Subject: 19th Century United States

This document is an abstract of licenses granted to individuals to engage in trade within Indian Country. It was compiled during the 18th Congress, 2nd Session, on January 17, 1825. Notably, all listed names appear to be Jewish. Further research may be needed to fully contextualize this record. The document is located in Arc.MS.56, Box 9.

Newspaper clipping from the *American Socialist*, published in Oneida, New York, on June 19, 1879. The clipping contains an article on Jews titled "The Hebrews." The *American Socialist* was a periodical associated with the Oneida Community.

Carte-de-visite (CDV) photograph of Adah Isaacs Menken as Mazeppa. The photograph was taken by Charles D. Fredricks & Co. in New York, New York, in 1863.

A three and a half page letter (7.5" x 12") written on August 10, 1829, by Henry Hays (1809-1874) to his sister Sarah Ann Hays (1805-1894), care of Dr. Isaac Hays in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The letter details a steamboat trip to Saratoga Springs aboard the Pennsylvania, includes a poem by the author, and mentions encounters with Mr. and Mrs. Moses Myer in New York City and Mr. David Hoffman. The letter is described as deeply personal and touching. Sarah Ann Hays later married Major Alfred Mordecai in 1836; she was the niece of Rebecca Gratz.

Issue of the New York Herald newspaper from February 2, 1860, featuring a report on the opening prayer delivered by Rabbi Morris Raphall at the Thirty-Sixth Congress. This event marked a significant moment in American Jewish history, representing the first time a rabbi delivered an opening prayer before Congress. Published in New York, New York.

Bound volume of *The Niles' Register*, May-September 1821, containing pages 155-167 which detail the landmark Supreme Court case *Cohens v. Virginia*. This case established the Supreme Court's power to review state supreme court decisions on matters of federal law.