trade card advertising Nicholl's Blackberry Balsam Cure. The card features a caricature of a Jewish man, contributing to its antisemitic nature. Circa 1885.

This trade card for Nicholl's Blackberry Balsam Cure features a black and white illustration of a caricature of a Jewish-appearing man with two boys, all with exaggeratedly large noses. This image reflects antisemitic stereotypes prevalent during that time. The text on the card advertises "MONEY TO LOAN" and promotes Nicholl's Blackberry Balsam as a cure for various ailments. The illustration is on the front of the card; the back of the card is blank. This is one of two cards in the record.

Trade card advertising Capadura Cigars by R. C. Brown & Co. of New York, NY. The card features a caricature of a Jewish man praising the cigars in broken English, exhibiting anti-Semitic stereotypes. Undated, circa 1890.

This trade card advertises W. Duke, Sons & Co. The front of the card features a caricature depicting a man, possibly Ockstein, greeting a baby. The illustration is in a style common to late 19th-century trade cards, employing simple lines and shading. The name "Duke & Sons" is prominently displayed. The back of the card is blank. The card's imagery, combining a friendly scene with the company name, suggests a marketing strategy aimed at establishing a positive brand image. However, the subject tags provided by the donor indicate the presence of anti-Semitic elements, which should be interpreted carefully by researchers and viewers. This is particularly important given the historical context of anti-semitism and the representation of Jewish merchants in this period.

This trade card advertises Wineman Bros., clothiers. The front of the card (Image 1) depicts a man in uniform with a large nose, holding a box with advertising on it. The text on the box is illegible. The background suggests a storefront. The card also notes that the store is located 'Three doors south of Northwestern Hotel.' The back of the card (Image 2) is blank. The card's style and illustration suggest a late 19th-century origin. Note: The card was displayed at a Library of Congress exhibit in Cincinnati during 2005 (AJA).

Two trade cards, circa 1885. One card advertises George Kuhl's business; the other advertises Allen's Jewel, a five-cent cigar. Both cards are from Allentown, Pennsylvania. The George Kuhl card features a caricature that is considered anti-Semitic.

First American edition of Patrick Colquhoun's *Treatise on the Police of London*, printed in Philadelphia in 1798 by Henry Sweitzer for Benjamin Davies. This edition includes virulently anti-Semitic passages alongside a detailed examination of London's late-Georgian underworld, covering various crimes, criminals, and social issues. Originally published in London in 1796, this work offers a valuable, albeit biased, sociological perspective on 18th-century London.

Broadside wanted circular for Meynhard Proler, issued in New York City on July 31, 1840. The circular details Proler's alleged crime of forgery and physical description, noting he was 'supposed to be a Dutch Jew, born in Amsterdam'. It also mentions his escape aboard the British brig Eliza Liddell to Rotterdam and potential landing in the British Channel. The broadside is in good condition with minor foxing.

A watercolor caricature depicting a stereotypical portrayal of a wealthy Jew. The drawing, possibly copied from a Pennsylvania German ABC book, features exaggerated facial features and attire. It is characterized by anti-Semitic tropes and was likely created circa 1885.

Colored wood block print depicting a woman with Semitic features dressed in rich clothing. The print is captioned "OLD GRAB" and includes a verse about grasping and miserliness. Created circa 1870s.